LD 34 Exam Questions With Verified Answers
Primary responsibilities of peace officers as EMS first responders at a medical
emergency - ANSWER -ensuring officer safety as well as the safety of ill or injured
individuals and
the public
-evaluating the emergency situation
-taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident
-initiating actions regarding the well being and care of ill or injured persons
Primary objective of all peace officers responding to any emergency call should be -
ANSWER to get to the location as quickly and safely as possible
Scene size-up/evaluating the scene - ANSWER -Location (address, condition of scene,
traffic, etc)
-Type of emergency (vehicle collision, chest pain, criminal injury...shooting)
-Nature of injured/Ill person(s) (number of victim, age, conscious, appearance of
injury..heavy bleeding)
-need for add. resources (fire, hazmat, EMT)
-urgent enforcement actions required (control of suspect, protect victims,etc)
When determining appropriate safety precautions to take, officers should consider
possible dangers from - ANSWER -exposure to biological hazards (e.g., body fluids such
as blood, saliva, etc.)
-armed suspects, angry bystanders, etc.
-unsafe scene conditions (e.g., unstable buildings, nearby vehicle traffic, etc.)
-environmental hazards (e.g., fire, exposure to dangerous chemicals, chance of
explosion, etc.)
-animals (e.g., pets, wild animals)
Care and well being of the victim has been turned over to other EMS personnel, peace
officers may be required to continue additional enforcement actions including: -
ANSWER -documenting their initial observations when first arriving at the scene
-maintaining control of the scene to protect potential evidence
-identifying and isolating witnesses and involved parties
,-recording statements or information provided by the victims, witnesses,
etc.
-noting whether items were moved in order to render medical emergency services (e.g.,
recording what was touched and by whom)
-any other investigative actions required
Bacteria - ANSWER microscopic organisms that can live in water, soil, or organic
material, or within the bodies of plants, animals, and humans. The human body contains
a number of both beneficial and harmful bacteria. Only when a bacteria is harmful would
it be considered a pathogen.
Virus - ANSWER submicroscopic agent that is capable of infecting living cells. Once
inside the cells of plants, animals, or humans, viruses can reproduce and cause various
types of illness or disease
Transfer of pathogens - ANSWER Airborne pathogens are spread by tiny droplets
sprayed during breathing, coughing, or sneezing. Airborne pathogens can be absorbed
through the eyes or when contaminated particles are inhaled. Blood borne pathogens
may be spread when the blood or other body fluids (e.g., semen, phlegm, mucus, etc.) of
one person comes into contact with an open wound or sore of another
Chain of Transmission - ANSWER how pathogens are spread such as:
• being present
• entry site
• quantity
-susceptibility
personal protective equipment (PPE) - ANSWER -gloves
-gown
-eye protection
-masks
-Ventilation devices
precautions peace officers should take to ensure their own personal safety when
responding to a medical emergency - ANSWER -Treat all body fluids as if they are
contaminated!
-wash hands thoroughly with warm water and antiseptic soap before and after each
exposure, even when gloves are worn
,-Use proper cleaning procedures to disinfect and decontaminate any equipment that
may have been exposed (e.g., vehicle steering wheel and interior, firearm, radio, etc.)
-Use extra caution when handling broken glass or sharp objects
-Use band-aids or other cover protections when open cuts or sores exist
Responsibility to act - ANSWER -assess emergency situations
-initiate appropriate emergency medical services within the scope of the officer's
training and specific agency policy
conditions under which a peace officer is protected from liability when providing
emergency medical services - ANSWER An officer is not required to render care when
reasonable danger exists (e.g., while under fire, exposure to hazardous materials, etc.).
Immunity from liability from civil damages for any injury caused by an action taken when
providing emergency medical services
To be protected from liability for civil damages, emergency rescue personnel must: -
ANSWER -act within the scope of their employment
-act in good faith
-provide a standard of care that is within the scope of their training and specific agency
policy
Expressed consent - ANSWER Officers should clearly identify themselves and ask for
consent to administer emergency medical services. Consent must be obtained from the
ill or injured person before providing emergency care
-conscious and oriented
-mentally competent
-18 and older
Implied consent - ANSWER assumes that an unconscious or confused victim would
consent to receiving emergency medical services if that person were able to do so.
-unconscious
-incapable of giving consent/developmental, emotionally or mental disability
-altered mental state due to alcohol, drugs, head injury, etc
-juvenile,
Duty to continue - ANSWER Once a peace officer initiates medical services, that officer
must remain with the victim until a officer is relieved by individual with equal or greater
training and skill, or the scene becomes unsafe for the officer to remain or the officer is
, physically unable to continue
Two parts to the victim assessment process - ANSWER Initial survey- check
responsiveness, check ABC's, control bleeding, treat for shock
Focused survey- check vital signs, gather all info, head to toe check for injuries
Responsiveness - ANSWER Before taking any action, the victim's level of
responsiveness (mental status)
should be determined by speaking with the victim directly, asking, "Are you okay?"
-alert, awake and oriented (i.e., can talk and answer question appropriately)
-responsive to verbal stimuli (e.g., talking or shouting)
-responsive to painful stimuli (e.g., tapping or pinching, rubbing)
Victim responsive vs not responsive - ANSWER non responsive- activate ems, check
ABC's
Responsive- control bleeding, treat for shock, activate ems if necessary
ABC'S - ANSWER AIRWAY-passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs
BREATHING-After ensuring that the victim's airway is clear and open, the responding
peace officer should determine if the victim is breathing with look, listen, and feel
CIRCULATION- presence of a carotid pulse, taken at a carotid artery
steps for airway assessment - ANSWER 1. Use a jaw-thrust or head-tilt/chin-lift
maneuver to lift the tongue away from the air passage.
2. Take any steps necessary to maintain the open airway
Look, Listen, and Feel - ANSWER Assess the victim's breathing for five seconds by:
- looking for the rise and fall of the chest
- listening for the sound of breathing
- feeling for breath from the victim's nose or mouth
Position self with ear near mouth looking toward chest
Checking circulation (Pulse) - ANSWER 1 Place an index and middle finger on the front
of the victim's throat at the largest cartilage of the larynx ("Adam's apple")
Primary responsibilities of peace officers as EMS first responders at a medical
emergency - ANSWER -ensuring officer safety as well as the safety of ill or injured
individuals and
the public
-evaluating the emergency situation
-taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident
-initiating actions regarding the well being and care of ill or injured persons
Primary objective of all peace officers responding to any emergency call should be -
ANSWER to get to the location as quickly and safely as possible
Scene size-up/evaluating the scene - ANSWER -Location (address, condition of scene,
traffic, etc)
-Type of emergency (vehicle collision, chest pain, criminal injury...shooting)
-Nature of injured/Ill person(s) (number of victim, age, conscious, appearance of
injury..heavy bleeding)
-need for add. resources (fire, hazmat, EMT)
-urgent enforcement actions required (control of suspect, protect victims,etc)
When determining appropriate safety precautions to take, officers should consider
possible dangers from - ANSWER -exposure to biological hazards (e.g., body fluids such
as blood, saliva, etc.)
-armed suspects, angry bystanders, etc.
-unsafe scene conditions (e.g., unstable buildings, nearby vehicle traffic, etc.)
-environmental hazards (e.g., fire, exposure to dangerous chemicals, chance of
explosion, etc.)
-animals (e.g., pets, wild animals)
Care and well being of the victim has been turned over to other EMS personnel, peace
officers may be required to continue additional enforcement actions including: -
ANSWER -documenting their initial observations when first arriving at the scene
-maintaining control of the scene to protect potential evidence
-identifying and isolating witnesses and involved parties
,-recording statements or information provided by the victims, witnesses,
etc.
-noting whether items were moved in order to render medical emergency services (e.g.,
recording what was touched and by whom)
-any other investigative actions required
Bacteria - ANSWER microscopic organisms that can live in water, soil, or organic
material, or within the bodies of plants, animals, and humans. The human body contains
a number of both beneficial and harmful bacteria. Only when a bacteria is harmful would
it be considered a pathogen.
Virus - ANSWER submicroscopic agent that is capable of infecting living cells. Once
inside the cells of plants, animals, or humans, viruses can reproduce and cause various
types of illness or disease
Transfer of pathogens - ANSWER Airborne pathogens are spread by tiny droplets
sprayed during breathing, coughing, or sneezing. Airborne pathogens can be absorbed
through the eyes or when contaminated particles are inhaled. Blood borne pathogens
may be spread when the blood or other body fluids (e.g., semen, phlegm, mucus, etc.) of
one person comes into contact with an open wound or sore of another
Chain of Transmission - ANSWER how pathogens are spread such as:
• being present
• entry site
• quantity
-susceptibility
personal protective equipment (PPE) - ANSWER -gloves
-gown
-eye protection
-masks
-Ventilation devices
precautions peace officers should take to ensure their own personal safety when
responding to a medical emergency - ANSWER -Treat all body fluids as if they are
contaminated!
-wash hands thoroughly with warm water and antiseptic soap before and after each
exposure, even when gloves are worn
,-Use proper cleaning procedures to disinfect and decontaminate any equipment that
may have been exposed (e.g., vehicle steering wheel and interior, firearm, radio, etc.)
-Use extra caution when handling broken glass or sharp objects
-Use band-aids or other cover protections when open cuts or sores exist
Responsibility to act - ANSWER -assess emergency situations
-initiate appropriate emergency medical services within the scope of the officer's
training and specific agency policy
conditions under which a peace officer is protected from liability when providing
emergency medical services - ANSWER An officer is not required to render care when
reasonable danger exists (e.g., while under fire, exposure to hazardous materials, etc.).
Immunity from liability from civil damages for any injury caused by an action taken when
providing emergency medical services
To be protected from liability for civil damages, emergency rescue personnel must: -
ANSWER -act within the scope of their employment
-act in good faith
-provide a standard of care that is within the scope of their training and specific agency
policy
Expressed consent - ANSWER Officers should clearly identify themselves and ask for
consent to administer emergency medical services. Consent must be obtained from the
ill or injured person before providing emergency care
-conscious and oriented
-mentally competent
-18 and older
Implied consent - ANSWER assumes that an unconscious or confused victim would
consent to receiving emergency medical services if that person were able to do so.
-unconscious
-incapable of giving consent/developmental, emotionally or mental disability
-altered mental state due to alcohol, drugs, head injury, etc
-juvenile,
Duty to continue - ANSWER Once a peace officer initiates medical services, that officer
must remain with the victim until a officer is relieved by individual with equal or greater
training and skill, or the scene becomes unsafe for the officer to remain or the officer is
, physically unable to continue
Two parts to the victim assessment process - ANSWER Initial survey- check
responsiveness, check ABC's, control bleeding, treat for shock
Focused survey- check vital signs, gather all info, head to toe check for injuries
Responsiveness - ANSWER Before taking any action, the victim's level of
responsiveness (mental status)
should be determined by speaking with the victim directly, asking, "Are you okay?"
-alert, awake and oriented (i.e., can talk and answer question appropriately)
-responsive to verbal stimuli (e.g., talking or shouting)
-responsive to painful stimuli (e.g., tapping or pinching, rubbing)
Victim responsive vs not responsive - ANSWER non responsive- activate ems, check
ABC's
Responsive- control bleeding, treat for shock, activate ems if necessary
ABC'S - ANSWER AIRWAY-passageway by which air enters and leaves the lungs
BREATHING-After ensuring that the victim's airway is clear and open, the responding
peace officer should determine if the victim is breathing with look, listen, and feel
CIRCULATION- presence of a carotid pulse, taken at a carotid artery
steps for airway assessment - ANSWER 1. Use a jaw-thrust or head-tilt/chin-lift
maneuver to lift the tongue away from the air passage.
2. Take any steps necessary to maintain the open airway
Look, Listen, and Feel - ANSWER Assess the victim's breathing for five seconds by:
- looking for the rise and fall of the chest
- listening for the sound of breathing
- feeling for breath from the victim's nose or mouth
Position self with ear near mouth looking toward chest
Checking circulation (Pulse) - ANSWER 1 Place an index and middle finger on the front
of the victim's throat at the largest cartilage of the larynx ("Adam's apple")
