APSC 4464 EXAMINATION QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS
mites, fleas, ticks - What are the most common external parasites in pets?
fleas - The most common cause of itching in dogs and cats.
saliva - What part of the flea are some animals allergic to, causing them to scratch?
flea allergy dermatitis (FAD)/flea bite hypersensitivity - Very itchy disease that can lead to
secondary skin infections.
• Fleas inject saliva that contains a variety irritating and/or allergy-causing substances (e.g.
histamine-like compounds, enzymes, polypeptides, amino acids)
• Pets are not allergic to the fleas themselves.
• The bite of only one flea can cause a severe reaction to
an allergic animal.
• Severe itching
• Chewing and biting of the tail, rump, back legs and occasionally front legs
• Lick granuloma from chewing
• Excessive hair loss
• Small red papules
with reddish-brown crusts
• Hot spots - What are flea allergy dermatitis symptoms?
FAD - The following are symptoms of what?
• Severe itching
• Chewing and biting of the tail, rump, back legs and occasionally front legs
• Lick granuloma from chewing
• Excessive hair loss
• Small red papules
,with reddish-brown crusts
• Hot spots
flea dirt - Looks like small, black dandruff. Can place on wet paper towel and will turn
red/reddish brown color.
hematophagous - Feed on blood.
infestation in the house, sting people, need to treat entire house - What happens if you
don't control fleas?
pupae - What is the most difficult stage of the flea to kill?
animals can be allergic, can itch until they bleed, fleas can spread to home and humans, serve as
vectors of disease - Why is it important to control fleas?
animal, environment - Effective flea control treatment should target the ___ and its ____.
flea eradication - What is the main therapy for fleas?
8, 6 - Adult and nymph ticks have ___ legs while larvae have ___.
warmth, physical contact, odors - What attracts ticks to animals?
irritation to the skin around the area of the bite, itchiness, head-shaking (ears), sometimes even
paralysis
• Fever, appetite loss, pain, lethargy and depression - signs of tick bites
can carry infectious diseases to animals and people - Why should ticks be controlled?
bull's eye - What do a lot of tick bites end up looking like?
hard, soft - What are the two categories of ticks?
hard - These ticks have a shield-like plate ("scutum") that covers part of its back. If you
look at a hard tick from top down: capitulum, which looks like a head.
scutum - A hard tick's shield like plate.
soft - These ticks do not have a scutum; the only parts of it you can see when you look at
it from above are its back and legs.
mouthparts - What ticks use to pierce their hosts' skin and extract blood,
,nests, burrows, drop down - Soft ticks generally live in animals' ____ or ___ or ____ on
hosts.
questing - Tick stretching clawed limbs outward and waiting for host to pass by and hang
onto it.
no - Can hard ticks jump or drop down on hosts?
one-host - Type of hard tick that finds a host as larvae and stays on that host for their
whole lives.
two-host - Type of hard tick that matures from larvae to nymphs on one host, then find a
2nd, larger host as adults
three-host - Type of hard tick that feeds and drops to the ground at each stage of their
lives.
lyme, ehrilicia, anaplasma, RMSF, bartonella, babesia - What are some diseases ticks can
transfer?
no - Do infected dogs always show signs of irritation at the tick bite site?
suppress - Some ticks have adapted to ______ the host animal's response, making their
bites relatively painless.
tick paralysis - Salivary neurotoxin produced by certain species of female tick
• Lower motor neuron paralysis: a loss of voluntary movement (a disease of the nerves that
connect the spinal cord and muscles)
• With lower motor neuron paralysis the muscles stay in an apparent state of relaxation.
• Symptoms: ~ 6-9 days after a tick attached to the dog; seasonal disease (summer time)
• More commonly seen in dogs than in cats;
US cat appear to have
a resistance to
the tick toxin. http://www.aqob.com.au/details.php?p_id=454
movement - What do the upper motor neurons, in the brain, control?
tone of muscles - What do the lower motor neurons in the periphery of the CNS contol?
, lower motor neuron paralysis - May be a result of tick bite paralysis. a loss of voluntary
movement (a disease of the nerves that connect the spinal cord and muscles).
6-9 - Tick bite paralysis symptoms typically occur how many days after a tick attaches to
the dog?
dogs - Is tick paralysis more commonly seen in dogs or cats?
sialosis - Excessive drooling.
dysphonia - Disorder of voice.
asphyxia - Respiratory muscle paralysis.
inability to vocalize normally, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, grunting, regurgitation,
vomiting, dilated pupils, coughing and gagging due to an inability to swallow - What are
signs of tick paralysis?
send to lab - What you should do after removing a tick?
use tweezers to grab tick close to skin, slowly pull straight out - How do you remove a
tick?
topicals, rinses, collars, pharmaceutical tick preventatives, avoiding outdoor areas that harbor
ticks, can get vx against tick diseases - How can you control ticks?
mites - Normal inhabitants of dog skin. Typically acquired from dam while suckling. Most
pups will not show any clinical symptoms; if they do, most cases resolve before 1 yr of age.
red mange - Caused by mites. Localized form; a small patch (or patches) of alopecia, skin
can be slightly crusty; it can heal without treatment
• Generalized form; large areas of the dog's skin; a more severe form but, in dogs under 1 yr,
recovery can be complete; adult.
localized - In this form of red mange- a small patch (or patches) of alopecia, skin can be
slightly crusty; it can heal without treatment
generalized - In this form of red mange- large areas of the dog's skin; a more severe form
but, in dogs under 1 yr, recovery can be complete; adult dog: debilitating/neoplastic diseases
skin scraping - How do you diagnose mange?
no - Is red mange itchy?
ANSWERS
mites, fleas, ticks - What are the most common external parasites in pets?
fleas - The most common cause of itching in dogs and cats.
saliva - What part of the flea are some animals allergic to, causing them to scratch?
flea allergy dermatitis (FAD)/flea bite hypersensitivity - Very itchy disease that can lead to
secondary skin infections.
• Fleas inject saliva that contains a variety irritating and/or allergy-causing substances (e.g.
histamine-like compounds, enzymes, polypeptides, amino acids)
• Pets are not allergic to the fleas themselves.
• The bite of only one flea can cause a severe reaction to
an allergic animal.
• Severe itching
• Chewing and biting of the tail, rump, back legs and occasionally front legs
• Lick granuloma from chewing
• Excessive hair loss
• Small red papules
with reddish-brown crusts
• Hot spots - What are flea allergy dermatitis symptoms?
FAD - The following are symptoms of what?
• Severe itching
• Chewing and biting of the tail, rump, back legs and occasionally front legs
• Lick granuloma from chewing
• Excessive hair loss
• Small red papules
,with reddish-brown crusts
• Hot spots
flea dirt - Looks like small, black dandruff. Can place on wet paper towel and will turn
red/reddish brown color.
hematophagous - Feed on blood.
infestation in the house, sting people, need to treat entire house - What happens if you
don't control fleas?
pupae - What is the most difficult stage of the flea to kill?
animals can be allergic, can itch until they bleed, fleas can spread to home and humans, serve as
vectors of disease - Why is it important to control fleas?
animal, environment - Effective flea control treatment should target the ___ and its ____.
flea eradication - What is the main therapy for fleas?
8, 6 - Adult and nymph ticks have ___ legs while larvae have ___.
warmth, physical contact, odors - What attracts ticks to animals?
irritation to the skin around the area of the bite, itchiness, head-shaking (ears), sometimes even
paralysis
• Fever, appetite loss, pain, lethargy and depression - signs of tick bites
can carry infectious diseases to animals and people - Why should ticks be controlled?
bull's eye - What do a lot of tick bites end up looking like?
hard, soft - What are the two categories of ticks?
hard - These ticks have a shield-like plate ("scutum") that covers part of its back. If you
look at a hard tick from top down: capitulum, which looks like a head.
scutum - A hard tick's shield like plate.
soft - These ticks do not have a scutum; the only parts of it you can see when you look at
it from above are its back and legs.
mouthparts - What ticks use to pierce their hosts' skin and extract blood,
,nests, burrows, drop down - Soft ticks generally live in animals' ____ or ___ or ____ on
hosts.
questing - Tick stretching clawed limbs outward and waiting for host to pass by and hang
onto it.
no - Can hard ticks jump or drop down on hosts?
one-host - Type of hard tick that finds a host as larvae and stays on that host for their
whole lives.
two-host - Type of hard tick that matures from larvae to nymphs on one host, then find a
2nd, larger host as adults
three-host - Type of hard tick that feeds and drops to the ground at each stage of their
lives.
lyme, ehrilicia, anaplasma, RMSF, bartonella, babesia - What are some diseases ticks can
transfer?
no - Do infected dogs always show signs of irritation at the tick bite site?
suppress - Some ticks have adapted to ______ the host animal's response, making their
bites relatively painless.
tick paralysis - Salivary neurotoxin produced by certain species of female tick
• Lower motor neuron paralysis: a loss of voluntary movement (a disease of the nerves that
connect the spinal cord and muscles)
• With lower motor neuron paralysis the muscles stay in an apparent state of relaxation.
• Symptoms: ~ 6-9 days after a tick attached to the dog; seasonal disease (summer time)
• More commonly seen in dogs than in cats;
US cat appear to have
a resistance to
the tick toxin. http://www.aqob.com.au/details.php?p_id=454
movement - What do the upper motor neurons, in the brain, control?
tone of muscles - What do the lower motor neurons in the periphery of the CNS contol?
, lower motor neuron paralysis - May be a result of tick bite paralysis. a loss of voluntary
movement (a disease of the nerves that connect the spinal cord and muscles).
6-9 - Tick bite paralysis symptoms typically occur how many days after a tick attaches to
the dog?
dogs - Is tick paralysis more commonly seen in dogs or cats?
sialosis - Excessive drooling.
dysphonia - Disorder of voice.
asphyxia - Respiratory muscle paralysis.
inability to vocalize normally, difficulty breathing, rapid breathing, grunting, regurgitation,
vomiting, dilated pupils, coughing and gagging due to an inability to swallow - What are
signs of tick paralysis?
send to lab - What you should do after removing a tick?
use tweezers to grab tick close to skin, slowly pull straight out - How do you remove a
tick?
topicals, rinses, collars, pharmaceutical tick preventatives, avoiding outdoor areas that harbor
ticks, can get vx against tick diseases - How can you control ticks?
mites - Normal inhabitants of dog skin. Typically acquired from dam while suckling. Most
pups will not show any clinical symptoms; if they do, most cases resolve before 1 yr of age.
red mange - Caused by mites. Localized form; a small patch (or patches) of alopecia, skin
can be slightly crusty; it can heal without treatment
• Generalized form; large areas of the dog's skin; a more severe form but, in dogs under 1 yr,
recovery can be complete; adult.
localized - In this form of red mange- a small patch (or patches) of alopecia, skin can be
slightly crusty; it can heal without treatment
generalized - In this form of red mange- large areas of the dog's skin; a more severe form
but, in dogs under 1 yr, recovery can be complete; adult dog: debilitating/neoplastic diseases
skin scraping - How do you diagnose mange?
no - Is red mange itchy?
