N441 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS WITH
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
Epidemiology - ANSWER The study of the disruption of disease and injury in
human populations
- Includes the examination of factors that affect the health and illness of
populations
What are the goals of epidemiology? (3) - ANSWER 1) determine the scale
and nature of human health problems
2) identify solutions to prevent disease
3) improve the health of the entire population
3 Epidemiology Elements - ANSWER Person: which groups of individuals are
affected?
Place: where is the health issue occurring
Time: over what specific time period is the health issue occurring?
*need to have all 3 to have an issue
Epidemiology Era: 1800-1850 - ANSWER Sanitary statistics phase
Epidemiology Era: 1850-1950 - ANSWER Infectious disease phase -
antibiotics and vaccines brought us in to the next phase
Epidemiology Era: 1950-2000 - ANSWER Risk factor/chronic disease phase
Epidemiology Era: current - ANSWER Ecological model/eco-epidemiology
What makes up the Epi Triangle? - ANSWER Host
Agent
Environment
, Describe the host - ANSWER the susceptible human or animal
Influenced by:
immutable factors
acquired factors
variable factors
Host: describe immutable factors - ANSWER age, race, genetic makeup
(cannot change)
Host: describe acquired factors - ANSWER something acquired that gives
immunity (e.g. vaccines)
Host: describe variable factors - ANSWER lifestyle, sleep, exercise level,
nutrition, health knowledge, motivation for achieving optimal wellness
Describe the agent - ANSWER a factor whose presence or absence causes a
disease or health problem
Agent: biological - ANSWER bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, worms, and
insects
Agent: chemical - ANSWER liquids, solids, gases, dust, or fumes
Agent: nutrient - ANSWER dietary components (excess or deficit)
Agent: physical - ANSWER mechanical forces or frictions that cause injury,
material forces, atmospheric forces, or geologic forces
Agent: psychological - ANSWER events or conditions that produce that
leading to health problems
Describe the environment - ANSWER all of the external factors that can
influence the host's vulnerability to the risk factors related to the disease
Environment: biologic - ANSWER Reservoirs - storage sites for disease-
causing agents
100% VERIFIED ANSWERS
Epidemiology - ANSWER The study of the disruption of disease and injury in
human populations
- Includes the examination of factors that affect the health and illness of
populations
What are the goals of epidemiology? (3) - ANSWER 1) determine the scale
and nature of human health problems
2) identify solutions to prevent disease
3) improve the health of the entire population
3 Epidemiology Elements - ANSWER Person: which groups of individuals are
affected?
Place: where is the health issue occurring
Time: over what specific time period is the health issue occurring?
*need to have all 3 to have an issue
Epidemiology Era: 1800-1850 - ANSWER Sanitary statistics phase
Epidemiology Era: 1850-1950 - ANSWER Infectious disease phase -
antibiotics and vaccines brought us in to the next phase
Epidemiology Era: 1950-2000 - ANSWER Risk factor/chronic disease phase
Epidemiology Era: current - ANSWER Ecological model/eco-epidemiology
What makes up the Epi Triangle? - ANSWER Host
Agent
Environment
, Describe the host - ANSWER the susceptible human or animal
Influenced by:
immutable factors
acquired factors
variable factors
Host: describe immutable factors - ANSWER age, race, genetic makeup
(cannot change)
Host: describe acquired factors - ANSWER something acquired that gives
immunity (e.g. vaccines)
Host: describe variable factors - ANSWER lifestyle, sleep, exercise level,
nutrition, health knowledge, motivation for achieving optimal wellness
Describe the agent - ANSWER a factor whose presence or absence causes a
disease or health problem
Agent: biological - ANSWER bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, worms, and
insects
Agent: chemical - ANSWER liquids, solids, gases, dust, or fumes
Agent: nutrient - ANSWER dietary components (excess or deficit)
Agent: physical - ANSWER mechanical forces or frictions that cause injury,
material forces, atmospheric forces, or geologic forces
Agent: psychological - ANSWER events or conditions that produce that
leading to health problems
Describe the environment - ANSWER all of the external factors that can
influence the host's vulnerability to the risk factors related to the disease
Environment: biologic - ANSWER Reservoirs - storage sites for disease-
causing agents
