Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
I. THE CELL .................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter 1: The Cell In Health And Illness ................................................................................... 4
Chapter 2: Cellular Injury, Adaptations, And Maladaptive Changes .......................................... 15
Chapter 3: Genetic Basis Of Disease ........................................................................................ 37
II. INTEGRATED BODY PROCESSES ................................................................................ 58
Chapter 4: Stress, Exercise, And Immobility ............................................................................. 58
Chapter 5: Obesity And Nutritional Imbalances ....................................................................... 79
III. FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS............................................. 102
Chapter 6: Pain..................................................................................................................... 102
Chapter 7: Fluid And Electrolyte Imbalances.......................................................................... 126
Chapter 8: Acid–Base Balances ............................................................................................. 150
IV. INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION ........................................................................... 173
Chapter 9: Infection And Inflammation ................................................................................ 173
Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases ............................................................................................ 198
Chapter 11: Disorders Of The Immune System ...................................................................... 220
V. HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS .................................................................................... 246
Chapter 12: White Blood Cell Disorders................................................................................. 246
Chapter 13: Infection And Inflammation ............................................................................... 280
Chapter 14: Disorders Of Platelets, Hemostasis, And Coagulation .......................................... 306
VI. DISORDERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION ......................................................... 331
Chapter 15: Arterial Disorders .............................................................................................. 331
Chapter 16, Ischemic Heart Disease And Conduction Disorders .............................................. 357
Chapter 17: Heart Failure...................................................................................................... 383
Chapter 18: Valvular Heart Disease ....................................................................................... 408
Chapter 19: Disorders Of The Venous System ........................................................................ 432
VII. PULMONARY DISORDERS ....................................................................................... 457
Chapter 20: Respiratory Inflammation And Infection ............................................................. 457
Chapter 21: Skin Disorders .................................................................................................... 482
Chapter 22: Renal Disorders ................................................................................................. 508
Chapter 23: Urological Disorders........................................................................................... 536
VIII. HORMONAL AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS ........................................................ 564
Chapter 24: Endocrine Disorders ........................................................................................... 564
Chapter 25: Diabetes Mellitus And The Metabolic Syndrome ................................................. 591
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Chapter 26: Disorders Of The Female Reproductive System ................................................... 614
Chapter 27: Disorders Of Male Reproductive System ............................................................. 636
Chapter 28: Sexually Transmitted Diseases ........................................................................... 656
IX. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER .............................................................................. 678
Chapter 29: Disorders Of The Oesophagus, Stomach, And Small Intestine .............................. 678
Chapter 30: Common Disorders Of The Large Intestine .......................................................... 702
Chapter 31: Infection, Inflammation, And Cirrhosis Of The Liver ............................................ 724
Chapter 32: Gallbladder, Pancreatic, And Bile Duct Dysfunction ............................................ 746
X. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ................................................................................... 769
Chapter 33: Cerebrovascular Disorders ................................................................................. 769
Chapter 34: Chronic And Degenerative Neurologic Disorders ................................................. 793
Chapter 35: Brain And Spinal Cord Injury .............................................................................. 815
Chapter 36: Psychobiology Of Behavioral Disorders............................................................... 837
XI. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS ............................................................................. 860
Chapter 37: Musculoskeletal Trauma .................................................................................... 860
Chapter 38: Degenerative Diseases Of The Musculoskeletal System....................................... 883
Chapter 39: Infection And Inflammatory Disorders Of The Musculoskeletal System ............... 903
XII. CANCER ................................................................................................................. 925
Chapter 40: Cancer ............................................................................................................... 925
XIII. INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS ................................................................................ 950
Chapter 41: Skin Disorders .................................................................................................... 950
Chapter 42: Burns................................................................................................................. 971
XIV. SENSORY DISORDERS ............................................................................................. 994
Chapter 43: Eye Disorders..................................................................................................... 994
Chapter 44: Ear Disorders ................................................................................................... 1016
Chapter 45: Pathophysiologic Concepts Of Aging................................................................. 1038
XV. AGING AND MULTI-SYSTEM DISORDERS............................................................... 1043
Chapter 46: Pathophysiologic Concepts Of Aging Answer Section ........................................ 1043
Chapter 47: SIRS, Sepsis, Shock, MODS, And Death ............................................................. 1059
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, Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
I. THE CELL
Chapter 1: The Cell In Health And Illness
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
Multiple Choice
Identify The Choice That Best Completes The Statement Or Answers The Question.
1. Which Statement Regarding The Sodium–Potassium Pump Is Correct?
1. The Cell’s Plasma Membrane Is More Soluble To Sodium Ions Than Potassium Ions.
2. The Concentration Of Sodium Ions Should Be Higher Inside The Cell Compartment.
3. The Concentration Of Potassium Ions Should Be Higher Outside The Cell Compartment.
4. The Active Transport Involves Pumping Out Three Sodium Ions And Pumping In Two
Potassium Ions.
ANS: 4.
Feedback:
The Sodium-Potassium Pump Actively Transports Three Sodium Ions Out And Two
Potassium Ions In, Maintaining The Necessary Concentration Gradients.
Choice 1: Incorrect; The Membrane Is More Permeable To Potassium Ions.
Choice 2: Incorrect; Sodium Ion Concentration Is Higher Outside The Cell.
Choice 3: Incorrect; Potassium Ions Are More Concentrated Inside The Cell.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 1
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
2. In The Absence Of Oxygen, Which Cellular Function Creates The Same Amount Of
Energy As Is Created In The Presence Of Oxygen?
1. Dissipation Of Pyruvic Acid
2. Initiation Of The Citric Acid Cycle
3. Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A
4. Creation Of Acidosis Via Lactic Acid
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ANS: 2.
Feedback:
In The Absence Of Oxygen, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted Into Acetyl-Coenzyme A, Which
Triggers A Series Of Reactions Known As The Krebs Cycle, Also Called The Citric Acid
Cycle.
Choice 1: Incorrect; Pyruvic Acid Does Not Create Energy.
Choice 3: Incorrect; This Step Also Requires Aerobic Conditions.
Choice 4: Incorrect; In Cellular Hypoxia, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted To Lactic Acid, Which
Is Noxious To Cells, Causing Muscle Pain And Biochemical Alterations Such As Acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Analysis
[Analysing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Difficult
3. How Many Adenosine Triphosphates (Atps) Are Produced In Aerobic Energy Metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
ANS: 3.
Feedback:
Approximately 34 Atps Can Be Generated Per Glucose Molecule During Aerobic Metabolism
Through Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Choice 1: Incorrect; Glycolysis Yields Only 2 ATP.
Choice 2: Incorrect; This Is A Specific Yield, Not Total ATP.
Choice 4: Incorrect; This Is An Overestimate.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
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I. THE CELL .................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter 1: The Cell In Health And Illness ................................................................................... 4
Chapter 2: Cellular Injury, Adaptations, And Maladaptive Changes .......................................... 15
Chapter 3: Genetic Basis Of Disease ........................................................................................ 37
II. INTEGRATED BODY PROCESSES ................................................................................ 58
Chapter 4: Stress, Exercise, And Immobility ............................................................................. 58
Chapter 5: Obesity And Nutritional Imbalances ....................................................................... 79
III. FLUID, ELECTROLYTE, AND ACID-BASE HOMEOSTASIS............................................. 102
Chapter 6: Pain..................................................................................................................... 102
Chapter 7: Fluid And Electrolyte Imbalances.......................................................................... 126
Chapter 8: Acid–Base Balances ............................................................................................. 150
IV. INFECTION AND INFLAMMATION ........................................................................... 173
Chapter 9: Infection And Inflammation ................................................................................ 173
Chapter 10: Infectious Diseases ............................................................................................ 198
Chapter 11: Disorders Of The Immune System ...................................................................... 220
V. HEMATOLOGIC DISORDERS .................................................................................... 246
Chapter 12: White Blood Cell Disorders................................................................................. 246
Chapter 13: Infection And Inflammation ............................................................................... 280
Chapter 14: Disorders Of Platelets, Hemostasis, And Coagulation .......................................... 306
VI. DISORDERS OF CARDIOVASCULAR FUNCTION ......................................................... 331
Chapter 15: Arterial Disorders .............................................................................................. 331
Chapter 16, Ischemic Heart Disease And Conduction Disorders .............................................. 357
Chapter 17: Heart Failure...................................................................................................... 383
Chapter 18: Valvular Heart Disease ....................................................................................... 408
Chapter 19: Disorders Of The Venous System ........................................................................ 432
VII. PULMONARY DISORDERS ....................................................................................... 457
Chapter 20: Respiratory Inflammation And Infection ............................................................. 457
Chapter 21: Skin Disorders .................................................................................................... 482
Chapter 22: Renal Disorders ................................................................................................. 508
Chapter 23: Urological Disorders........................................................................................... 536
VIII. HORMONAL AND REPRODUCTIVE DISORDERS ........................................................ 564
Chapter 24: Endocrine Disorders ........................................................................................... 564
Chapter 25: Diabetes Mellitus And The Metabolic Syndrome ................................................. 591
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, Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
Chapter 26: Disorders Of The Female Reproductive System ................................................... 614
Chapter 27: Disorders Of Male Reproductive System ............................................................. 636
Chapter 28: Sexually Transmitted Diseases ........................................................................... 656
IX. GASTROINTESTINAL DISORDER .............................................................................. 678
Chapter 29: Disorders Of The Oesophagus, Stomach, And Small Intestine .............................. 678
Chapter 30: Common Disorders Of The Large Intestine .......................................................... 702
Chapter 31: Infection, Inflammation, And Cirrhosis Of The Liver ............................................ 724
Chapter 32: Gallbladder, Pancreatic, And Bile Duct Dysfunction ............................................ 746
X. NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS ................................................................................... 769
Chapter 33: Cerebrovascular Disorders ................................................................................. 769
Chapter 34: Chronic And Degenerative Neurologic Disorders ................................................. 793
Chapter 35: Brain And Spinal Cord Injury .............................................................................. 815
Chapter 36: Psychobiology Of Behavioral Disorders............................................................... 837
XI. MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS ............................................................................. 860
Chapter 37: Musculoskeletal Trauma .................................................................................... 860
Chapter 38: Degenerative Diseases Of The Musculoskeletal System....................................... 883
Chapter 39: Infection And Inflammatory Disorders Of The Musculoskeletal System ............... 903
XII. CANCER ................................................................................................................. 925
Chapter 40: Cancer ............................................................................................................... 925
XIII. INTEGUMENTARY DISORDERS ................................................................................ 950
Chapter 41: Skin Disorders .................................................................................................... 950
Chapter 42: Burns................................................................................................................. 971
XIV. SENSORY DISORDERS ............................................................................................. 994
Chapter 43: Eye Disorders..................................................................................................... 994
Chapter 44: Ear Disorders ................................................................................................... 1016
Chapter 45: Pathophysiologic Concepts Of Aging................................................................. 1038
XV. AGING AND MULTI-SYSTEM DISORDERS............................................................... 1043
Chapter 46: Pathophysiologic Concepts Of Aging Answer Section ........................................ 1043
Chapter 47: SIRS, Sepsis, Shock, MODS, And Death ............................................................. 1059
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, Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
I. THE CELL
Chapter 1: The Cell In Health And Illness
Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
Multiple Choice
Identify The Choice That Best Completes The Statement Or Answers The Question.
1. Which Statement Regarding The Sodium–Potassium Pump Is Correct?
1. The Cell’s Plasma Membrane Is More Soluble To Sodium Ions Than Potassium Ions.
2. The Concentration Of Sodium Ions Should Be Higher Inside The Cell Compartment.
3. The Concentration Of Potassium Ions Should Be Higher Outside The Cell Compartment.
4. The Active Transport Involves Pumping Out Three Sodium Ions And Pumping In Two
Potassium Ions.
ANS: 4.
Feedback:
The Sodium-Potassium Pump Actively Transports Three Sodium Ions Out And Two
Potassium Ions In, Maintaining The Necessary Concentration Gradients.
Choice 1: Incorrect; The Membrane Is More Permeable To Potassium Ions.
Choice 2: Incorrect; Sodium Ion Concentration Is Higher Outside The Cell.
Choice 3: Incorrect; Potassium Ions Are More Concentrated Inside The Cell.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Recognize The Major Organelles And Their Function Within The Cell. Page: 1
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>The Sodium Potassium Pump (Na+/K+ Pump)
Integrated Process: Nursing Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level:
Comprehension [Understanding]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Moderate
2. In The Absence Of Oxygen, Which Cellular Function Creates The Same Amount Of
Energy As Is Created In The Presence Of Oxygen?
1. Dissipation Of Pyruvic Acid
2. Initiation Of The Citric Acid Cycle
3. Activation Of Acetyl-Coenzyme A
4. Creation Of Acidosis Via Lactic Acid
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, Davis Advantage for Pathophysiology Introductory Concepts and Clinical Perspectives 3rd Edition by Theresa Capriotti
ANS: 2.
Feedback:
In The Absence Of Oxygen, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted Into Acetyl-Coenzyme A, Which
Triggers A Series Of Reactions Known As The Krebs Cycle, Also Called The Citric Acid
Cycle.
Choice 1: Incorrect; Pyruvic Acid Does Not Create Energy.
Choice 3: Incorrect; This Step Also Requires Aerobic Conditions.
Choice 4: Incorrect; In Cellular Hypoxia, Pyruvic Acid Is Converted To Lactic Acid, Which
Is Noxious To Cells, Causing Muscle Pain And Biochemical Alterations Such As Acidosis.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
Client Need: Physiological Integrity: Physiological Adaptation Cognitive Level: Analysis
[Analysing]
Concept: Cellular Regulation Difficulty: Difficult
3. How Many Adenosine Triphosphates (Atps) Are Produced In Aerobic Energy Metabolism?
1. 2
2. 3
3. 34
4. 53
ANS: 3.
Feedback:
Approximately 34 Atps Can Be Generated Per Glucose Molecule During Aerobic Metabolism
Through Oxidative Phosphorylation.
Choice 1: Incorrect; Glycolysis Yields Only 2 ATP.
Choice 2: Incorrect; This Is A Specific Yield, Not Total ATP.
Choice 4: Incorrect; This Is An Overestimate.
PTS: 1 CON: Cellular Regulation
Objective: Discuss The Difference Between Aerobic And Anaerobic Metabolism. Page: 3
Heading: Cell Structure And Function>Energy Metabolism Integrated Process: Nursing
Process
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