PSYC 2235 Midterm #1 (CH. 1, 2, 5, 6)
Exam Study Guide
The philosophical approach know as ____ postulates that the mind of a child is a blank
slate.
a) empiricism
b) the interactionist model
c) original sin
d) innate goodness - ANSWER a) empiricism
According to the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau,
a) all human beings are naturally good and seek out experiences that help them to grow.
b) development is predetermine and occurs regardless of practice, training, or effort.
c) the mind of a child is a "blank slate" that can be written by adults into whatever they
want.
d) all humans are born with a selfish nature and even when people do good works, it is
for selfish reasons. - ANSWER a) all human beings are naturally good and seek out
experiences that help them to grow.
The average infant can lift his or her head from a flat surface at 2.5 months, can sit alone
at 5.5 months, can stand alone at 11 months. These developmental milestones are
known as
a) markers.
b) norms.
c) goals.
d) stages. - ANSWER b) norms.
The stages Piaget described and the theory he proposed to explain them became the
foundation of modern
a) psycho-dynamic psychology
b) genetic-developmental psychology
,c) nature-nurture theory
d) cognitive-developmental psychology - ANSWER d) cognitive-developmental
psychology
Paul Baltes proposed that
a) the most important domain of development is the cognitive domain.
b)the important changes in development are the ones that occur early in life.
c) adults are unable to compensate for physical losses as they age.
d) as human beings age, they adopt strategies that help them maximize gains and
compensate for losses. - ANSWER d) as human beings age, they adopt strategies that
help them maximize gains and compensate for losses
Scientists who study the changes in thinking, memory, problem-solving, and other
intellectual skills are interested in the ______ of development.
a) cognitive domain
b) interdisciplinary domain
c) psychosocial domain
d) social domain - ANSWER a) cognitive domain
Because inborn vulnerabilities and protective factors interact with a child's
environment,
a) the same environment has the same effects in spite of the characteristics the child
brings to the interaction.
b) the same environment can have quite different effects, depending on the
characteristics that the child brings to the interaction.
c) it is difficult to find any evidence of continuity in development.
d) any combination of vulnerabilities and protective factors is likely to produce the same
effect. - ANSWER b) the same environment can have quite different effects, depending
on the characteristics that the child brings to the interaction.
Each culture has _________________ that define(s) a sequence of normal life experiences.
a) cohort effects
b) critical periods
c) maturation rules
d) a social clock - ANSWER d) social clock
, Based on a solid theory of development, scientists can
a) shape and influence the results of an experiment.
b) generate predictions or hypotheses that can be tested.
c) make policy changes.
d) identify descriptive statements about development. - ANSWER b) generate prediction
or hypotheses that can be tested.
________________________ attempt to overcome the shortcomings of both cross-sectional
and longitudinal designs.
a) Sequential designs
b) Naturalistic observations
c) Case studies
d) Cohort studies - ANSWER a) Sequential designs
One of the weaknesses of using naturalistic observation as a research method is that
a) participants may drop out and create a bias in the results.
b) it is difficult to compose the equivalent groups needed for the research.
c) the researcher's preconceptions may bias the observations.
d) this method cannot be used to test hypotheses. - ANSWER c) the researcher's
preconceptions may bias the observations.
In 1971 Canada was the first nation in the world to make______ an official policy which
has played an important role in cross-cultural research.
a) research-based social policy
b) aboriginal reparations
c) ethnographic research
d) multiculturalism - ANSWER d) multiculturalism
The field of human development is the scientific study of
a) changes in our genetic code.
b) ageism.
c) maturational changes caused by the cohort effect.
d) age-related changes in our bodies, behavior, thinking, emotions, social relationships,
Exam Study Guide
The philosophical approach know as ____ postulates that the mind of a child is a blank
slate.
a) empiricism
b) the interactionist model
c) original sin
d) innate goodness - ANSWER a) empiricism
According to the philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau,
a) all human beings are naturally good and seek out experiences that help them to grow.
b) development is predetermine and occurs regardless of practice, training, or effort.
c) the mind of a child is a "blank slate" that can be written by adults into whatever they
want.
d) all humans are born with a selfish nature and even when people do good works, it is
for selfish reasons. - ANSWER a) all human beings are naturally good and seek out
experiences that help them to grow.
The average infant can lift his or her head from a flat surface at 2.5 months, can sit alone
at 5.5 months, can stand alone at 11 months. These developmental milestones are
known as
a) markers.
b) norms.
c) goals.
d) stages. - ANSWER b) norms.
The stages Piaget described and the theory he proposed to explain them became the
foundation of modern
a) psycho-dynamic psychology
b) genetic-developmental psychology
,c) nature-nurture theory
d) cognitive-developmental psychology - ANSWER d) cognitive-developmental
psychology
Paul Baltes proposed that
a) the most important domain of development is the cognitive domain.
b)the important changes in development are the ones that occur early in life.
c) adults are unable to compensate for physical losses as they age.
d) as human beings age, they adopt strategies that help them maximize gains and
compensate for losses. - ANSWER d) as human beings age, they adopt strategies that
help them maximize gains and compensate for losses
Scientists who study the changes in thinking, memory, problem-solving, and other
intellectual skills are interested in the ______ of development.
a) cognitive domain
b) interdisciplinary domain
c) psychosocial domain
d) social domain - ANSWER a) cognitive domain
Because inborn vulnerabilities and protective factors interact with a child's
environment,
a) the same environment has the same effects in spite of the characteristics the child
brings to the interaction.
b) the same environment can have quite different effects, depending on the
characteristics that the child brings to the interaction.
c) it is difficult to find any evidence of continuity in development.
d) any combination of vulnerabilities and protective factors is likely to produce the same
effect. - ANSWER b) the same environment can have quite different effects, depending
on the characteristics that the child brings to the interaction.
Each culture has _________________ that define(s) a sequence of normal life experiences.
a) cohort effects
b) critical periods
c) maturation rules
d) a social clock - ANSWER d) social clock
, Based on a solid theory of development, scientists can
a) shape and influence the results of an experiment.
b) generate predictions or hypotheses that can be tested.
c) make policy changes.
d) identify descriptive statements about development. - ANSWER b) generate prediction
or hypotheses that can be tested.
________________________ attempt to overcome the shortcomings of both cross-sectional
and longitudinal designs.
a) Sequential designs
b) Naturalistic observations
c) Case studies
d) Cohort studies - ANSWER a) Sequential designs
One of the weaknesses of using naturalistic observation as a research method is that
a) participants may drop out and create a bias in the results.
b) it is difficult to compose the equivalent groups needed for the research.
c) the researcher's preconceptions may bias the observations.
d) this method cannot be used to test hypotheses. - ANSWER c) the researcher's
preconceptions may bias the observations.
In 1971 Canada was the first nation in the world to make______ an official policy which
has played an important role in cross-cultural research.
a) research-based social policy
b) aboriginal reparations
c) ethnographic research
d) multiculturalism - ANSWER d) multiculturalism
The field of human development is the scientific study of
a) changes in our genetic code.
b) ageism.
c) maturational changes caused by the cohort effect.
d) age-related changes in our bodies, behavior, thinking, emotions, social relationships,
