Biol 227 Exam 5 Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Pulmonary circuit - ✔✔- Right side of heart; carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange
and returns it to the heart
- leaves through pulmonary trunk, artery
- comes through pulmonary veins
- goes into left atrium
Systemic circuit - ✔✔- left side of heart; supplies oxygenated blood to all tissues of the
body and returns it to the heart
- more blood vessels
- Enter Right atrium
- inferior and superior Vena cava
Left side of heart - ✔✔-Fully oxygenated blood arrives from lungs via pulmonary veins
-Blood sent to all organs of the body via aorta
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,Right side of heart - ✔✔-Oxygen-poor blood arrives from inferior and superior venae
cavae
-Blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk (arteries)
Base of heart - ✔✔Wide, superior portion of heart, large vessels attack here
apex of the heart - ✔✔Tapered inferior end, tilts to the left
Pericardium - ✔✔-Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.
- allows heart to beat without friction, provides room to expand, yet resists excessive
expansion
- anchored to diaphragm inferiorly and sternum anteriorly
- same as epicardium and visceral pericardium
- most deep
Parietal pericardium - ✔✔- Pericardial sac
- superficial fibrous layer of connective tissue
- deep, thin serous layer
Visceral pericardium (epicardium) - ✔✔- serous membrane that directly covers the
heart
- adipose in thick layer in some places
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,- coronary blood vessels travel through this layer
Pericardial cavity - ✔✔Space inside the pericardial sac filled with 5 to 30 ml ot
pericardial fluid
Pericarditis - ✔✔inflammation of the pericardium
Levels of the pericardium (superficial to deep) - ✔✔- Pericardial sac
- fibrous layer
- serous layer
- pericardial cavity
- epicardium
Myocardium - ✔✔- Layer of cardiac muscle proportional to work load
-muscle spirals around heart which produces wringing motion
*does all the work
*contract and put pressure on blood flow
*high to low pressure
Endocardium - ✔✔- Smooth inner lining of heart and blood vessels
* slick internal lining allows for blood to flow easy
- covers the valves surfaces and is continuous with endothelium of blood vessels
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, * simple squamos epithelium
* expose to external environment through blood
* like epithelium
Fibrous skeleton of the heart - ✔✔- Framework of collagenous and elastic fibers
*prevents heart from over-expanding
- provides structural support and attachment for cardiac muscle and anchor for value
tissue
- electrical insulation between atria and ventricles; important in timing and
coordination of contractile activity
* isolates electrical signals
Levels of the heart wall (superficial to deep) - ✔✔Epicardium, myocardium,
endocardium
Right and left atria - ✔✔- Two superior chambers
* same size as ventricles volumetrically
* not a lot of myocardium
* can expand very much
- receive blood returning to heart
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Answers 100% Pass
Pulmonary circuit - ✔✔- Right side of heart; carries blood to the lungs for gas exchange
and returns it to the heart
- leaves through pulmonary trunk, artery
- comes through pulmonary veins
- goes into left atrium
Systemic circuit - ✔✔- left side of heart; supplies oxygenated blood to all tissues of the
body and returns it to the heart
- more blood vessels
- Enter Right atrium
- inferior and superior Vena cava
Left side of heart - ✔✔-Fully oxygenated blood arrives from lungs via pulmonary veins
-Blood sent to all organs of the body via aorta
100% Pass Guarantee Emilly Charlotte, All Rights Reserved © 2025 1
,Right side of heart - ✔✔-Oxygen-poor blood arrives from inferior and superior venae
cavae
-Blood sent to lungs via pulmonary trunk (arteries)
Base of heart - ✔✔Wide, superior portion of heart, large vessels attack here
apex of the heart - ✔✔Tapered inferior end, tilts to the left
Pericardium - ✔✔-Double-layered membrane surrounding the heart.
- allows heart to beat without friction, provides room to expand, yet resists excessive
expansion
- anchored to diaphragm inferiorly and sternum anteriorly
- same as epicardium and visceral pericardium
- most deep
Parietal pericardium - ✔✔- Pericardial sac
- superficial fibrous layer of connective tissue
- deep, thin serous layer
Visceral pericardium (epicardium) - ✔✔- serous membrane that directly covers the
heart
- adipose in thick layer in some places
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,- coronary blood vessels travel through this layer
Pericardial cavity - ✔✔Space inside the pericardial sac filled with 5 to 30 ml ot
pericardial fluid
Pericarditis - ✔✔inflammation of the pericardium
Levels of the pericardium (superficial to deep) - ✔✔- Pericardial sac
- fibrous layer
- serous layer
- pericardial cavity
- epicardium
Myocardium - ✔✔- Layer of cardiac muscle proportional to work load
-muscle spirals around heart which produces wringing motion
*does all the work
*contract and put pressure on blood flow
*high to low pressure
Endocardium - ✔✔- Smooth inner lining of heart and blood vessels
* slick internal lining allows for blood to flow easy
- covers the valves surfaces and is continuous with endothelium of blood vessels
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, * simple squamos epithelium
* expose to external environment through blood
* like epithelium
Fibrous skeleton of the heart - ✔✔- Framework of collagenous and elastic fibers
*prevents heart from over-expanding
- provides structural support and attachment for cardiac muscle and anchor for value
tissue
- electrical insulation between atria and ventricles; important in timing and
coordination of contractile activity
* isolates electrical signals
Levels of the heart wall (superficial to deep) - ✔✔Epicardium, myocardium,
endocardium
Right and left atria - ✔✔- Two superior chambers
* same size as ventricles volumetrically
* not a lot of myocardium
* can expand very much
- receive blood returning to heart
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