Examl 3:l NSG121/l NSGl 121l (Latestl 2025/l
2026l Update)l Healthl Assessmentl Guide|l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Herzing
Q:l Assessmentl ofl carotidl arteries
Answer:
▪Inspectionl -l contourl shouldl bel smooth,l andl equall bilaterally
▪Palpationl -l onel atl al time.l Palpatingl theml togetherl posesl al riskl forl obstructingl bothl
arteries.l 2+/4+l scalel bilaterally
▪Auscultationl -l performedl inl casesl ofl suspectedl narrowing.l Usel thel belll tol hearl thel
lowerl pitchedl soundl ofl thel bruit.l Havel thel clientl holdl hisl orl herl breathl whilel
auscultatingl tol avoidl interferencel ofl breathl sounds.
Q:l Assessingl riskl factorsl forl heartl disease
Answer:
1.l Smokers
2.l Overweightl orl obese
3.l Lowl levell ofl activity
4.l Dietl (lowl inl fruitsl andl vegetablesl andl highl inl fat)
5.l Alcoholl (Morel thanl twol drinksl forl menl andl onel drinkl ofl alcoholl perl dayl forl
women)
6.l Recreationall drugs
Q:l Commonl Cardiovascularl Symptoms
Answer:
,Chestl pain,l Dyspnea,l orthopnea,l andl cough,l Diaphoresis,l Fatigue,l Edema,l Nocturia,l
Palpitations
Q:l Symptomsl ofl peripherall arteriall diseasel -l Painl duringl Rest
Answer:
Painl thatl awakensl patientsl froml sleep.l Thel patientl withl PADl oftenl describesl feelingl thel
needl tol hangl thel footl ofl thel affectedl extremityl overl thel sidel ofl thel bed.
Q:l Normall Lub,l S1
Answer:
correlatesl withl thel beginningl ofl systole.l Closurel ofl thel atrioventricularl (mitrall andl
tricuspid)l valves
Q:l Normall Dub,l S2
Answer:
Correlatesl withl thel endl ofl systolel andl beginningl ofl diastole.l Causedl byl thel closurel ofl
aorticl andl pulmonicl valves,l markingl thel endl ofl systole.
Q:l Normall Erb'sl Point
Answer:
3rdl Intercostall space,l leftl sternall border.l S1l andl S2l heardl equallyl here.
Q:l Pittingl Edemal Scale
,Answer:
+1:l Slightl pitting,l 2-mml depression
+2:l Increasedl pitting,l 4-mml depression
+3:l Deeperl pitting,l 6-mml depression;l obviousl edemal ofl extremity
+4:l Severel pitting,l 8-mml depression;l extremityl appearsl veryl edematous
Q:l Abnormall S3
Answer:
Occursl duringl thel earlyl diastolicl ventricularl fillingl phase,l immediatelyl afterl S2.l Bloodl
rushesl intol ventriclesl abnormallyl resistantl tol filling,l distendingl thel ventricularl wallsl andl
causingl vibration.l S3l isl quiet,l lowl pitched,l andl oftenl difficultl tol hear
Q:l Abnormall S4
Answer:
Heardl latel inl diastolel immediatelyl beforel S1.l Vibrationsl causesl byl abnormall resistancel
tol ventricularl filling,l whenl thel atrial contractl (calledl atriall kick)
Q:l Murmurl =l Abnormal
Answer:
Blowingl orl swooshingl soundl thatl occursl duel tol turbulentl bloodl flowl throughl thel heartl
orl greatl vessels.l Nursel needsl tol describel thel intensity,l pitch,l patternl andl positionl ofl thel
sound.
Q:l Esophagus
, Answer:
Propelsl foodl intol thel stomach,l controlledl byl thel cardiacl sphincter—al one-wayl valvel atl
thel distall end.
Q:l Pulsel assessmentl -Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
1.l Femoral
2.Popliteall
3.l Tibialis
4.Dorsalisl
*Ifl edemal preventsl palpation,l itl mayl bel foundl withl doppler.
Q:l Deepl veinl thrombosisl (DVT)l -l Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
Bloodl clotl inl thel vein.l Patientl mayl reportl painl withl flexingl ofl calfl muscle.l Assessl forl
edema,l localizedl tendernessl andl calfl swelling
Q:l Lymphedemal -l Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
Canl causel thickened,l reddened,l non-painfull UNILATERALl edema.
Q:l Advancedl Cardiacl Assessment
Answer:
▪Inspectl hepatojugularl reflux
2026l Update)l Healthl Assessmentl Guide|l
Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l 100%l
Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l Herzing
Q:l Assessmentl ofl carotidl arteries
Answer:
▪Inspectionl -l contourl shouldl bel smooth,l andl equall bilaterally
▪Palpationl -l onel atl al time.l Palpatingl theml togetherl posesl al riskl forl obstructingl bothl
arteries.l 2+/4+l scalel bilaterally
▪Auscultationl -l performedl inl casesl ofl suspectedl narrowing.l Usel thel belll tol hearl thel
lowerl pitchedl soundl ofl thel bruit.l Havel thel clientl holdl hisl orl herl breathl whilel
auscultatingl tol avoidl interferencel ofl breathl sounds.
Q:l Assessingl riskl factorsl forl heartl disease
Answer:
1.l Smokers
2.l Overweightl orl obese
3.l Lowl levell ofl activity
4.l Dietl (lowl inl fruitsl andl vegetablesl andl highl inl fat)
5.l Alcoholl (Morel thanl twol drinksl forl menl andl onel drinkl ofl alcoholl perl dayl forl
women)
6.l Recreationall drugs
Q:l Commonl Cardiovascularl Symptoms
Answer:
,Chestl pain,l Dyspnea,l orthopnea,l andl cough,l Diaphoresis,l Fatigue,l Edema,l Nocturia,l
Palpitations
Q:l Symptomsl ofl peripherall arteriall diseasel -l Painl duringl Rest
Answer:
Painl thatl awakensl patientsl froml sleep.l Thel patientl withl PADl oftenl describesl feelingl thel
needl tol hangl thel footl ofl thel affectedl extremityl overl thel sidel ofl thel bed.
Q:l Normall Lub,l S1
Answer:
correlatesl withl thel beginningl ofl systole.l Closurel ofl thel atrioventricularl (mitrall andl
tricuspid)l valves
Q:l Normall Dub,l S2
Answer:
Correlatesl withl thel endl ofl systolel andl beginningl ofl diastole.l Causedl byl thel closurel ofl
aorticl andl pulmonicl valves,l markingl thel endl ofl systole.
Q:l Normall Erb'sl Point
Answer:
3rdl Intercostall space,l leftl sternall border.l S1l andl S2l heardl equallyl here.
Q:l Pittingl Edemal Scale
,Answer:
+1:l Slightl pitting,l 2-mml depression
+2:l Increasedl pitting,l 4-mml depression
+3:l Deeperl pitting,l 6-mml depression;l obviousl edemal ofl extremity
+4:l Severel pitting,l 8-mml depression;l extremityl appearsl veryl edematous
Q:l Abnormall S3
Answer:
Occursl duringl thel earlyl diastolicl ventricularl fillingl phase,l immediatelyl afterl S2.l Bloodl
rushesl intol ventriclesl abnormallyl resistantl tol filling,l distendingl thel ventricularl wallsl andl
causingl vibration.l S3l isl quiet,l lowl pitched,l andl oftenl difficultl tol hear
Q:l Abnormall S4
Answer:
Heardl latel inl diastolel immediatelyl beforel S1.l Vibrationsl causesl byl abnormall resistancel
tol ventricularl filling,l whenl thel atrial contractl (calledl atriall kick)
Q:l Murmurl =l Abnormal
Answer:
Blowingl orl swooshingl soundl thatl occursl duel tol turbulentl bloodl flowl throughl thel heartl
orl greatl vessels.l Nursel needsl tol describel thel intensity,l pitch,l patternl andl positionl ofl thel
sound.
Q:l Esophagus
, Answer:
Propelsl foodl intol thel stomach,l controlledl byl thel cardiacl sphincter—al one-wayl valvel atl
thel distall end.
Q:l Pulsel assessmentl -Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
1.l Femoral
2.Popliteall
3.l Tibialis
4.Dorsalisl
*Ifl edemal preventsl palpation,l itl mayl bel foundl withl doppler.
Q:l Deepl veinl thrombosisl (DVT)l -l Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
Bloodl clotl inl thel vein.l Patientl mayl reportl painl withl flexingl ofl calfl muscle.l Assessl forl
edema,l localizedl tendernessl andl calfl swelling
Q:l Lymphedemal -l Lowerl extremityl assessment
Answer:
Canl causel thickened,l reddened,l non-painfull UNILATERALl edema.
Q:l Advancedl Cardiacl Assessment
Answer:
▪Inspectl hepatojugularl reflux
