National Pilates Cert Exam with
Questions and Answers
glaucoma - ANSWER eye disease associated with increased pressure within the eye
-can lead to vision loss or blindness
-exercises that cause extra pressure should be avoided
-avoid inversions and breath holding
multiple sclerosis (MS) - ANSWER autoimmune disease that affects the central
nervous system
-symptoms include balance and coordination deficits, dizziness and vertigo,
temperature sensitivity, depression, fatigue, memory/attention/cognitive deficits,
numbness, pain, spasticity, vision problems, and bladder and bowel dysfunction
-avoid overexertion, heavy resistance training, fatigue, and extreme hot or
cold environments
-be careful with balance exercise
Osteoarthritis - ANSWER degenerative joint disease
-slow, progressive degeneration of join structures that can lead to loss of
mobility, chronic pain, deformity, and loss of function
-develops over time in response to mechanical stress, malalignment, or wear and tear
, -avoid high impact exercise
-continue doing pain free resistance training, flexibility, and rom activities AKA pilates
osteoporosis - ANSWER skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and
deterioration of bone tissue, especially affecting the vertebral bodies, neck of femur
and end of the wrist
-leads to bone fragility and increased fracture risk
-avoid exercises that involve spinal flexion, end range rotation and side bending
pregnancy - ANSWER -need medical clearance
-avoid exercises like inversions, lying flat on back or putting pressure on abs during
first trimester
-avoid end range movements
-consult doctor if you have dizziness, vision changes, lightheadedness, or unusual pain
end range movement - ANSWER moving a joint towards its passive end range of motion
rheumatoid arthritis - ANSWER systemic, chronic inflammatory disease affecting
the connective tissue, the joints and tendon sheaths
-onset and progression vary from mild joint symptoms w/ aching and stuffness to pain,
swelling, stiffnes and progressive deformity
-work with pain free rom and modify during flare ups
holistic approach - ANSWER teachers are encouraged to emphasize the
relationship between body parts over focusing on individual muscles
deep core muscles - ANSWER transverse abdominus
deep multifidus
Questions and Answers
glaucoma - ANSWER eye disease associated with increased pressure within the eye
-can lead to vision loss or blindness
-exercises that cause extra pressure should be avoided
-avoid inversions and breath holding
multiple sclerosis (MS) - ANSWER autoimmune disease that affects the central
nervous system
-symptoms include balance and coordination deficits, dizziness and vertigo,
temperature sensitivity, depression, fatigue, memory/attention/cognitive deficits,
numbness, pain, spasticity, vision problems, and bladder and bowel dysfunction
-avoid overexertion, heavy resistance training, fatigue, and extreme hot or
cold environments
-be careful with balance exercise
Osteoarthritis - ANSWER degenerative joint disease
-slow, progressive degeneration of join structures that can lead to loss of
mobility, chronic pain, deformity, and loss of function
-develops over time in response to mechanical stress, malalignment, or wear and tear
, -avoid high impact exercise
-continue doing pain free resistance training, flexibility, and rom activities AKA pilates
osteoporosis - ANSWER skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and
deterioration of bone tissue, especially affecting the vertebral bodies, neck of femur
and end of the wrist
-leads to bone fragility and increased fracture risk
-avoid exercises that involve spinal flexion, end range rotation and side bending
pregnancy - ANSWER -need medical clearance
-avoid exercises like inversions, lying flat on back or putting pressure on abs during
first trimester
-avoid end range movements
-consult doctor if you have dizziness, vision changes, lightheadedness, or unusual pain
end range movement - ANSWER moving a joint towards its passive end range of motion
rheumatoid arthritis - ANSWER systemic, chronic inflammatory disease affecting
the connective tissue, the joints and tendon sheaths
-onset and progression vary from mild joint symptoms w/ aching and stuffness to pain,
swelling, stiffnes and progressive deformity
-work with pain free rom and modify during flare ups
holistic approach - ANSWER teachers are encouraged to emphasize the
relationship between body parts over focusing on individual muscles
deep core muscles - ANSWER transverse abdominus
deep multifidus
