BIOS 255 EXAM 3 (Latest ) Questions and
Answers (Verified Answers)
Functions of the Respiratory System - CORRECT ANSWER –
-Gas exchange
-Communication
-Olfaction
-Acid-Base balance
-Blood pressure regulation
-Blood and lymph flow
-Platelet production
-Blood filtration
-Expulsion of abdominal contents
Describe high compliance as it relates to healthy functions. - CORRECT ANSWER - -
ease with which the lungs and thoracic wall can be expanded
High compliance= easy expansion
Low compliance= resisted expansion
Describe IRDS ( Infant respiratory distress syndrome) and describe the interventions that
would be used to help a newborn premature baby suffering from IRDS. - CORRECT
ANSWER –
-leading cause of death in premature infants resulting from lack of surfactant
production in alveoli
-treated with artificial surfactant until they can make their own
Define antigens, epitopes and antibodies. - CORRECT ANSWER - antigens: large
molecule capable of binding to an antibody or immune cells and triggering an
immune response
epitopes: certain regions of an antigen molecule that stimulate immune responses
antibodies: reacts with an antigen and aids in protecting the body from its harmful
effects
Identify the PO2 measurements at the end of a normal inhalation ( breathing through the
nose ) in each of the following:
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolus
Nasal cavity
Trachea
, Bronchus - CORRECT ANSWER - Respiratory bronchiole: 104mm Hg
Alveolus: 104mm Hg
Nasal cavity: atmospheric @ 159mm Hg
Trachea: 104mm Hg
Bronchus: 104mm Hg
Describe the movement of O2 and CO2 in external and internal respirations and define -
CORRECT ANSWER - internal: exchange of gases between blood in systemic
capillaries and tissue cells; blood loses O2 and gains CO2
external: exchange of gases between the alveoli of the lungs and the blood in
pulmonary capillaries across the respiratory membrane; pulmonary capillary blood
gains O2 and loses CO2.
Pulmonary Ventilation - CORRECT ANSWER –
-breathing
-Inspiration (inhaling) & Expiration (exhaling) of air and involves the exchange of
air between the atmosphere and the alveoli of the lungs
Cellular Respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - Process that releases energy by
breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Effects of Temperature and pH on Oxygen dissociation curves (Figure 22.26 (a) Figure
22.26(b)) - CORRECT ANSWER -
Macrophages - CORRECT ANSWER –
-Phagocytize tissue debris, dead neutrophils, bacteria, and other foreign matter
-Process foreign matter and display antigenic fragments to certain T cells alerting
immune system to the presence of the enemy
T lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - directly attack and destroy diseased or
foreign cells, and the immune system remembers the antigens of those invaders
and prevents them from causing disease in the future
Natural killer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - large lymphocytes that attack and destroy
bacteria, transplanted tissue, host cells infected with viruses or that have turned
cancerous
Answers (Verified Answers)
Functions of the Respiratory System - CORRECT ANSWER –
-Gas exchange
-Communication
-Olfaction
-Acid-Base balance
-Blood pressure regulation
-Blood and lymph flow
-Platelet production
-Blood filtration
-Expulsion of abdominal contents
Describe high compliance as it relates to healthy functions. - CORRECT ANSWER - -
ease with which the lungs and thoracic wall can be expanded
High compliance= easy expansion
Low compliance= resisted expansion
Describe IRDS ( Infant respiratory distress syndrome) and describe the interventions that
would be used to help a newborn premature baby suffering from IRDS. - CORRECT
ANSWER –
-leading cause of death in premature infants resulting from lack of surfactant
production in alveoli
-treated with artificial surfactant until they can make their own
Define antigens, epitopes and antibodies. - CORRECT ANSWER - antigens: large
molecule capable of binding to an antibody or immune cells and triggering an
immune response
epitopes: certain regions of an antigen molecule that stimulate immune responses
antibodies: reacts with an antigen and aids in protecting the body from its harmful
effects
Identify the PO2 measurements at the end of a normal inhalation ( breathing through the
nose ) in each of the following:
Respiratory bronchiole
Alveolus
Nasal cavity
Trachea
, Bronchus - CORRECT ANSWER - Respiratory bronchiole: 104mm Hg
Alveolus: 104mm Hg
Nasal cavity: atmospheric @ 159mm Hg
Trachea: 104mm Hg
Bronchus: 104mm Hg
Describe the movement of O2 and CO2 in external and internal respirations and define -
CORRECT ANSWER - internal: exchange of gases between blood in systemic
capillaries and tissue cells; blood loses O2 and gains CO2
external: exchange of gases between the alveoli of the lungs and the blood in
pulmonary capillaries across the respiratory membrane; pulmonary capillary blood
gains O2 and loses CO2.
Pulmonary Ventilation - CORRECT ANSWER –
-breathing
-Inspiration (inhaling) & Expiration (exhaling) of air and involves the exchange of
air between the atmosphere and the alveoli of the lungs
Cellular Respiration - CORRECT ANSWER - Process that releases energy by
breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
Effects of Temperature and pH on Oxygen dissociation curves (Figure 22.26 (a) Figure
22.26(b)) - CORRECT ANSWER -
Macrophages - CORRECT ANSWER –
-Phagocytize tissue debris, dead neutrophils, bacteria, and other foreign matter
-Process foreign matter and display antigenic fragments to certain T cells alerting
immune system to the presence of the enemy
T lymphocytes - CORRECT ANSWER - directly attack and destroy diseased or
foreign cells, and the immune system remembers the antigens of those invaders
and prevents them from causing disease in the future
Natural killer cells - CORRECT ANSWER - large lymphocytes that attack and destroy
bacteria, transplanted tissue, host cells infected with viruses or that have turned
cancerous
