Bio250 Final Questions with Accurate Solutions
What is life history? What causes differences in life histories?
A branch of evolutionary biology that seeks to explain anatomy that explores evolution of
reproduction and lifespan of individuals
Differences in life histories are due to how organisms allocate resources and energy
What are the 6 steps to treating the ophelia syndrome
1. Seek Out great teachers
2. Dare to know and trust yourself
3. Learn to live with uncertainty
4. Practice Dialectical thinking
5. Foster idle Thinking
6. Plan to Step Out of Bounds
Who is the Father Of Geology?
What are his main ideas?
Lyell’s Geological Principles of Succession (known as the father of Geology)
1. Superposition - bottom layers are older than upper layers.
2. Original horizontality - items are laid down in horizontal layers.
3. A cross-cutting structure is younger than the structure it crosses.
4. Inclusion - structure included is older than the structure that holds it.
5. Uniformitarianism - what happens now is the same as what happened in the past
Describe how antibiotic resistance can develop and be fought
There was a selective pressure for antibiotic resistance bacteria (which was the antibiotic)
As soon as they removed the selective pressure, it was no longer advantageous to be resistant,
and WT bacteria were able to outcompete the antibiotic resistant bacteria.
, Bacteria can always become resistant to antibiotics - this is why antibiotics are used less often
now.
What is the tradeoff hypothesis of virulence?
Trade-off hypothesis - The higher the transmission rate, the more virulent the pathogen
High transmission rate (Vector born) = not limited by host to be transmitted, very virulent.
What is mismatch disease?
We are not optimally evolved to be fit for our current environment (usually caused by lifestyle
and diet)
We no longer live in our historical environment and we change our environment too rapidly to
become adapted.
Why we have things like: obesity, diabetes, depression, Myopia etc....
Describe the smoke detector hypothesis
One of the main theories here is the smoke detector hypothesis: It is better to be very sensitive
and have a lot of false alarms than to be caught off guard (and potentially die)
Possibly why we stress about small things, which can lead to other more serious disorders
Helps us determine when drugs should be used that block these defenses
List some reasons for an increase in anxiety.
Greater focus on extrinsic needs (wealth, cars, looks) than intrinsic needs (joy from family and
association with friends) 🡪 because our basic needs for shelter and food are met, we focus on
other things instead.
Greater focus on the pursuit of money, looks, and higher status - drastically different social
system than ancient humans
Living alone is increasingly common 🡪 humans are social being. We didn't evolve for social
isolation. And yet, here we are with COVID-19.
Social media 🡪 the more social media you use (in terms of time and the number of platforms)
the higher rates of anxiety you typically experience.
What is life history? What causes differences in life histories?
A branch of evolutionary biology that seeks to explain anatomy that explores evolution of
reproduction and lifespan of individuals
Differences in life histories are due to how organisms allocate resources and energy
What are the 6 steps to treating the ophelia syndrome
1. Seek Out great teachers
2. Dare to know and trust yourself
3. Learn to live with uncertainty
4. Practice Dialectical thinking
5. Foster idle Thinking
6. Plan to Step Out of Bounds
Who is the Father Of Geology?
What are his main ideas?
Lyell’s Geological Principles of Succession (known as the father of Geology)
1. Superposition - bottom layers are older than upper layers.
2. Original horizontality - items are laid down in horizontal layers.
3. A cross-cutting structure is younger than the structure it crosses.
4. Inclusion - structure included is older than the structure that holds it.
5. Uniformitarianism - what happens now is the same as what happened in the past
Describe how antibiotic resistance can develop and be fought
There was a selective pressure for antibiotic resistance bacteria (which was the antibiotic)
As soon as they removed the selective pressure, it was no longer advantageous to be resistant,
and WT bacteria were able to outcompete the antibiotic resistant bacteria.
, Bacteria can always become resistant to antibiotics - this is why antibiotics are used less often
now.
What is the tradeoff hypothesis of virulence?
Trade-off hypothesis - The higher the transmission rate, the more virulent the pathogen
High transmission rate (Vector born) = not limited by host to be transmitted, very virulent.
What is mismatch disease?
We are not optimally evolved to be fit for our current environment (usually caused by lifestyle
and diet)
We no longer live in our historical environment and we change our environment too rapidly to
become adapted.
Why we have things like: obesity, diabetes, depression, Myopia etc....
Describe the smoke detector hypothesis
One of the main theories here is the smoke detector hypothesis: It is better to be very sensitive
and have a lot of false alarms than to be caught off guard (and potentially die)
Possibly why we stress about small things, which can lead to other more serious disorders
Helps us determine when drugs should be used that block these defenses
List some reasons for an increase in anxiety.
Greater focus on extrinsic needs (wealth, cars, looks) than intrinsic needs (joy from family and
association with friends) 🡪 because our basic needs for shelter and food are met, we focus on
other things instead.
Greater focus on the pursuit of money, looks, and higher status - drastically different social
system than ancient humans
Living alone is increasingly common 🡪 humans are social being. We didn't evolve for social
isolation. And yet, here we are with COVID-19.
Social media 🡪 the more social media you use (in terms of time and the number of platforms)
the higher rates of anxiety you typically experience.
