COTAC Exam 3 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025 Graded A+
What makes up the central nervous system? - Answers brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system? - Answers cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic
nervous system
What is the function of dendrites? - Answers receive electrochemical messages
What is a "ganglia"? - Answers cluster of nerve cells
What is the synapse of a neuron? - Answers junction between cells that neurotransmitters cross
What is the function of norepinephrine? - Answers concentration
What is the function of dopamine? - Answers pleasure
What is the function of acetylcholine? - Answers attention
What is the function of glutamate? - Answers memory
What 4 things do you need to examine in the nervous system? - Answers muscles, sensory, reflexes,
coordination & balance
How do you assess balance and coordination? - Answers pronate/supine hands, thumb to fingers,
ambulation (ataxia), romberg test
What is a SPECT scan? - Answers 3D pet scan
How is myelography performed? - Answers dye is put in the subarachnoid space
How is an evoked potential study done? - Answers EEG is done while stimulating the brain
What is an EMG used for? - Answers tests electrical activity in muscles
What is done during a blood patch? - Answers a small amount of blood is injected into the epidural
space
What does is mean when a patient is in an akinetic mutism state? - Answers unarousable, no movement
what causes locked-in syndrome? - Answers lesion on the pons, causing paralysis but eye movement is
intact
What are the 3 categories of the glasgow coma scale? - Answers eye movement, verbal response, motor
response
What are the scoring levels of eye movement in GCS? - Answers 4-spontaneous 3-voice 2-pain 1-none
, What are the scoring levels of verbal response in GCS? - Answers 5-oriented 4-confused 3-inappropriate
words 2-incomprihensable sounds 1-none
What are the scoring levels of motor response in GCS? - Answers 6-obeys commands 5-localizes pain 4-
withdraws 3-flexion 2-extension 1-none
What are the priorities in a patient with ALOC? - Answers airway, breathing, circulation, neuro
precautions, normothermia, nutrition, protection
What are the 3 components of the monroe-kellie hypothesis? - Answers brain, blood, csf
ICP should stay below what? - Answers 15 mmHg
What are the causes of increased ICP? - Answers tumors, hemorrhage, increased intrathoracic pressure,
positioning and cerebral blood flow
What are early signs of increased ICP? - Answers ALOC, slow speech, agitation, delayed response
What happens when cushion's triad occurs? - Answers BP rises, HR & RR drops.
What happens when ICP is too high? - Answers cell death
What are complications of increased ICP? - Answers brain herniation, SIADH, diabetes insipidus
What devices can be used to monitor ICP? - Answers Intraventricular Catheter
Fiber Optic Catheter
Epidural Transducer or Subdural Catheter
Subdural Bolt
What are treatment options for increased ICP? - Answers surgery, osmotic diuretics, maintaining BP and
CPP, maintaining oxygen, decrease metabolic demand
What is the formula for finding CPP? - Answers CPP= MAP-ICP
What is a normal CPP? - Answers 70-100 mmHg
What medications should be given as a prophylaxis prior to brain surgery? - Answers Anticonvulsant
Osmotic Diuretic
Diuretic
Corticosteroid
Fluid Restriction
What makes up the central nervous system? - Answers brain and spinal cord
What makes up the peripheral nervous system? - Answers cranial nerves, spinal nerves, autonomic
nervous system
What is the function of dendrites? - Answers receive electrochemical messages
What is a "ganglia"? - Answers cluster of nerve cells
What is the synapse of a neuron? - Answers junction between cells that neurotransmitters cross
What is the function of norepinephrine? - Answers concentration
What is the function of dopamine? - Answers pleasure
What is the function of acetylcholine? - Answers attention
What is the function of glutamate? - Answers memory
What 4 things do you need to examine in the nervous system? - Answers muscles, sensory, reflexes,
coordination & balance
How do you assess balance and coordination? - Answers pronate/supine hands, thumb to fingers,
ambulation (ataxia), romberg test
What is a SPECT scan? - Answers 3D pet scan
How is myelography performed? - Answers dye is put in the subarachnoid space
How is an evoked potential study done? - Answers EEG is done while stimulating the brain
What is an EMG used for? - Answers tests electrical activity in muscles
What is done during a blood patch? - Answers a small amount of blood is injected into the epidural
space
What does is mean when a patient is in an akinetic mutism state? - Answers unarousable, no movement
what causes locked-in syndrome? - Answers lesion on the pons, causing paralysis but eye movement is
intact
What are the 3 categories of the glasgow coma scale? - Answers eye movement, verbal response, motor
response
What are the scoring levels of eye movement in GCS? - Answers 4-spontaneous 3-voice 2-pain 1-none
, What are the scoring levels of verbal response in GCS? - Answers 5-oriented 4-confused 3-inappropriate
words 2-incomprihensable sounds 1-none
What are the scoring levels of motor response in GCS? - Answers 6-obeys commands 5-localizes pain 4-
withdraws 3-flexion 2-extension 1-none
What are the priorities in a patient with ALOC? - Answers airway, breathing, circulation, neuro
precautions, normothermia, nutrition, protection
What are the 3 components of the monroe-kellie hypothesis? - Answers brain, blood, csf
ICP should stay below what? - Answers 15 mmHg
What are the causes of increased ICP? - Answers tumors, hemorrhage, increased intrathoracic pressure,
positioning and cerebral blood flow
What are early signs of increased ICP? - Answers ALOC, slow speech, agitation, delayed response
What happens when cushion's triad occurs? - Answers BP rises, HR & RR drops.
What happens when ICP is too high? - Answers cell death
What are complications of increased ICP? - Answers brain herniation, SIADH, diabetes insipidus
What devices can be used to monitor ICP? - Answers Intraventricular Catheter
Fiber Optic Catheter
Epidural Transducer or Subdural Catheter
Subdural Bolt
What are treatment options for increased ICP? - Answers surgery, osmotic diuretics, maintaining BP and
CPP, maintaining oxygen, decrease metabolic demand
What is the formula for finding CPP? - Answers CPP= MAP-ICP
What is a normal CPP? - Answers 70-100 mmHg
What medications should be given as a prophylaxis prior to brain surgery? - Answers Anticonvulsant
Osmotic Diuretic
Diuretic
Corticosteroid
Fluid Restriction
