TEST BANK FOR:
Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management
Eighth Edition
by Sally A. Weiss Latest Update.
,4 unit 1 ■ professionalism
characteristics of a profession
objectives outline
after reading this chapter, the student should be able to: introduction
■ explain the qualities associated with a profession professionalism
■ diff erentiate between a job, a vocation, and a profession defi nition of a profession
■ discuss professional behaviors professional behaviors
■ determine the characteristics associated with nursing as a
profession evolution of nursing as a profession
■ explain licensure and certifi cation nursing defi ned
■ summarize the relationship between social change and the the national council licensure examination
advancement of nursing as a profession licensure
■
discuss some of the issues faced by the nursing profession licensure by endorsement
■
explain current changes impacting nur’ssinfguture qualifi cations for licensure
licensure by examination
nclex-®rn
political infl uences and the advance of nursing
professionals
nursing and health-care reform
nursing today
the future of professional nursing
conclusion
,3
, 6 unit 1 ■ professionalism
introduction professionalism
it is often said that you do not know where y o du efi nition of a profession
are going until you know where you have beena. vocation or calling defi nes “meaningful work”
more than 40 years ago, beletz ( 1974 w ) rote depending on an individu’ asl point of viewdi(k
that most people thought of nurses in gender- & duff y, 2009 ). nursing started as a vocation or
linked, task-oriented terms: “a female who per-“calling.” until nightingale, most nursing occurred
forms unpleasant technical jobs and functions athsrough religious orders. to care for the ill and
an assistant to the physician” (p. 432). interesti-nfi rmed was a duty ( kalisch & kalisch, 2004 ). in
ingly, physicians in the 1800s viewed nursing aesarly years, despite the education required, nursing
a complement to medicine. according tw o ar- was considered a job or vocatiocn a(rdillo, 2013 ).
rington ( 1839 ), “. . . the prescriptions of the best providing a defi nition for a “profession” or “pro-
physician are useless unless they be timely anfdessional” is not as easy as it appears. th e term is
properly administered and attended to by the used all the time; however, what characteristics
nurse” (p. iv). defi ne a professional? according to saks ( 2012 ),
in its earliest years, most nursing care occurredseveral theoretical approaches have been applied
at home. even in 1791 when the fi rst hospitalto creating a defi nition of a profession, the older
opened in philadelphia, nurses continued to c a or ef these looking only at knowledge and expertise,
for patients in their own home settings. it tookwhereas later ones include a code of ethics, prac-
almost another century before nursing moved into tice standards, licensure, and certifi cation, as well
hospitals. th ese institutions, mostly dominated byas expected behaviorps o(st, 2014 ).
male physicians, promoted the idea that nurses nurses engage in specialized education
acted as the “handmaidens” to the better-educateda, nd training confi rmedby successfullypassing
more capable men in the medical fi eld. the national council licensure examination
th e level of care diff ered greatly in these earl(ynclex ®) and receiving a license to practice
health-care institutions. th oseoperated by the in each state. nurses follow a code of ethics and
religious nursing orders gave high-quality care rt eo cognized practice standards and a body of con-
patients. in others, care varied greatly from good totinuous research that forms and directs our practice.
almost none at all. although the image of nurses nurses function autonomously within the desig-
and nursing has advanced considerably since thenn, ated scope of practice, formulating and delivering
some still think of nurses as helpers who carry out a plan of care for clients, applying judgments, and
the physician ’ s orders. utilizing critical thinking skills in decision making
it comes as no surprise that nursing and health( cardillo, 2013 ).
care have converged and reached a crossing point.
nurses face a new age for human experience; the
very foundations of health practices and thera- professional behaviors
peutic interventions continue to be dramatically according topost( 2014 ), professional characteris-
altered by signifi cantly transformed scientifi c, tics or behaviors include:
technological, cultural, political, and social realities ■ consideration
( porter-o’grad,y 2003 ). th e global environment
needs nurses more than ever to meet the health■- empathy
■ respect
care needs of all.
■ ethical and moral values
nursing sees itself as a profession rather than a
■ accountability
job or vocation and continues with this quest for its
place among the health-care disciplines. however, ■ commitment to lifelong learning
honesty
what defi nes a profession? what behaviors are ■
expected from the members of the profession? professionalism denotes a commitment to carry
chapter 1 discusses nursing as a profession woituht specialized responsibilities and observe ethical
its own identity and place within this new and principles while remaining responsive to diverse
ever-changing health-care system. recipients (al-rubaish, 2010 ).communicating
Essentials of Nursing Leadership & Management
Eighth Edition
by Sally A. Weiss Latest Update.
,4 unit 1 ■ professionalism
characteristics of a profession
objectives outline
after reading this chapter, the student should be able to: introduction
■ explain the qualities associated with a profession professionalism
■ diff erentiate between a job, a vocation, and a profession defi nition of a profession
■ discuss professional behaviors professional behaviors
■ determine the characteristics associated with nursing as a
profession evolution of nursing as a profession
■ explain licensure and certifi cation nursing defi ned
■ summarize the relationship between social change and the the national council licensure examination
advancement of nursing as a profession licensure
■
discuss some of the issues faced by the nursing profession licensure by endorsement
■
explain current changes impacting nur’ssinfguture qualifi cations for licensure
licensure by examination
nclex-®rn
political infl uences and the advance of nursing
professionals
nursing and health-care reform
nursing today
the future of professional nursing
conclusion
,3
, 6 unit 1 ■ professionalism
introduction professionalism
it is often said that you do not know where y o du efi nition of a profession
are going until you know where you have beena. vocation or calling defi nes “meaningful work”
more than 40 years ago, beletz ( 1974 w ) rote depending on an individu’ asl point of viewdi(k
that most people thought of nurses in gender- & duff y, 2009 ). nursing started as a vocation or
linked, task-oriented terms: “a female who per-“calling.” until nightingale, most nursing occurred
forms unpleasant technical jobs and functions athsrough religious orders. to care for the ill and
an assistant to the physician” (p. 432). interesti-nfi rmed was a duty ( kalisch & kalisch, 2004 ). in
ingly, physicians in the 1800s viewed nursing aesarly years, despite the education required, nursing
a complement to medicine. according tw o ar- was considered a job or vocatiocn a(rdillo, 2013 ).
rington ( 1839 ), “. . . the prescriptions of the best providing a defi nition for a “profession” or “pro-
physician are useless unless they be timely anfdessional” is not as easy as it appears. th e term is
properly administered and attended to by the used all the time; however, what characteristics
nurse” (p. iv). defi ne a professional? according to saks ( 2012 ),
in its earliest years, most nursing care occurredseveral theoretical approaches have been applied
at home. even in 1791 when the fi rst hospitalto creating a defi nition of a profession, the older
opened in philadelphia, nurses continued to c a or ef these looking only at knowledge and expertise,
for patients in their own home settings. it tookwhereas later ones include a code of ethics, prac-
almost another century before nursing moved into tice standards, licensure, and certifi cation, as well
hospitals. th ese institutions, mostly dominated byas expected behaviorps o(st, 2014 ).
male physicians, promoted the idea that nurses nurses engage in specialized education
acted as the “handmaidens” to the better-educateda, nd training confi rmedby successfullypassing
more capable men in the medical fi eld. the national council licensure examination
th e level of care diff ered greatly in these earl(ynclex ®) and receiving a license to practice
health-care institutions. th oseoperated by the in each state. nurses follow a code of ethics and
religious nursing orders gave high-quality care rt eo cognized practice standards and a body of con-
patients. in others, care varied greatly from good totinuous research that forms and directs our practice.
almost none at all. although the image of nurses nurses function autonomously within the desig-
and nursing has advanced considerably since thenn, ated scope of practice, formulating and delivering
some still think of nurses as helpers who carry out a plan of care for clients, applying judgments, and
the physician ’ s orders. utilizing critical thinking skills in decision making
it comes as no surprise that nursing and health( cardillo, 2013 ).
care have converged and reached a crossing point.
nurses face a new age for human experience; the
very foundations of health practices and thera- professional behaviors
peutic interventions continue to be dramatically according topost( 2014 ), professional characteris-
altered by signifi cantly transformed scientifi c, tics or behaviors include:
technological, cultural, political, and social realities ■ consideration
( porter-o’grad,y 2003 ). th e global environment
needs nurses more than ever to meet the health■- empathy
■ respect
care needs of all.
■ ethical and moral values
nursing sees itself as a profession rather than a
■ accountability
job or vocation and continues with this quest for its
place among the health-care disciplines. however, ■ commitment to lifelong learning
honesty
what defi nes a profession? what behaviors are ■
expected from the members of the profession? professionalism denotes a commitment to carry
chapter 1 discusses nursing as a profession woituht specialized responsibilities and observe ethical
its own identity and place within this new and principles while remaining responsive to diverse
ever-changing health-care system. recipients (al-rubaish, 2010 ).communicating
