WGU C191: Ch 1: Intro to OS Definitions questions
with verified answers
Abstraction Ans✓✓✓-It is the act of removing unimportant details or attributes
of objects to construct more general and less complex objects.
OSs make extensive use of this by creating hierarchies of objects where multiple
operations at one level are combined into a single operation at a higher level,
thus hiding the details of the implementation and making the operation easier to
use.
ASIC Ans✓✓✓-An application-specific integrated circuit (hardware chip) that
performs its tasks without an operating system.
bit Ans✓✓✓-The basic unit of computer storage. A bit can contain one of two
values, 0 or 1.
bootstrap program Ans✓✓✓-The program that allows the computer to start
running by initializing hardware and loading the kernel.
bus Ans✓✓✓-A communication system; e.g., within a computer, a bus connects
various components, such as the CPU and I/O devices, allowing them to transfer
data and commands.
byte Ans✓✓✓-Eight bits.
client system: Ans✓✓✓-A computer that uses services from other computers
(such as a web client).
,client-server model Ans✓✓✓-A mode of computing in which a server provides
services to one or more clients. In distributed computing, a model in which a
computer acts as a resource server to other computers that are clients of those
resources.
clone Ans✓✓✓-In file systems, a snapshot that is read-write and modifiable. In
virtualization, a copy of a guest that enables another instance of the guest to run
in a separate virtual machine.
closed-source Ans✓✓✓-An operating system or other program available only in
compiled binary code format.
Microsoft Windows
cloud computing Ans✓✓✓-A computing environment in which hardware,
software, or other resources are made available to customers across a WAN, such
as the Internet, usually with APIs for management. A type of computing that
delivers computing, storage, and even applications "as a service" across a
network.
cloud computing: Ans✓✓✓-A computing environment in which hardware,
software, or other resources are made available to customers across a WAN, such
as the Internet, usually with APIs for management. A type of computing that
delivers computing, storage, and even applications "as a service" across a
network.
, compute-server system Ans✓✓✓-A server that provides an interface to which a
client can send a request for an action (e.g., read data). In response, the server
executes the action and sends the results to the client.
consolidation Ans✓✓✓-In virtualization, the practice of running multiple guests
per host, reducing the number of physical servers needed for a given workload.
CPU Ans✓✓✓-This performs machine instructions on contents of registers and
memory locations.
development kernel: Ans✓✓✓-A kernel released for developers to use, rather
than for production use.
device driver: Ans✓✓✓-An operating system component that provides uniform
access to various devices and manages I/O to those devices.
operating systems have a device driver for each device controller. This device
driver understands the device controller and provides the rest of the operating
system with a uniform interface to the device.
direct memory access (DMA) Ans✓✓✓-A resource-conserving and performance-
improving operation for device controllers allowing devices to transfer large
amounts of data directly to and from main memory.
distribution Ans✓✓✓-A release of a version of an operating system.
dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) Ans✓✓✓-The common version of
RAM, which features high read and write speeds.
with verified answers
Abstraction Ans✓✓✓-It is the act of removing unimportant details or attributes
of objects to construct more general and less complex objects.
OSs make extensive use of this by creating hierarchies of objects where multiple
operations at one level are combined into a single operation at a higher level,
thus hiding the details of the implementation and making the operation easier to
use.
ASIC Ans✓✓✓-An application-specific integrated circuit (hardware chip) that
performs its tasks without an operating system.
bit Ans✓✓✓-The basic unit of computer storage. A bit can contain one of two
values, 0 or 1.
bootstrap program Ans✓✓✓-The program that allows the computer to start
running by initializing hardware and loading the kernel.
bus Ans✓✓✓-A communication system; e.g., within a computer, a bus connects
various components, such as the CPU and I/O devices, allowing them to transfer
data and commands.
byte Ans✓✓✓-Eight bits.
client system: Ans✓✓✓-A computer that uses services from other computers
(such as a web client).
,client-server model Ans✓✓✓-A mode of computing in which a server provides
services to one or more clients. In distributed computing, a model in which a
computer acts as a resource server to other computers that are clients of those
resources.
clone Ans✓✓✓-In file systems, a snapshot that is read-write and modifiable. In
virtualization, a copy of a guest that enables another instance of the guest to run
in a separate virtual machine.
closed-source Ans✓✓✓-An operating system or other program available only in
compiled binary code format.
Microsoft Windows
cloud computing Ans✓✓✓-A computing environment in which hardware,
software, or other resources are made available to customers across a WAN, such
as the Internet, usually with APIs for management. A type of computing that
delivers computing, storage, and even applications "as a service" across a
network.
cloud computing: Ans✓✓✓-A computing environment in which hardware,
software, or other resources are made available to customers across a WAN, such
as the Internet, usually with APIs for management. A type of computing that
delivers computing, storage, and even applications "as a service" across a
network.
, compute-server system Ans✓✓✓-A server that provides an interface to which a
client can send a request for an action (e.g., read data). In response, the server
executes the action and sends the results to the client.
consolidation Ans✓✓✓-In virtualization, the practice of running multiple guests
per host, reducing the number of physical servers needed for a given workload.
CPU Ans✓✓✓-This performs machine instructions on contents of registers and
memory locations.
development kernel: Ans✓✓✓-A kernel released for developers to use, rather
than for production use.
device driver: Ans✓✓✓-An operating system component that provides uniform
access to various devices and manages I/O to those devices.
operating systems have a device driver for each device controller. This device
driver understands the device controller and provides the rest of the operating
system with a uniform interface to the device.
direct memory access (DMA) Ans✓✓✓-A resource-conserving and performance-
improving operation for device controllers allowing devices to transfer large
amounts of data directly to and from main memory.
distribution Ans✓✓✓-A release of a version of an operating system.
dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) Ans✓✓✓-The common version of
RAM, which features high read and write speeds.
