MDC 3 EXAM 2/ 2025 VERIFIED QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Which assessment finding for an older adult patient does the nurse ascribe to the
natural aging process?
A.Tightening of the vocal cords
B.Decrease in residual volume
C.Decrease in the anteroposterior diameter
D.Decrease in respiratory muscle strength
D. As a person ages, vocal cords become slack, changing the quality and strength
of the voice; the anteroposterior diameter increases; respiratory muscle strength
decreases; and the residual volume increases.
The nurse knows that under normal physiologic conditions of tissue perfusion, a
patient will have what percent of oxygen dissociate from the hemoglobin
molecule?
A.25%
,B.50%
C.75%
D.100%
ANS: B
Oxygen dissociates with the hemoglobin molecule based on the need for oxygen to
perfuse tissues. Under normal conditions, 50% of hemoglobin molecules
completely dissociate their oxygen molecules when blood perfuses tissues that
have an oxygen tension (concentration) of 26 mm Hg. This is considered a
"normal" point at which 50% of hemoglobin molecules are no longer saturated
with oxygen.
Which assessment finding does the nurse interpret that is associated most closely
with lung disease?
A.Cough
B.Dyspnea
C.Chest pain
D.Sputum production
ANS: A
Cough is a main sign of lung disease. Dyspnea (difficulty in breathing or
breathlessness) is a subjective perception and varies among patients. A patient's
feeling of dyspnea may not be consistent with the severity of the presenting
problem. Sputum production may be associated with coughing and indicate an
,acute or chronic lung condition. Chest pain can occur with other health problems,
as well as with lung problems.
If a patient's lung are not functioning very well and they are unable to remove or
blow off CO2 very well, the CO2 will build up in their system becoming
acidic, respiratory acidosis
Perfusion
is adequate arterial blood flow through the peripheral tissues (peripheral perfusion)
and blood that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major body organs (central
perfusion)
Hyperventilation, if someone is blowing off too much CO2 they become more
Alkaline, respiratory alkalosis
upper respiratory tract
nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx
Lower respiratory tract
, Lungs,Trachea, two mainstem bronchi, lobar, segmental, and subsegmental
bronchi; bronchioles; alveolar ducts; alveoli
common cause of respiratory ailments
Cigarette smoke
Nursing care of a patient experiencing upper respiratory system disorders
maintaining a patent airway to allow adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Along with a focused respiratory assessment, the nurse will utilize information
obtained from the patient and family during the admission history interview.
Information regarding the patient's history of upper respiratory disorders, smoking,
and environmental exposures will be utilized to determine the necessary testing
and treatment
Normal Changes in Aging Adults
Alveoli function decreases
Ability to cough decreases
Lungs loose residual volume, vital capacity and gas exchange decreases.
Respiratory muscles atrophy
Vascular resistance increases, capillary flow decreases
Susceptibility to infection increases.
AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
Which assessment finding for an older adult patient does the nurse ascribe to the
natural aging process?
A.Tightening of the vocal cords
B.Decrease in residual volume
C.Decrease in the anteroposterior diameter
D.Decrease in respiratory muscle strength
D. As a person ages, vocal cords become slack, changing the quality and strength
of the voice; the anteroposterior diameter increases; respiratory muscle strength
decreases; and the residual volume increases.
The nurse knows that under normal physiologic conditions of tissue perfusion, a
patient will have what percent of oxygen dissociate from the hemoglobin
molecule?
A.25%
,B.50%
C.75%
D.100%
ANS: B
Oxygen dissociates with the hemoglobin molecule based on the need for oxygen to
perfuse tissues. Under normal conditions, 50% of hemoglobin molecules
completely dissociate their oxygen molecules when blood perfuses tissues that
have an oxygen tension (concentration) of 26 mm Hg. This is considered a
"normal" point at which 50% of hemoglobin molecules are no longer saturated
with oxygen.
Which assessment finding does the nurse interpret that is associated most closely
with lung disease?
A.Cough
B.Dyspnea
C.Chest pain
D.Sputum production
ANS: A
Cough is a main sign of lung disease. Dyspnea (difficulty in breathing or
breathlessness) is a subjective perception and varies among patients. A patient's
feeling of dyspnea may not be consistent with the severity of the presenting
problem. Sputum production may be associated with coughing and indicate an
,acute or chronic lung condition. Chest pain can occur with other health problems,
as well as with lung problems.
If a patient's lung are not functioning very well and they are unable to remove or
blow off CO2 very well, the CO2 will build up in their system becoming
acidic, respiratory acidosis
Perfusion
is adequate arterial blood flow through the peripheral tissues (peripheral perfusion)
and blood that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major body organs (central
perfusion)
Hyperventilation, if someone is blowing off too much CO2 they become more
Alkaline, respiratory alkalosis
upper respiratory tract
nose, sinuses, pharynx, larynx
Lower respiratory tract
, Lungs,Trachea, two mainstem bronchi, lobar, segmental, and subsegmental
bronchi; bronchioles; alveolar ducts; alveoli
common cause of respiratory ailments
Cigarette smoke
Nursing care of a patient experiencing upper respiratory system disorders
maintaining a patent airway to allow adequate ventilation and oxygenation.
Along with a focused respiratory assessment, the nurse will utilize information
obtained from the patient and family during the admission history interview.
Information regarding the patient's history of upper respiratory disorders, smoking,
and environmental exposures will be utilized to determine the necessary testing
and treatment
Normal Changes in Aging Adults
Alveoli function decreases
Ability to cough decreases
Lungs loose residual volume, vital capacity and gas exchange decreases.
Respiratory muscles atrophy
Vascular resistance increases, capillary flow decreases
Susceptibility to infection increases.
