NURS 5315 MSK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS

NURS 5315 MSK EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS What is the role of estrogen in bone health? a) Stimulates osteoclast activity b) Inhibits RANKL production c) Reduces OPG levels d) Promotes bone resorption - Answer-b) Inhibits RANKL production Which system is disrupted in the pathophysiology of osteoporosis? a) Immune system b) RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling system c) Nervous system d) Endocrine system - Answer-b) RANK/RANKL/OPG signaling system A deficiency in which vitamin significantly contributes to osteoporosis? a) Vitamin A b) Vitamin C c) Vitamin D d) Vitamin K - Answer-c) Vitamin D Which type of fracture is most commonly associated with osteoporosis? a) Skull fractures b) Rib fractures c) Hip fractures d) Clavicle fractures - Answer-c) Hip fractures What is the impact of decreased estrogen on osteoclast activity? a) Decreases osteoclast activity b) Increases osteoclast apoptosis c) Increases osteoclast formation and survival d) No effect on osteoclast activity - Answer-c) Increases osteoclast formation and survival What role does OPG play in bone remodeling? a) Activates RANK b) Stimulates RANKL c) Inhibits RANKL by acting as a decoy receptor d) Enhances osteoclast activity - Answer-c) Inhibits RANKL by acting as a decoy receptor Which lifestyle factor contributes to the risk of osteoporosis? a) High calcium intake b) Regular weight-bearing exercise c) Sedentary lifestyle d) Balanced diet - Answer-c) Sedentary lifestyle Postmenopausal women are at higher risk for osteoporosis due to: a) Increased testosterone levels b) Decreased estrogen levels c) Decreased parathyroid hormone secretion d) Increased calcium absorption - Answer-b) Decreased estrogen levels Glucocorticoid use contributes to osteoporosis by: a) Increasing calcium absorption in the intestines b) Enhancing osteoblast activity c) Decreasing bone formation d) Promoting OPG production - Answer-c) Decreasing bone formation Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of osteoporosis? a) Elevated blood calcium levels b) Postural deformities c) Muscle hypertrophy d) Increased bone density - Answer-b) Postural deformities What is the effect of physical inactivity on bone health? a) Increases bone density b) Decreases mechanical loading on bones c) Promotes calcium absorption d) Decreases fracture risk - Answer-b) Decreases mechanical loading on bones Which of the following is true about the RANKL molecule in osteoporosis? a) It is a decoy receptor for RANK b) It inhibits osteoclast activity c) It stimulates osteoclast formation d) It is decreased in postmenopausal women - Answer-c) It stimulates osteoclast formation Excessive intake of which substance can increase osteoporosis risk? a) Fiber b) Caffeine c) Iron d) Potassium - Answer-b) Caffeine Why does a low body mass index (BMI) increase the risk of osteoporosis? a) It promotes osteoclast activity b) It is associated with lower bone mass c) It increases bone remodeling d) It enhances calcium absorption - Answer-b) It is associated with lower bone mass