Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
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Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank i i i i i i i i
Chapter 1. Cellular Biology i i i
MULTIPLECHOICE i
1. A student is observinga cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with hi
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stones. Whichof the following would also be observed bythe student?
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a. Asingle circular chromosome
i i i
b. Anucleus i
c. Free-floatingnuclear material i i
d. No organelles i
ANS:B i
The celldescribed is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nucleus; thus
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, the nucleus should be observed.
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Asingle circular chromosome is characteristic ofprokaryotic cells, which do not have histones.
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Free-floatingnuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nucleus.
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Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles descr
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ibes a prokaryotic cell.
i i i
2. A nurse is instructingthe staff about cellular functions. Whichcellular function is the nurse descri
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bingwhenan isolated cell absorbs oxygenand uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
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a. Metabolic absorption i
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
,Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
ANS:D i
The abilityofthe cell to absorb oxygenrefers to the cells functionof respiration.
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The abilityofthe cell to functionwithina societyofcells refers to its functionofcommunication.
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The abilityofthe cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells functionof metabolic absorption.
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The abilityofthe cellto synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to the cells functionof
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secretion.
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoingDNAreplication. In whichregionofthe cell would most ofthe gen
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
etic informationbe contained?
i i i
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
ANS:C i
The regionofthe cell that contains genetic material, includinga large amount ofribonucleic acid, most
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
ofthe DNA, and DNA-bindingproteins, is the nucleolus.
i i i i i i i i i
The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
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The ribosomes are involved in manufacturingofproteins withinthe cell.
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The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. Accordingto this
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model, whichof the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Peripheral membrane proteins i i
b. Integral membrane proteins i i
,Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celladhesion molecules i i
ANS:B i
Integral membrane proteins float freely inthe fluid lipid bilayer.
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Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface. Glycoproteins a
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ct as cellsurface markers.
i i i i
Celladhesion molecules are onthe outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
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5. Whichofthe followingcanbind to plasma membrane receptors?
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a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids i
d. Ligands
ANS:D i
Ligands are specific molecules that canbind withreceptors onthe cell membrane. Oxygen mo
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ves bydiffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
i i i i i i i i
Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved inbinding. Am
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phipathic lipids are a portion ofthe cell membrane.
i i i i i i i i
6. A nurse is reviewinga report froma patient with metastatic cancer. What findingwould suppo
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
rt the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations inextracellular matrixthat include:
i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Decreasedfibronectin i
b. Increased collagen i
c. Decreasedelastin i
, Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
d. Increased glycoproteins i
ANS:A i
Reduced amounts of fibronectinare found insome types of cancerous cells, allowingcancer cells to tr
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avel, or metastasize.
i i
Collagenprovides strength, and its breakdown is associated withosteoarthritis, not cancer.
i i i i i i i i i i i
Elastin is found in the lungs and allows tissues to stretch; it is not associated withcancerous cells.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
Decreased, not increased, glycoproteins are associated withcancerous cells.
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7. Whichform ofcellcommunication is used to relate to other cells indirect physical contact?
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a. Celljunction i
b. Gap junction i
c. Desmosomes
d. Tight junctions i
ANS:A i
Celljunctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass fromcell to cell.
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Gap junctions allow communication from the inside ofone cellto the inside ofanother. Desmosomes a
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re not involved incommunication, but allow cells to hold together.
i i i i i i i i i i
Tight junctions are barriers that prevent movement of some substances and leakages ofothers.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibitss ecretionof glucagon from neighboringalph
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a cells. This action is an example of whichof the followingsignalingtypes?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank i i i i i i i i
Chapter 1. Cellular Biology i i i
MULTIPLECHOICE i
1. A student is observinga cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA with hi
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
stones. Whichof the following would also be observed bythe student?
i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Asingle circular chromosome
i i i
b. Anucleus i
c. Free-floatingnuclear material i i
d. No organelles i
ANS:B i
The celldescribed is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nucleus; thus
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
, the nucleus should be observed.
i i i i i
Asingle circular chromosome is characteristic ofprokaryotic cells, which do not have histones.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
Free-floatingnuclear material describes a prokaryotic cell, which would not have a distinct nucleus.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
Eukaryotic cells have membrane bounded cellular components called organelles. No organelles descr
i i i i i i i i i i i
ibes a prokaryotic cell.
i i i
2. A nurse is instructingthe staff about cellular functions. Whichcellular function is the nurse descri
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
bingwhenan isolated cell absorbs oxygenand uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Metabolic absorption i
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
,Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
ANS:D i
The abilityofthe cell to absorb oxygenrefers to the cells functionof respiration.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
The abilityofthe cell to functionwithina societyofcells refers to its functionofcommunication.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
The abilityofthe cell to take in nutrients refers to the cells functionof metabolic absorption.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
The abilityofthe cellto synthesize new substances and secrete these elsewhere refers to the cells functionof
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
secretion.
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoingDNAreplication. In whichregionofthe cell would most ofthe gen
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
etic informationbe contained?
i i i
a. Mitochondria
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
d. Nucleus
ANS:C i
The regionofthe cell that contains genetic material, includinga large amount ofribonucleic acid, most
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
ofthe DNA, and DNA-bindingproteins, is the nucleolus.
i i i i i i i i i
The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.
i i i i i i i
The ribosomes are involved in manufacturingofproteins withinthe cell.
i i i i i i i i i i
The nucleus contains the nucleolus, and it is the nucleolus that contains genetic material.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
4. The fluid mosaic model for biologic membranes describes membrane behavior. Accordingto this
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
model, whichof the following float singly or as aggregates in the fluid lipid bilayer?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Peripheral membrane proteins i i
b. Integral membrane proteins i i
,Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
c. Glycoproteins
d. Celladhesion molecules i i
ANS:B i
Integral membrane proteins float freely inthe fluid lipid bilayer.
i i i i i i i i i
Peripheral membrane proteins are not embedded in the layer, but reside at the surface. Glycoproteins a
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
ct as cellsurface markers.
i i i i
Celladhesion molecules are onthe outside of the membrane and allow cells to hook together.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
5. Whichofthe followingcanbind to plasma membrane receptors?
i i i i i i i i i
a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
c. Amphipathic lipids i
d. Ligands
ANS:D i
Ligands are specific molecules that canbind withreceptors onthe cell membrane. Oxygen mo
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
ves bydiffusion; it does not bind to receptors.
i i i i i i i i
Ribosomes make proteins and are not involved inbinding. Am
i i i i i i i i i
phipathic lipids are a portion ofthe cell membrane.
i i i i i i i i
6. A nurse is reviewinga report froma patient with metastatic cancer. What findingwould suppo
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
rt the diagnosis of metastatic cancer? Alterations inextracellular matrixthat include:
i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Decreasedfibronectin i
b. Increased collagen i
c. Decreasedelastin i
, Understanding Pathophysiology 7th edition by Huether, McCance Test Bank Lates i i i i i i i i i
tUpdatedExaminationStudyG uide 2022
i i i i i
d. Increased glycoproteins i
ANS:A i
Reduced amounts of fibronectinare found insome types of cancerous cells, allowingcancer cells to tr
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
avel, or metastasize.
i i
Collagenprovides strength, and its breakdown is associated withosteoarthritis, not cancer.
i i i i i i i i i i i
Elastin is found in the lungs and allows tissues to stretch; it is not associated withcancerous cells.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
Decreased, not increased, glycoproteins are associated withcancerous cells.
i i i i i i i i
7. Whichform ofcellcommunication is used to relate to other cells indirect physical contact?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Celljunction i
b. Gap junction i
c. Desmosomes
d. Tight junctions i
ANS:A i
Celljunctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass fromcell to cell.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
Gap junctions allow communication from the inside ofone cellto the inside ofanother. Desmosomes a
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
re not involved incommunication, but allow cells to hold together.
i i i i i i i i i i
Tight junctions are barriers that prevent movement of some substances and leakages ofothers.
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibitss ecretionof glucagon from neighboringalph
i i i i i i i i i i i i
a cells. This action is an example of whichof the followingsignalingtypes?
i i i i i i i i i i i i i
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
