1. What protects the spinal cord?
a. Vertebrae
b. Meninges
i. Dura mater outermost
ii. Arachnoid mater
iii. Pia mater innermost
2. How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
a. 31 pairs
i. 8C
ii. 12T
iii. 5L
iv. 5Sac
v. 1 Coccyx
3. Where is the gray matter and white matter on the spinal cord?
a. Gray matter inside white matter outside
4. What are the roots of the spinal cord?
a. Dorsal - sensory
b. Ventral - motor
c. Together make up one spinal nerve
5. What do the dorsal gray horns do?
a. Afferent information
b. Autonomic
c. Take in and process sensory info
6. What do the ventral and lateral gray horns do?
a. Efferent
b. Voluntary
c. Send out motor info
7. What are the three parts of the white matter?
a. Dorsal white columns
b. Ventral white columns
c. Lateral white columns
8. What do each column contain?
a. Bundles of axons
9. What are tracts?
a. Name for bundles of axons
10. What do the ascending tracts do?
a. Send signal towards brain
11. What do the descending tracts do?
a. Send signal away from brain
12. What is the protection for the brain?
a. Cranium
b. Meninges
i. Dura mater outermost
ii. Arachnoid mater
, iii. Pia mater innermost
c. Blood brain barrier
d. Cerebral spinal fluid
13. How does the blood brain barrier work?
a. Specialized capillaries with tight junctions to prevent leaking
b. Astrocytes secret chemical to maintain tightness
c. Has specialized membrane transporters to only allow some water soluble
substances through
i. Very selective mostly glucose
ii. Brain runs on glucose only
14. What does the cerebral spinal fluid do?
a. Clear colorless
b. Chem protection
i. Optimal chem environment
c. Mechanical protection
i. Shock absorbing
d. Circulation protection
i. Gets rid of waste brings nutrient -empties to venus blood
e. Produced by choroid plexus
f. Constantly circulates to …
i. ventricles(4)
ii. Accessory structures
iii. Subarachnoid space
15. What are the parts of the brain stem from top to bottom?
a. Midbrain
b. Pons
c. Medulla oblongata
16. Parts and function of the midbrain?
a. Sustanita nigra = movement
b. Red nucleus
c. Superior and inferior colliculi = how tracts bridge into brain from SC
d. Reticular formation
17. Parts and functions of the pons?
a. Pontine respiratory group
18. Parts and functions of the medulla oblongata?
a. Cardiovascular center
b. Respiratory center
c. Autonomic processing
19. What is the function of the cerebellum?
a. Evaluates how well movements initiated by the motor area are being carried out
20. WHat are the parts of the diencephalon?
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pineal gland
a. Vertebrae
b. Meninges
i. Dura mater outermost
ii. Arachnoid mater
iii. Pia mater innermost
2. How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
a. 31 pairs
i. 8C
ii. 12T
iii. 5L
iv. 5Sac
v. 1 Coccyx
3. Where is the gray matter and white matter on the spinal cord?
a. Gray matter inside white matter outside
4. What are the roots of the spinal cord?
a. Dorsal - sensory
b. Ventral - motor
c. Together make up one spinal nerve
5. What do the dorsal gray horns do?
a. Afferent information
b. Autonomic
c. Take in and process sensory info
6. What do the ventral and lateral gray horns do?
a. Efferent
b. Voluntary
c. Send out motor info
7. What are the three parts of the white matter?
a. Dorsal white columns
b. Ventral white columns
c. Lateral white columns
8. What do each column contain?
a. Bundles of axons
9. What are tracts?
a. Name for bundles of axons
10. What do the ascending tracts do?
a. Send signal towards brain
11. What do the descending tracts do?
a. Send signal away from brain
12. What is the protection for the brain?
a. Cranium
b. Meninges
i. Dura mater outermost
ii. Arachnoid mater
, iii. Pia mater innermost
c. Blood brain barrier
d. Cerebral spinal fluid
13. How does the blood brain barrier work?
a. Specialized capillaries with tight junctions to prevent leaking
b. Astrocytes secret chemical to maintain tightness
c. Has specialized membrane transporters to only allow some water soluble
substances through
i. Very selective mostly glucose
ii. Brain runs on glucose only
14. What does the cerebral spinal fluid do?
a. Clear colorless
b. Chem protection
i. Optimal chem environment
c. Mechanical protection
i. Shock absorbing
d. Circulation protection
i. Gets rid of waste brings nutrient -empties to venus blood
e. Produced by choroid plexus
f. Constantly circulates to …
i. ventricles(4)
ii. Accessory structures
iii. Subarachnoid space
15. What are the parts of the brain stem from top to bottom?
a. Midbrain
b. Pons
c. Medulla oblongata
16. Parts and function of the midbrain?
a. Sustanita nigra = movement
b. Red nucleus
c. Superior and inferior colliculi = how tracts bridge into brain from SC
d. Reticular formation
17. Parts and functions of the pons?
a. Pontine respiratory group
18. Parts and functions of the medulla oblongata?
a. Cardiovascular center
b. Respiratory center
c. Autonomic processing
19. What is the function of the cerebellum?
a. Evaluates how well movements initiated by the motor area are being carried out
20. WHat are the parts of the diencephalon?
a. Thalamus
b. Hypothalamus
c. Pineal gland
