©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
OPOTA Final Exam (SPOs) Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
The relationship between a student performance objective and a test question - Answer✔A test
question must respond directly to an SPO and every SPO may be the basis of a test question
The ultimate reason for law enforcement training - Answer✔To be able to protect life and
property of yourself and the public
A peace officer's main goals - Answer✔1. Enforce laws
2. Preserve the peace
3. Prevent crimes
4. Protect civil rights and liberties
5. Provide services
Considerations when exercising discretion - Answer✔•Use sound judgment to determine which
laws are to be formally enforced
•Determine if there is a more constructive remedy to a situation without an arrest or citation
(e.g., referring a homeless person to a shelter rather than a trespassing arrest)
Factors necessary for the commission of a crime (crime triangle) - Answer✔1. Desire
•The motivation behind criminal behavior (e.g., financial gain, power, revenge, fear, narcotics
usage)
•This factor is the most difficult to change
2. Victim
•The potential target
•Criminals prefer an easy target that is unaware of his/her surroundings or lacking proper
security precautions
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
•Difficult to change this factor due to individual personalities
3. Opportunity
•Removing opportunity for crime with proper security measures applied to the victim's
environment (e.g., locking doors/windows, removing valuables from open view, good lighting)
•Most effective area to concentrate crime prevention strategies
Core concepts of community policing - Answer✔- a partnership between the police and the
community
- crime prevention
- organizational change of the agency
- a problem- solving approach to the police role that is proactive
Considerations for off duty situations - Answer✔1. Behavior
•An officer's behavior is often scrutinized by the community even when not on duty
•Not only does this refer to physical and verbal actions, but also online activity on social media
•An officer is expected to uphold the law enforcement code of ethics
2. Situational awareness
•An officer should make every effort to remain alert even when not working
•You never know when you may need to transition quickly from a private citizen to a peace
officer
•Make certain to preplan with your family should a situation arise while together. Create a
number of scenarios for your family to practice
•Familiarize yourself with your agency's off duty weapon policy
Be a good witness if a situation arises when police intervention is necessary
•If the situation involves a reasonable belief of serious physical harm, provide a response as
soon as practical
•However, if the situation is less serious, the best course of action is to observe the incident
until uniformed officers respond
•If you become involved, make contact withdispatch as soon as possible to provide information
about the incident and information about yourself (e.g., clothing you are wearing, car you are
driving, description of offenders and victims, pertinent officer safety information)
State the purpose of the bill of rights - Answer✔- protect an individual's freedoms
2
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
- prevent the government from interfering in protected rights
Describe the major components of the criminal justice system - Answer✔1. Law enforcement
2. Courts
3. Corrections
List the goals of sentencing - Answer✔1. punish the offender and in many cases, rehabilitate
the offender
2. Protect society
3. Restore the victim as much as possible
The concepts of lawful actions and police legitimacy - Answer✔1. Lawful - defined by laws and
standards
•Criminal law - identifies what actions are prohibited
•Rules of agency (e.g., administrative rules, general orders, standard operating procedures)
•Constitutional law (e.g., Fourth, Fifth, Sixth Amendments)
•Officers can act lawfully and within the parameters of agency policy and the citizenry still not
perceive there to be police legitimacy - there can be lawful, but awful interactions
2. Police legitimacy - exists when the public views the police as authorized to exercise power in
order to maintain social order, manage conflicts, and solve problems in the community
Three resulting judgments of police legitimacy in action that translate into positive results -
Answer✔Judgment
- Public trust and confidence in the police as being honest, trying to do jobs well, trying to
protect the community
Result - Individuals are more likely to become actively involved in police-community
partnerships
Judgment - Public willingness to defer to the law and police authority
Result - There is a correlation between those who obey the laws and those who view the police
as legitimate; in addition, those who see the police as legitimate have an increased willingness
to cooperate by reporting crimes and providing valuable information about known and
suspected offenders
Judgment - Public belief that police actions are morally justified and appropriate
3
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
Result - Citizens are more likely to cooperate and defer in moments of crisis
Circumstances when filming police officers is permissible - Answer✔•At least one party to the
encounter consents or
•When officers are carrying out their duties in public, so long as it does not interfere with the
officers carrying out their duties
The relationship between race, genetics, and physical characteristics - Answer✔•Race is a
modern concept used to classify people by similar, observable physical characteristics
•It is not, as many people think, based on genetics
•Despite surface appearances, humans are one of the most genetically similar of all species and
...
•Within the human species, there is no distinct genetic profile that completely distinguishes
one so-called race from another
•This is because most genetically influenced traits, like skin color, hair, eye shape, blood type,
athleticism, and intelligence, are inherited completely independent of one another
The connection between in-groups, out-groups and police legitimacy - Answer✔•Some
individuals interpret their encounters with police in terms of their group's societal position
rather than, or in addition to, the immediate circumstances of the police contact
Types of racism - Answer✔Individual racism - Internalized, unexpressed biases and prejudices
based on race
Interpersonal racism - Occurs between individuals. Includes public expressions of racial
prejudice and hate made by individuals
Institutional racism
•Race based discriminatory policies and treatment that are produced and perpetuated by
institutions (e.g., schools, mass media, governments, banks) that result in inequitable
opportunities and impacts
•Occurs within and between institutions
•Includes the discriminatory actions of individuals exercising the authority of the institution
(e.g., a bank loan officer, representing a banking institution, treating someone with racial bias; a
police officer, representing a law enforcement institution, treating someone with racial bias)
4
OPOTA Final Exam (SPOs) Questions And
Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
The relationship between a student performance objective and a test question - Answer✔A test
question must respond directly to an SPO and every SPO may be the basis of a test question
The ultimate reason for law enforcement training - Answer✔To be able to protect life and
property of yourself and the public
A peace officer's main goals - Answer✔1. Enforce laws
2. Preserve the peace
3. Prevent crimes
4. Protect civil rights and liberties
5. Provide services
Considerations when exercising discretion - Answer✔•Use sound judgment to determine which
laws are to be formally enforced
•Determine if there is a more constructive remedy to a situation without an arrest or citation
(e.g., referring a homeless person to a shelter rather than a trespassing arrest)
Factors necessary for the commission of a crime (crime triangle) - Answer✔1. Desire
•The motivation behind criminal behavior (e.g., financial gain, power, revenge, fear, narcotics
usage)
•This factor is the most difficult to change
2. Victim
•The potential target
•Criminals prefer an easy target that is unaware of his/her surroundings or lacking proper
security precautions
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
•Difficult to change this factor due to individual personalities
3. Opportunity
•Removing opportunity for crime with proper security measures applied to the victim's
environment (e.g., locking doors/windows, removing valuables from open view, good lighting)
•Most effective area to concentrate crime prevention strategies
Core concepts of community policing - Answer✔- a partnership between the police and the
community
- crime prevention
- organizational change of the agency
- a problem- solving approach to the police role that is proactive
Considerations for off duty situations - Answer✔1. Behavior
•An officer's behavior is often scrutinized by the community even when not on duty
•Not only does this refer to physical and verbal actions, but also online activity on social media
•An officer is expected to uphold the law enforcement code of ethics
2. Situational awareness
•An officer should make every effort to remain alert even when not working
•You never know when you may need to transition quickly from a private citizen to a peace
officer
•Make certain to preplan with your family should a situation arise while together. Create a
number of scenarios for your family to practice
•Familiarize yourself with your agency's off duty weapon policy
Be a good witness if a situation arises when police intervention is necessary
•If the situation involves a reasonable belief of serious physical harm, provide a response as
soon as practical
•However, if the situation is less serious, the best course of action is to observe the incident
until uniformed officers respond
•If you become involved, make contact withdispatch as soon as possible to provide information
about the incident and information about yourself (e.g., clothing you are wearing, car you are
driving, description of offenders and victims, pertinent officer safety information)
State the purpose of the bill of rights - Answer✔- protect an individual's freedoms
2
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
- prevent the government from interfering in protected rights
Describe the major components of the criminal justice system - Answer✔1. Law enforcement
2. Courts
3. Corrections
List the goals of sentencing - Answer✔1. punish the offender and in many cases, rehabilitate
the offender
2. Protect society
3. Restore the victim as much as possible
The concepts of lawful actions and police legitimacy - Answer✔1. Lawful - defined by laws and
standards
•Criminal law - identifies what actions are prohibited
•Rules of agency (e.g., administrative rules, general orders, standard operating procedures)
•Constitutional law (e.g., Fourth, Fifth, Sixth Amendments)
•Officers can act lawfully and within the parameters of agency policy and the citizenry still not
perceive there to be police legitimacy - there can be lawful, but awful interactions
2. Police legitimacy - exists when the public views the police as authorized to exercise power in
order to maintain social order, manage conflicts, and solve problems in the community
Three resulting judgments of police legitimacy in action that translate into positive results -
Answer✔Judgment
- Public trust and confidence in the police as being honest, trying to do jobs well, trying to
protect the community
Result - Individuals are more likely to become actively involved in police-community
partnerships
Judgment - Public willingness to defer to the law and police authority
Result - There is a correlation between those who obey the laws and those who view the police
as legitimate; in addition, those who see the police as legitimate have an increased willingness
to cooperate by reporting crimes and providing valuable information about known and
suspected offenders
Judgment - Public belief that police actions are morally justified and appropriate
3
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2:49PM A+
Result - Citizens are more likely to cooperate and defer in moments of crisis
Circumstances when filming police officers is permissible - Answer✔•At least one party to the
encounter consents or
•When officers are carrying out their duties in public, so long as it does not interfere with the
officers carrying out their duties
The relationship between race, genetics, and physical characteristics - Answer✔•Race is a
modern concept used to classify people by similar, observable physical characteristics
•It is not, as many people think, based on genetics
•Despite surface appearances, humans are one of the most genetically similar of all species and
...
•Within the human species, there is no distinct genetic profile that completely distinguishes
one so-called race from another
•This is because most genetically influenced traits, like skin color, hair, eye shape, blood type,
athleticism, and intelligence, are inherited completely independent of one another
The connection between in-groups, out-groups and police legitimacy - Answer✔•Some
individuals interpret their encounters with police in terms of their group's societal position
rather than, or in addition to, the immediate circumstances of the police contact
Types of racism - Answer✔Individual racism - Internalized, unexpressed biases and prejudices
based on race
Interpersonal racism - Occurs between individuals. Includes public expressions of racial
prejudice and hate made by individuals
Institutional racism
•Race based discriminatory policies and treatment that are produced and perpetuated by
institutions (e.g., schools, mass media, governments, banks) that result in inequitable
opportunities and impacts
•Occurs within and between institutions
•Includes the discriminatory actions of individuals exercising the authority of the institution
(e.g., a bank loan officer, representing a banking institution, treating someone with racial bias; a
police officer, representing a law enforcement institution, treating someone with racial bias)
4
