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NUR 529 Exam 2 Questions And Answers
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3 stages of hemostasis - Answer✔1. vascular constriction
2. formation of platelet plug
3. blood coagulation
Bleeding associated with platelet disorders reflects: - Answer✔decrease in platelet number
because of:
1. decreased production (bone marrow dysfunction)
2. increased destruction (thrombocytopenia)
3. impaired function of platelets (thrombocytopathia)
Spontaneous bleeding from platelet disorders often involve - Answer✔small vessels of mucus
membranes and skin:
mucus membranes of nose, mouth, GI tract, and uterine cavity
petechiae is seen exclusively with - Answer✔conditions of platelet deficiency
**not platelet dysfunction
thrombocytopenia - Answer✔Platelet < 150,000
can result from:
1. decrease in platelet production
2. increased sequestration of platelets in spleen
3. decreased platelet survival
Four primary causes of anemia - Answer✔1. excessive loss of RBC from bleeding
2. destruction (hemolysis) of RBC
1
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3. Defective RBC production
4. Inadequate RBC production because of bone marrow failure
characteristics of RBC in iron deficiency anemia - Answer✔microcytic and hypochromic
characteristics of RBC in megablastic anemai - Answer✔macrocytic and misshaped
characteristics of RBC in sickle cell disease - Answer✔abnormally shaped
blood loss anemia is characterized by - Answer✔loss of iron containing blood cells in body
hemolytic anemia is characterized by - Answer✔destruction of RBC in the body with iron being
retained
Reason for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adults - Answer✔inadequate iron available for
recycling:
-men/postmenopausal women: GI bleed from peptic ulcer, vascular lesions, intestinal polyps,
hemorrhoids, or cancer
-women childbearing age: menstruation
-pregnant women: fetal development increases iron requirements for erythropoiesis
Reason for IDA in children - Answer✔blood volume increases with greater need for iron
(proportionally higher in infancy between 3-24 months):
low iron levels at birth because of maternal deficiency and a diet consisting mainly of cow's milk
(low in absorbable iron)
Clinical Course of Infectious Mononucleosis - Answer✔-onset is insidious
-incubation period (from exposure to the development of symptoms) 4-6 weeks
-prodromal period (early stage/symptom presentation) lasts for several days and characterized
by malaise, anorexia, and chills--> precedes onset of fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy
-acute phase lasts 2-3 weeks with recovery occurring rapidly
-debility and lethargy may persist for 2-3 months
most common complication of infectious mononucleosis - Answer✔splenomegaly (50-60%
cases)
spleen enlarged 2-3 times normal size
rupture is rare; educate to avoid contact sports
2
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diagnosing infectious mononucleosis - Answer✔monospot testing for heterophile antibodies
(hallmark)
IgM and IgG increased early in disease
Manifestations of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔-painless enlargement of single node or
group of nodes (typically at level of diaphragm: neck, supraclavicular, axilla)
-mediastinal mass (c/o chest discomfort with cough or dyspnea)
-fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss
-pruritus and intermittent night fevers
Diagnosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔Reed-Sternberg cells present in biopsy of lymph
tissue
-bipedal lymphangiogram detects structural changes of lymph nodes too small to see on CT
-bilateral bone marrow biopsy performed on patient's suspected of disseminated diseases
Treatment of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔localized disease is treated with radiation
advanced disease may use combined approach of radiation, chemotherapy, and biotherapy
Definition of preload - Answer✔aka ventricular filling; considered the end-diastolic pressure
when the ventricle has been filled
represents the volume work of the heart; work or load imposed on the heart before contraction
begins & represents the amount of blood the heart must pump with every beat
Conditions that increase preload - Answer✔cardiogenic shock
mitral or aortic regurgitation
bradycardia
hypertension
dilated cardiomyopathy
heart failure
Definition of afterload - Answer✔pressure in which the muscle exerts its contractile force in
order to move blood into the aorta
3
NUR 529 Exam 2 Questions And Answers
|Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass.
3 stages of hemostasis - Answer✔1. vascular constriction
2. formation of platelet plug
3. blood coagulation
Bleeding associated with platelet disorders reflects: - Answer✔decrease in platelet number
because of:
1. decreased production (bone marrow dysfunction)
2. increased destruction (thrombocytopenia)
3. impaired function of platelets (thrombocytopathia)
Spontaneous bleeding from platelet disorders often involve - Answer✔small vessels of mucus
membranes and skin:
mucus membranes of nose, mouth, GI tract, and uterine cavity
petechiae is seen exclusively with - Answer✔conditions of platelet deficiency
**not platelet dysfunction
thrombocytopenia - Answer✔Platelet < 150,000
can result from:
1. decrease in platelet production
2. increased sequestration of platelets in spleen
3. decreased platelet survival
Four primary causes of anemia - Answer✔1. excessive loss of RBC from bleeding
2. destruction (hemolysis) of RBC
1
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:25PM A+
3. Defective RBC production
4. Inadequate RBC production because of bone marrow failure
characteristics of RBC in iron deficiency anemia - Answer✔microcytic and hypochromic
characteristics of RBC in megablastic anemai - Answer✔macrocytic and misshaped
characteristics of RBC in sickle cell disease - Answer✔abnormally shaped
blood loss anemia is characterized by - Answer✔loss of iron containing blood cells in body
hemolytic anemia is characterized by - Answer✔destruction of RBC in the body with iron being
retained
Reason for iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in adults - Answer✔inadequate iron available for
recycling:
-men/postmenopausal women: GI bleed from peptic ulcer, vascular lesions, intestinal polyps,
hemorrhoids, or cancer
-women childbearing age: menstruation
-pregnant women: fetal development increases iron requirements for erythropoiesis
Reason for IDA in children - Answer✔blood volume increases with greater need for iron
(proportionally higher in infancy between 3-24 months):
low iron levels at birth because of maternal deficiency and a diet consisting mainly of cow's milk
(low in absorbable iron)
Clinical Course of Infectious Mononucleosis - Answer✔-onset is insidious
-incubation period (from exposure to the development of symptoms) 4-6 weeks
-prodromal period (early stage/symptom presentation) lasts for several days and characterized
by malaise, anorexia, and chills--> precedes onset of fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy
-acute phase lasts 2-3 weeks with recovery occurring rapidly
-debility and lethargy may persist for 2-3 months
most common complication of infectious mononucleosis - Answer✔splenomegaly (50-60%
cases)
spleen enlarged 2-3 times normal size
rupture is rare; educate to avoid contact sports
2
, ©FYNDLAY 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:25PM A+
diagnosing infectious mononucleosis - Answer✔monospot testing for heterophile antibodies
(hallmark)
IgM and IgG increased early in disease
Manifestations of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔-painless enlargement of single node or
group of nodes (typically at level of diaphragm: neck, supraclavicular, axilla)
-mediastinal mass (c/o chest discomfort with cough or dyspnea)
-fever, chills, night sweats, and weight loss
-pruritus and intermittent night fevers
Diagnosis of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔Reed-Sternberg cells present in biopsy of lymph
tissue
-bipedal lymphangiogram detects structural changes of lymph nodes too small to see on CT
-bilateral bone marrow biopsy performed on patient's suspected of disseminated diseases
Treatment of Hodgkin's Lymphoma - Answer✔localized disease is treated with radiation
advanced disease may use combined approach of radiation, chemotherapy, and biotherapy
Definition of preload - Answer✔aka ventricular filling; considered the end-diastolic pressure
when the ventricle has been filled
represents the volume work of the heart; work or load imposed on the heart before contraction
begins & represents the amount of blood the heart must pump with every beat
Conditions that increase preload - Answer✔cardiogenic shock
mitral or aortic regurgitation
bradycardia
hypertension
dilated cardiomyopathy
heart failure
Definition of afterload - Answer✔pressure in which the muscle exerts its contractile force in
order to move blood into the aorta
3
