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Sumario tema 2 de anatomía: osteología.

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hablaremos sobre generalidades sobre la osteología del cuerpo.

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February 24, 2025
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ARTROLOGÍA


UNIDAD 2.1 ANATOMÍA POR LA IMAGEN

, OSTEOLOGÍA

➢ Composición ósea
• Diáfisis: la parte central del hueso y está formado por
hueso compacto y posee por fuera el periostio.
• Epífisis: son las partes laterales del hueso y están
formadas por hueso esponjoso y tiene la corteza.
• Metáfisis: la zona de transición entre diáfisis y
epífisis. En donde está el cartílago de crecimiento en
los niños.
• Cavidad medular: donde se localiza la médula ósea.
Está recubierta por endostio.
• Endostio: membrana interna del hueso
• Periostio: membrana externa del hueso donde se
anclan los tendones

, ➢CÉLULAS ÓSEAS:
• Osteocitos: son los osteoblastos maduros. Se localizan en la laguna osteoci
conectan por canalículos.
• Ostoblastos: son las células que sintetizan y secretan la matriz. Re
osteogénesis.
• Osteoclastos: son los encargados de degradar el hueso y por tanto disuelven
ósea = osteolisis.
➢Funciones de los huesos:
• Sostener y proteger el cuerpo.
• Permitir los movimientos interactuando con los músculos para crear palancas.
• Producir células sanguíneas. Hematopoyesis
• Almacenar calcio.
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