STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY EXAM NEWEST 2025 EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!!

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF THE HUMAN BODY EXAM NEWEST 2025 EXAM COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) GRADED A+||BRAND NEW!! ANATOMY - Answer-is the study of the form and structure of an organism, such as the names and locations of the bones, muscle, and organs. /.PHYSIOLOGY - Answer-is the study of the functions (how and why something works) of these structures. Examples include how bones and muscles produce movement, how organs assist in digestion, and how nerve impulses from the brain trigger the eyelids to blink. /.PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - Answer-is the study of why diseases occur and how the body changes in function in reaction to the diseases. When studying pathophysiology, there are other terms that are used to describe a complete picture of the disease process and related information. /.ETIOLOGY - Answer-Study of the causes of diseases. Diseases have a variety of causes. Examples include bacteria, viruses, hazardous materials and personal habits. /.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS - Answer-Signs and symptoms (S/S) are usually used as one phrase but actually have separate meanings, sign are OBJECTIVE evidence of an illness. This means that the health care professional can observe them, signs are objective and include patient behaviors, visible marks on the body, and test results. Symptoms are SUBJECTIVE. They cannot be directly observed by the health care professional but are reported by the patient. /.DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES - Answer-Test performed to determine the DIAGNOSIS (name of the disease or syndrome). To arrive at a diagnosis, the signs and symptoms are evaluated by taking a thorough patient history; doing a physical exam, and ordering laboratory tests, X-rays, or other special tests, an accurate diagnosis is necessary to determine the correct treatment and predict the outcome of the problem. /.TREATMENT - Answer-Medications or procedures used to control or cure the disease, common treatments include surgery, exercise, and special diets. /.PROGNOSIS - Answer-Prediction of the possible outcome of the disease and potential for recovery. /.PREVENTION - Answer-Behaviors that promote health and prevent disease. /.WELLNESS - Answer-is experienced when the body maintains homeostasis. /.HOMEOSTASIS - Answer-is the tendency of a cell or the whole organism to maintain a state of balance. /.ILLNESS - Answer-occurs when one or more of the body's control systems lose the ability to maintain homeostasis. /.GENETICS - Answer-Genetics determines one's inherited characteristics, such as eye and hair color, height, and skin tone. Also, related to its impact on medical disorders that can be passed from parent to child. /.BODY SYSTEM - Answer-When two or more organs combine to perform a major body function. /.SKIN ROLE - Answer-protects the body from hazards, prevents fluid loss, and helps control temperature. /.SKELETAL SYSTEM - Answer-Is composed of the bones that provide a framework that gives shape to the body, provides places to which muscles can attach to produce movement., protects the internal organs, stores minerals, manufactures blood cells. /.LONG BONES - Answer-Longer than they are wide (arms: humerus, radius, ulna; legs: femur, tibia, fibula; fingers and toes: metacarpals, metatarsals, phalanges) /.SHORT BONES - Answer-Similar in length and width (bones of the wrist and ankles, which are called carpals and tarsals, respectively). /.FLAT BONES - Answer-Two layers with space between them (cranium, ribs, shoulders blade [scapula], breastbone [sternum], pelvis). /.IRREGULAR BONES - Answer-Those that do not fit into the other categories (spinal column [vertebrae], facial bones, patella). /.LONG BONE STRUCTURE - Answer-Medullary cavity (canal), Diaphysis, Epiphyses, Periosteum, Red Marrow, Cartilage. /.MEDULLARY CAVITY (CANAL) - Answer-Center cavity containing yellow marrow (primarily fat cells); covered by a layer called ENDOSTEUM /.DIAPHYSIS - Answer-Portion that runs between the ends of the bone; also called the "shaft." /.EPIPHYSES - Answer-Ends on bone (proximal and distal). /.PERIOSTEUM - Answer-White, fibrous layer that covers the outside of bone; contains blood, lymph vessels, and nerves. Bone growth, repair, and nutrition occur in the periosteum. It also serves as an attachment for muscles, tendons,and ligaments. /.RED MARROW - Answer-Manufactures the red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen, and the white blood cells (WBCs), which protect the body from infections. Red bone marrow is also found in other types of bones such as ribs (flat) and vertebrae (Irregular). /.CARTILAGE - Answer-Elastic connective tissue that covers the end of the bones and functions as a cushion between bones. Cartilage also covers the surface of joints and forms the flexible parts of the nose. /.THE AXIAL AND THE APPENDICULAR SKELETONS ARE: - Answer-The skeletal system divided into two major parts. /.THE AXIAL SKELETON INCLUDES THE BONES OF THE: - Answer-Skull, Inner ear, Hyoid (U-shaped bone lying at base of tongue), Spinal column, Ribs, Sternum (breastbone). /.THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON INCLUDES THE BONES OF THE: - Answer-Shoulders, Arms, Hands, Pelvis, Legs, Feet. /.The 206 bones in the adult can be divided as: - Answer-Axial skeleton: *HEAD: 29 bones (22 in the cranium, 3 in each inner ear, and 1 hyoid). *TRUNK: 51 bones (26 vertebrae in spine, 24 ribs, and 1 sternum). Appendicular skeleton: *UPPER EXTREMITIES: 64 bones in shoulders, arms, wrists, and hands. *LOWER EXTREMITIES: 62 bones in pelvis, legs, ankle, and feet. /.CRANIUM - Answer-is composed of the skull and facial bones. /.The skull may feel smooth to the touch like one continuous bone, but it actually consists of eight bones: - Answer-*TEMPORAL (2): Shapes area around ears. *OCCIPITAL (1): Shapes the base and back of the head. *PARIETAL (2): Shapes the top and sides of head. *FRONTAL (1): Shapes the forehead. *SPHENOID (1): "Bat-shaped" bone that forms part of the cranial floor that acts as a bridge between the cranial and facial bones, and braces the sides of the skull. *ETHMOID (1): Located between the eyes and anterior to the sphenoid bone that forms part of the cranial floor, medial surface of the orbit of eyes and the roof and sides of the nasal cavity. *NASAL (5): Shape the nose. *LACRIMAL (2): Located in the inner corner of the eye (tear duct). *MAXILLA (2): Shapes the upper jaw. *ZYGOMATIC (2): Shapes the cheeks. *MANDIBLE (1): Shape the lower jaw (only movable bone in the face). *PALATINE (2): Shapes the hard palate of the mouth. /.SUTURE LINES - Answer-Areas where the cranial bones have joined together (e.g., ANATOMY - Answer-is the study of the form and structure of an organism, such as the names and locations of the bones, muscle, and organs. /.PHYSIOLOGY - Answer-is the study of the functions (how and why something works) of these structures. Examples include how bones and muscles produce movement, how organs assist in digestion, and how nerve impulses from the brain trigger the eyelids to blink. /.PATHOPHYSIOLOGY - Answer-is the study of why diseases occur and how the body changes in function in reaction to the diseases. When studying pathophysiology, there are other terms that are used to describe a complete picture of the disease process and related information. /.ETIOLOGY - Answer-Study of the causes of diseases. Diseases have a variety of causes. Examples include bacteria, viruses, hazardous materials and personal habits. /.SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS - Answer-Signs and symptoms (S/S) are usually used as one phrase but actually have separate meanings, sign are OBJECTIVE evidence of an illness. This means that the health care professional can observe them, signs are objective and include patient behaviors, visible marks on the body, and test results. Symptoms are SUBJECTIVE. They cannot be directly observed by the health care professional but are reported by the patient. /.DIAGNOSTIC PROCEDURES - Answer-Test performed to determine the DIAGNOSIS (name of the disease or syndrome). To arrive at a diagnosis, the signs and symptoms are evaluated by taking a thorough patient history; doing a physical exam, and ordering laboratory tests, X-rays, or other special tests, an accurate diagnosis is necessary to determine the correct treatment and predict the outcome of the problem. /.TREATMENT - Answer-Medications or procedures used to control or cure the disease, common treatments include surgery, exercise, and special diets. /.PROGNOSIS - Answer-Prediction of the possible outcome of the disease and potential for recovery. /.PREVENTION - Answer-Behaviors that promote health and prevent disease. /.WELLNESS - Answer-is experienced when the body maintains homeostasis. /.HOMEOSTASIS - Answer-is the tendency of a cell or the whole organism to maintain a state of balance. /.ILLNESS - Answer-occurs when one or more of the body's control systems lose the ability to maintain homeostasis. /.GENETICS - Answer-Genetics determines one's inherited characteristics, such as eye and hair color, height, and skin tone. Also, related to its impact on medical disorders that can be passed from parent to child. /.BODY SYSTEM - Answer-When two or more organs combine to perform a major body function. /.SKIN ROLE - Answer-protects the body from hazards, prevents fluid loss, and helps control temperature. /.SKELETAL SYSTEM - Answer-Is composed of the bones that provide a framework that gives shape to the body, provides places to which muscles can attach to produce movement., protects the internal organs, stores minerals, manufactures blood cells. /.LONG BONES - Answer-Longer than they are wide (arms: humerus, radius, ulna; legs: femur, tibia, fibula; fingers and toes: metacarpals, metatarsals, phalanges) /.SHORT BONES - Answer-Similar in length and width (bones of the wrist and ankles, which are called carpals and tarsals, respectively). /.FLAT BONES - Answer-Two layers with space between them (cranium, ribs, shoulders blade [scapula], breastbone [sternum], pelvis). /.IRREGULAR BONES - Answer-Those that do not fit into the other categories (spinal column [vertebrae], facial bones, patella). /.LONG BONE STRUCTURE - Answer-Medullary cavity (canal), Diaphysis, Epiphyses, Periosteum, Red Marrow, Cartilage. /.MEDULLARY CAVITY (CANAL) - Answer-Center cavity containing yellow marrow (primarily fat cells); covered by a layer called ENDOSTEUM /.DIAPHYSIS - Answer-Portion that runs between the ends of the bone; also called the "shaft." /.EPIPHYSES - Answer-Ends on bone (proximal and distal). /.PERIOSTEUM - Answer-White, fibrous layer that covers the outside of bone; contains blood, lymph vessels, and nerves. Bone growth, repair, and nutrition occur in the periosteum. It also serves as an attachment for muscles, tendons,and ligaments. /.RED MARROW - Answer-Manufactures the red blood cells (RBCs), which carry oxygen, and the white blood cells (WBCs), which protect the body from infections. Red bone marrow is also found in other types of bones such as ribs (flat) and vertebrae (Irregular). /.CARTILAGE - Answer-Elastic connective tissue that covers the end of the bones and functions as a cushion between bones. Cartilage also covers the surface of joints and forms the flexible parts of the nose. /.THE AXIAL AND THE APPENDICULAR SKELETONS ARE: - Answer-The skeletal system divided into two major parts. /.THE AXIAL SKELETON INCLUDES THE BONES OF THE: - Answer-Skull, Inner ear, Hyoid (U-shaped bone lying at base of tongue), Spinal column, Ribs, Sternum (breastbone). /.THE APPENDICULAR SKELETON INCLUDES THE BONES OF THE: - Answer-Shoulders, Arms, Hands, Pelvis, Legs, Feet. /.The 206 bones in the adult can be divided as: - Answer-Axial skeleton: *HEAD: 29 bones (22 in the cranium, 3 in each inner ear, and 1 hyoid). *TRUNK: 51 bones (26 vertebrae in spine, 24 ribs, and 1 sternum). Appendicular skeleton: *UPPER EXTREMITIES: 64 bones in shoulders, arms, wrists, and hands. *LOWER EXTREMITIES: 62 bones in pelvis, legs, ankle, and feet. /.CRANIUM - Answer-is composed of the skull and facial bones. /.The skull may feel smooth to the touch like one continuous bone, but it actually consists of eight bones: - Answer-*TEMPORAL (2): Shapes area around ears. *OCCIPITAL (1): Shapes the base and back of the head. *PARIETAL (2): Shapes the top and sides of head. *FRONTAL (1): Shapes the forehead. *SPHENOID (1): "Bat-shaped" bone that forms part of the cranial floor that acts as a bridge between the cranial and facial bones, and braces the sides of the skull. *ETHMOID (1): Located between the eyes and anterior to the sphenoid bone that forms part of the cranial floor, medial surface of the orbit of eyes and the roof and sides of the nasal cavity. *NASAL (5): Shape the nose. *LACRIMAL (2): Located in the inner corner of the eye (tear duct). *MAXILLA (2): Shapes the upper jaw. *ZYGOMATIC (2): Shapes the cheeks. *MANDIBLE (1): Shape the lower jaw (only movable bone in the face). *PALATINE (2): Shapes the hard palate of the mouth. /.SUTURE LINES - Answer-Areas where the cranial bones have joined together (e.g.,