AQA A-LEVEL PHYSICAL EDUCATION PAPER 2
LATEST 2025-2026 EXAM UPDATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Pressure - Answer-The force per unit area exerted normally (at 90
degrees) on a surface.
Boyle's law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature,
pV = constant.
Charles' law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, V/T
= constant.
Pressure law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant volume, p/T
= constant.
Brownian motion - Answer-The random and unpredictable motion of a
particle (like a smoke particle) caused by molecules of the surrounding
material colliding with it at random.
Avagadro constant - Answer-Number of particles in a mole of a
substance. 6.02x10^23.
,Mole - Answer-Amount of substance with 6.02x10^23 particles in it.
Molarity - Answer-Number of moles in a substance. Measured in mol.
Molar mass - Answer-Mass of 1 mol of a substance.
Ideal gas - Answer-Gas that obeys Boyle's law.
Molar gas constant - Answer-Constant with symbol R.
Boltzmann constant - Answer-Constant with symbol k. Useful for
calculations where the number of particles, rather than the number of
moles, is required.
Root mean square speed - Answer-The root of the mean of the squares
of the speeds of a sample of particles.
Kinetic theory equation - Answer-pV=1/3 Nm(Crms)^2 (but better
formatted!)
Ideal gas equation - Answer-pV=nRT. For calculations involving
number of particles rather than moles, use pV=NkT.
Internal energy - Answer-The sum of the random distribution of the
kinetic and potential energies of the molecules in an object.
, Thermal energy - Answer-The internal energy of an object due to
temperature.
Work done - Answer-Energy transferred.
Thermal equilibrium - Answer-When no overall heat transfer takes
place between objects at the same temperature.
Celsius scale - Answer-Scale of temperature with ice point at 0 degrees
and steam point at 100 degrees.
Absolute temperature - Answer-Temperature in kelvins, with 0 at
absolute zero.
Absolute zero - Answer-The lowest possible temperature (i.e. when an
object has minimum internal energy).
Specific heat capacity - Answer-The energy needed to raise the
temperature of a kilogram of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one
kelvin) without change of state. Measured in joules per kilogram per
kelvin.
Inversion tube - Answer-Apparatus to determine the specific heat
capacity of lead shot.
LATEST 2025-2026 EXAM UPDATE QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
Pressure - Answer-The force per unit area exerted normally (at 90
degrees) on a surface.
Boyle's law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant temperature,
pV = constant.
Charles' law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant pressure, V/T
= constant.
Pressure law - Answer-For a fixed mass of gas at constant volume, p/T
= constant.
Brownian motion - Answer-The random and unpredictable motion of a
particle (like a smoke particle) caused by molecules of the surrounding
material colliding with it at random.
Avagadro constant - Answer-Number of particles in a mole of a
substance. 6.02x10^23.
,Mole - Answer-Amount of substance with 6.02x10^23 particles in it.
Molarity - Answer-Number of moles in a substance. Measured in mol.
Molar mass - Answer-Mass of 1 mol of a substance.
Ideal gas - Answer-Gas that obeys Boyle's law.
Molar gas constant - Answer-Constant with symbol R.
Boltzmann constant - Answer-Constant with symbol k. Useful for
calculations where the number of particles, rather than the number of
moles, is required.
Root mean square speed - Answer-The root of the mean of the squares
of the speeds of a sample of particles.
Kinetic theory equation - Answer-pV=1/3 Nm(Crms)^2 (but better
formatted!)
Ideal gas equation - Answer-pV=nRT. For calculations involving
number of particles rather than moles, use pV=NkT.
Internal energy - Answer-The sum of the random distribution of the
kinetic and potential energies of the molecules in an object.
, Thermal energy - Answer-The internal energy of an object due to
temperature.
Work done - Answer-Energy transferred.
Thermal equilibrium - Answer-When no overall heat transfer takes
place between objects at the same temperature.
Celsius scale - Answer-Scale of temperature with ice point at 0 degrees
and steam point at 100 degrees.
Absolute temperature - Answer-Temperature in kelvins, with 0 at
absolute zero.
Absolute zero - Answer-The lowest possible temperature (i.e. when an
object has minimum internal energy).
Specific heat capacity - Answer-The energy needed to raise the
temperature of a kilogram of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one
kelvin) without change of state. Measured in joules per kilogram per
kelvin.
Inversion tube - Answer-Apparatus to determine the specific heat
capacity of lead shot.
