APEA 3P Exam Study Guide
Correctly Answered and Graded A+ |
Latest
Question:
Herpetic Whitlow (caused by herpes simplex): symptoms and treatment
Answer:
Symptoms: HSV 1 or HSV 2 infection
Abrupt onset of small red papules/bumps which become vesicular
Extremely painful, tingling, and burning sensation. Usually on index finger or
thumb Treatment:
Rest, elevation, and NSAIDs -As this is a self-limiting infection
If recurrent or severe infection can prescribe oral acyclovir
DO NOT chose topical acyclovir as an option because it's expensive and does
not work well
,Question:
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV): symptoms/lab/treatment
Answer:
Symptoms:
Contagious for 48 hours before and until all lesions are crusted over
Low grade fever
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Intense itching • Erythematous macules • Papules develop over macules, then
vesicles erupt • "Initially on trunk, then scalp and face"
Labs: • Gold Standard: PCR
Treatment: • Supportive, antihistamines • Oral Acyclovir if given within the
first 24 hours; will work best
Question:
Subungual Hematoma:Treatment
Answer:
Treat subungual hematoma by trephination
If blood is not drained and the hematoma involves ≥25%, there is a high risk
of ischemic damage to nail matrix
Use either a large paperclip or 18-gauge needle and heat up the tip
Position at 90 and apply steady pressure until you have blood draining
Remove either the paperclip or needle and gently evacuate the blood
,Question:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: symptoms/treatment
Answer:
Symptoms: •Maculopapular butterfly-shaped rash on the middle of the face
(malar rash) •May have nonpruritic thick scaly red rashes on sun-exposed
areas
Treatment: • Refer to rheumatology • Avoid sunlight and other UV light
exposure can worsen the disease • Wear broad-spectrum sunblock that's
effective against UVA and UVB
Question:
Molluscum Contagiosum: cause/symptoms/tx
Answer:
Cause: • Poxvirus
Symptoms: • White plug, dome shaped with central umbilication • Highly
contagious (spreads via skin-to-skin contact)
Treatment: • Typically resolves on its own if immunocompetent (watchful
waiting) o Other options: cryotherapy, curettage, cantharidin • If sexually
active CDC considers this an STI if in genital region
, Question:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN):
symptoms
Answer:
Symptoms: • Classic is target or bull's-eye rash that occurs abruptly • Hives
and blisters • Petechiae and purpura • Necrosis with sloughing of tissue •
Extensive mucosal involvement • Prodrome of fever with flu like symptoms
Question:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): Triggers
Answer:
Mnemonic: SANA(p)
• Sulfonamides
• Anticonvulsants
• NSAIDs
• Allopurinol
• PCN
**HIV patients are at a higher risk for SJS & TEN**
Correctly Answered and Graded A+ |
Latest
Question:
Herpetic Whitlow (caused by herpes simplex): symptoms and treatment
Answer:
Symptoms: HSV 1 or HSV 2 infection
Abrupt onset of small red papules/bumps which become vesicular
Extremely painful, tingling, and burning sensation. Usually on index finger or
thumb Treatment:
Rest, elevation, and NSAIDs -As this is a self-limiting infection
If recurrent or severe infection can prescribe oral acyclovir
DO NOT chose topical acyclovir as an option because it's expensive and does
not work well
,Question:
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV): symptoms/lab/treatment
Answer:
Symptoms:
Contagious for 48 hours before and until all lesions are crusted over
Low grade fever
Generalized lymphadenopathy
Intense itching • Erythematous macules • Papules develop over macules, then
vesicles erupt • "Initially on trunk, then scalp and face"
Labs: • Gold Standard: PCR
Treatment: • Supportive, antihistamines • Oral Acyclovir if given within the
first 24 hours; will work best
Question:
Subungual Hematoma:Treatment
Answer:
Treat subungual hematoma by trephination
If blood is not drained and the hematoma involves ≥25%, there is a high risk
of ischemic damage to nail matrix
Use either a large paperclip or 18-gauge needle and heat up the tip
Position at 90 and apply steady pressure until you have blood draining
Remove either the paperclip or needle and gently evacuate the blood
,Question:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: symptoms/treatment
Answer:
Symptoms: •Maculopapular butterfly-shaped rash on the middle of the face
(malar rash) •May have nonpruritic thick scaly red rashes on sun-exposed
areas
Treatment: • Refer to rheumatology • Avoid sunlight and other UV light
exposure can worsen the disease • Wear broad-spectrum sunblock that's
effective against UVA and UVB
Question:
Molluscum Contagiosum: cause/symptoms/tx
Answer:
Cause: • Poxvirus
Symptoms: • White plug, dome shaped with central umbilication • Highly
contagious (spreads via skin-to-skin contact)
Treatment: • Typically resolves on its own if immunocompetent (watchful
waiting) o Other options: cryotherapy, curettage, cantharidin • If sexually
active CDC considers this an STI if in genital region
, Question:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN):
symptoms
Answer:
Symptoms: • Classic is target or bull's-eye rash that occurs abruptly • Hives
and blisters • Petechiae and purpura • Necrosis with sloughing of tissue •
Extensive mucosal involvement • Prodrome of fever with flu like symptoms
Question:
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS)/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN): Triggers
Answer:
Mnemonic: SANA(p)
• Sulfonamides
• Anticonvulsants
• NSAIDs
• Allopurinol
• PCN
**HIV patients are at a higher risk for SJS & TEN**
