TURFGRASS APPLICATORS CATEGORY
10 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
watering deeply and infrequently 1 to 1 half inches a watering. - Answer-Proper
watering means
shallow roots and disease - Answer-Light infrequent watering encourages
1. Core aeration
2. fertilizing at proper rates (over fertilizing can increase thatch)
3. Selecting grass not prone to thatch - Answer-what can reduce thatch in grass?
1. type of turfgrass
2. soil condition
3. Time of year
4. level of maintenance - Answer-How much and when to fertilize grass depend on?
A Weed - Answer-A plant growing where it is not wanted.
1. poor preparation of site when first established
2. poor choice of turfgrass
3. neglect or incorrect turfgrass management, poor growing conditions - Answer-
Extensive weed problems usually result from one of three problems:
poor growing conditions are favoring weed growth over grass. Including dry areas, heat
build up like areas around driveways, compacted areas, and wet shady areas. -
Answer-Weed invasion often indicates that
Years and germinate when conditions are favorable. - Answer-Weed seeds can remain
dormant in the soil for...
1. using nonselective herbicides
2. fumigating soil
3. using weed free material
4. knowing when to use herbicides - Answer-Four ways to control weeds from the start:
also many seeds and other reproductive parts - Answer-fumigating not only control
existing weeds but
A dense, vigorous stand of turfgrass. - Answer-What is the best defense against
invading weeds?
,a correct identification and determine a weed's life cycle. - Answer-Successful weed
management depends on your ability to make
Broadleaf or Dicot
and
Grassy or monocot - Answer-Two categories of turfgrass weeds:
1. Rosette/upright
2. creeping/mat - Answer-Two basic categories of broadleaf weeds:
Annuals - Answer-complete their life cycle in a year or less
Winter Annuals - Answer-Usually germinate in the late summer or early fall, develop
and produce seed the following spring.
Summer Annuals "summer spoilers" - Answer-germinate in spring and produce seed in
the summer to early fall.
Biennials - Answer-complete life cycle in two years. Grow the first year and Produce
seed the second.
perennials - Answer-Persist year over year. Difficult to control, because reproductive
parts are in the soil.
Annual Bluegrass - Answer-Winter Annual
Difficult to control
Seed heads are prolific and greenish white.
Boat Shaped tips
Control with preemergent herbicides in the fall. Some options are Benefin + Trifluralin
Annual Bluegrass - Answer-May take over in closely mowed turf growing on compacted
soils under shady moist conditions. Occur in dense, light green patches. Leaves have a
boat-shaped tip. Produce seed heads throw out throughout the growing season. Dies in
hot and dry conditions. White Seed Head. Control with preemergent herbicides in the
fall. Some options are Benefin + Trifluralin
Crabgrass - Answer-Summer Annual can grow prostrate or ascending
Leaves are rolled in bud, lack auricles, and have a jagged membranous ligule. Older
sheathes may turn dark red. Seed heads consist of 3-5 spikes clustered on top of the
stem.
Easy to control. To control, use a preemergent 1-2 weeks before May 1-10. Or post-
emergent MSMA or quinclorac.
Goose grass - Answer-Summer Annual
Produces a prostrate, mat like rosette with stems radiating from the center. Flattened
leaf structures often whitish in color. Leaves are folded along the midvein in the bud lack
, auricles and have a short , membranous, unevenly toothed ligule, that is cleft in the
center. Tolerates mowing compact soil and drought.
Easily controlled, by application of preemergent in the spring. Post emergents available.
Foxtails - Answer-Summer Annual
Clump forming, erect with bush bottle seed heads. Leaves are rolled in the bud; auricles
are absent, and the ligule is fringe. has hair. Sheathes are reddish near the base.
Nimblewill - Answer-Perennial
A mat-forming, stoloniferous, and coarse-textured.
the foliage is grayish-green. Leaves are rolled in the bud; auricles are absent, and the
ligule is membranous and short. It spreads Stolons are present. Turns whitish or brown
in the winter.
Uncontrollable. May require multiple post-emergent treatments with chemicals such as
tenacity.
Quackgrass - Answer-Perennial
Rhizomatous grass generally grows erect. leaves are rolled in the bud. auricles are
narrow, slender, and clasp the stem. The ligule is membranous and very short. Spreads
by strong underground stems called rhizomes. Has dull-green color and rapid leaf
growth.
Uncontrollable. The only way to control it remains non-selective applications of
Roundup (glyphosate).
Tall Fescue - Answer-Perennial
Clump-forming. Leaves are broad; auricles are short and blunt with a fringe of marginal
hairs. Margins are rough, and blades are thick and coarse. Prominent veins above with
a glossy bottom.
Difficult to control. Spot treat with nonselective post emergent.
Nutsedge - Answer-Perennial
3 angled stems, long grass-like leaves with yellowish foliage. Reproduces with seed,
rhizomes, and small tubers (nutlets). Prefers moist areas.
Difficult to control. Post emergent spray available.
selective herbicides - Answer-A herbicide that kills one type of plant but does not
seriously affect other types of plants.
Preemergent - Answer-Annual grass weeds can be controlled by?
In the spring before seeds germinate. - Answer-Summer annuals should be controlled
when?
In the spring when soil temperatures are above 50 degrees. - Answer-.Most annual turf
grasses produce seed in the fall and germinate when?
10 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
watering deeply and infrequently 1 to 1 half inches a watering. - Answer-Proper
watering means
shallow roots and disease - Answer-Light infrequent watering encourages
1. Core aeration
2. fertilizing at proper rates (over fertilizing can increase thatch)
3. Selecting grass not prone to thatch - Answer-what can reduce thatch in grass?
1. type of turfgrass
2. soil condition
3. Time of year
4. level of maintenance - Answer-How much and when to fertilize grass depend on?
A Weed - Answer-A plant growing where it is not wanted.
1. poor preparation of site when first established
2. poor choice of turfgrass
3. neglect or incorrect turfgrass management, poor growing conditions - Answer-
Extensive weed problems usually result from one of three problems:
poor growing conditions are favoring weed growth over grass. Including dry areas, heat
build up like areas around driveways, compacted areas, and wet shady areas. -
Answer-Weed invasion often indicates that
Years and germinate when conditions are favorable. - Answer-Weed seeds can remain
dormant in the soil for...
1. using nonselective herbicides
2. fumigating soil
3. using weed free material
4. knowing when to use herbicides - Answer-Four ways to control weeds from the start:
also many seeds and other reproductive parts - Answer-fumigating not only control
existing weeds but
A dense, vigorous stand of turfgrass. - Answer-What is the best defense against
invading weeds?
,a correct identification and determine a weed's life cycle. - Answer-Successful weed
management depends on your ability to make
Broadleaf or Dicot
and
Grassy or monocot - Answer-Two categories of turfgrass weeds:
1. Rosette/upright
2. creeping/mat - Answer-Two basic categories of broadleaf weeds:
Annuals - Answer-complete their life cycle in a year or less
Winter Annuals - Answer-Usually germinate in the late summer or early fall, develop
and produce seed the following spring.
Summer Annuals "summer spoilers" - Answer-germinate in spring and produce seed in
the summer to early fall.
Biennials - Answer-complete life cycle in two years. Grow the first year and Produce
seed the second.
perennials - Answer-Persist year over year. Difficult to control, because reproductive
parts are in the soil.
Annual Bluegrass - Answer-Winter Annual
Difficult to control
Seed heads are prolific and greenish white.
Boat Shaped tips
Control with preemergent herbicides in the fall. Some options are Benefin + Trifluralin
Annual Bluegrass - Answer-May take over in closely mowed turf growing on compacted
soils under shady moist conditions. Occur in dense, light green patches. Leaves have a
boat-shaped tip. Produce seed heads throw out throughout the growing season. Dies in
hot and dry conditions. White Seed Head. Control with preemergent herbicides in the
fall. Some options are Benefin + Trifluralin
Crabgrass - Answer-Summer Annual can grow prostrate or ascending
Leaves are rolled in bud, lack auricles, and have a jagged membranous ligule. Older
sheathes may turn dark red. Seed heads consist of 3-5 spikes clustered on top of the
stem.
Easy to control. To control, use a preemergent 1-2 weeks before May 1-10. Or post-
emergent MSMA or quinclorac.
Goose grass - Answer-Summer Annual
Produces a prostrate, mat like rosette with stems radiating from the center. Flattened
leaf structures often whitish in color. Leaves are folded along the midvein in the bud lack
, auricles and have a short , membranous, unevenly toothed ligule, that is cleft in the
center. Tolerates mowing compact soil and drought.
Easily controlled, by application of preemergent in the spring. Post emergents available.
Foxtails - Answer-Summer Annual
Clump forming, erect with bush bottle seed heads. Leaves are rolled in the bud; auricles
are absent, and the ligule is fringe. has hair. Sheathes are reddish near the base.
Nimblewill - Answer-Perennial
A mat-forming, stoloniferous, and coarse-textured.
the foliage is grayish-green. Leaves are rolled in the bud; auricles are absent, and the
ligule is membranous and short. It spreads Stolons are present. Turns whitish or brown
in the winter.
Uncontrollable. May require multiple post-emergent treatments with chemicals such as
tenacity.
Quackgrass - Answer-Perennial
Rhizomatous grass generally grows erect. leaves are rolled in the bud. auricles are
narrow, slender, and clasp the stem. The ligule is membranous and very short. Spreads
by strong underground stems called rhizomes. Has dull-green color and rapid leaf
growth.
Uncontrollable. The only way to control it remains non-selective applications of
Roundup (glyphosate).
Tall Fescue - Answer-Perennial
Clump-forming. Leaves are broad; auricles are short and blunt with a fringe of marginal
hairs. Margins are rough, and blades are thick and coarse. Prominent veins above with
a glossy bottom.
Difficult to control. Spot treat with nonselective post emergent.
Nutsedge - Answer-Perennial
3 angled stems, long grass-like leaves with yellowish foliage. Reproduces with seed,
rhizomes, and small tubers (nutlets). Prefers moist areas.
Difficult to control. Post emergent spray available.
selective herbicides - Answer-A herbicide that kills one type of plant but does not
seriously affect other types of plants.
Preemergent - Answer-Annual grass weeds can be controlled by?
In the spring before seeds germinate. - Answer-Summer annuals should be controlled
when?
In the spring when soil temperatures are above 50 degrees. - Answer-.Most annual turf
grasses produce seed in the fall and germinate when?
