CLC Exam 4B questions and answers with
solutions 2025
What are some common characteristics of immature babies? - ANSWER Less alert, less stamina,
difficulty with latching and sucking
What is the relationship between increase in human milk intake and sepsis? - ANSWER For
every 10ml/kg/day increase, odds of sepsis decrease by 19%
How does breastmilk affect brainstem maturation in premature infants? - ANSWER Breastmilk
leads to faster brainstem maturation compared to premie formulas
What is the effect of an exclusive human milk diet on extremely premature infants? - ANSWER
Lower odds of NEC and mortality
What is the relationship between breast milk intake and developmental indices? - ANSWER
Increase in breast milk intake is associated with higher Bayley Mental Development Index,
Bayley Psychomotor Development Index, and Behavior Rating Scale scores
Are birthweight and length of stay associated with breastfeeding behaviors? - ANSWER No, they
are not associated
How does breastfeeding at the breast compare to bottle-feeding in preterm babies? - ANSWER
Breastfeeding at the breast leads to better suck-swallow coordination, oxygenation, and resting
energy expenditure after feeding
What should be the basis for initiating breastfeeding in preterm infants? - ANSWER
Cardiorespiratory stability, irrespective of maturity, age, or weight
, What are the individual aspects included in the PIBBS assessment? - ANSWER Rooting, areolar
grasp, latched-on, sucking, longest sucking burst, swallowing
What are some characteristics of babies with Down Syndrome that affect breastfeeding? -
ANSWER Low tone, depressed reflexes, hypotonic perioral muscles, deficiency in smooth tongue
movement, skeletal abnormalities of the mouth and skull
How does longer duration of feeding with breast milk affect babies with clefts? - ANSWER It
lowers the incidence of otitis media
What is the challenge for babies with clefts in the lip and palate? - ANSWER Making a seal,
creating a vacuum, and sustaining the feed.
What is the first guiding principal for feeding babies with clefts? - ANSWER Milk removal is
needed in order to make milk.
What is the second guiding principal for feeding babies with clefts? - ANSWER Infant requires
nourishment to remove milk.
When is the best time to express milk for the highest volume? - ANSWER Within 1 hour of birth.
What type of milk had the most calories compared to pumped milk? - ANSWER Hand expressed
milk.
What is the term for expressing milk by hand followed by pumping? - ANSWER Early hand
expression with later addition of pump expression.
What is the technique of power pumping? - ANSWER Try 5 minutes of pumping, followed by a
5-minute pause, repeated for several cycles.
solutions 2025
What are some common characteristics of immature babies? - ANSWER Less alert, less stamina,
difficulty with latching and sucking
What is the relationship between increase in human milk intake and sepsis? - ANSWER For
every 10ml/kg/day increase, odds of sepsis decrease by 19%
How does breastmilk affect brainstem maturation in premature infants? - ANSWER Breastmilk
leads to faster brainstem maturation compared to premie formulas
What is the effect of an exclusive human milk diet on extremely premature infants? - ANSWER
Lower odds of NEC and mortality
What is the relationship between breast milk intake and developmental indices? - ANSWER
Increase in breast milk intake is associated with higher Bayley Mental Development Index,
Bayley Psychomotor Development Index, and Behavior Rating Scale scores
Are birthweight and length of stay associated with breastfeeding behaviors? - ANSWER No, they
are not associated
How does breastfeeding at the breast compare to bottle-feeding in preterm babies? - ANSWER
Breastfeeding at the breast leads to better suck-swallow coordination, oxygenation, and resting
energy expenditure after feeding
What should be the basis for initiating breastfeeding in preterm infants? - ANSWER
Cardiorespiratory stability, irrespective of maturity, age, or weight
, What are the individual aspects included in the PIBBS assessment? - ANSWER Rooting, areolar
grasp, latched-on, sucking, longest sucking burst, swallowing
What are some characteristics of babies with Down Syndrome that affect breastfeeding? -
ANSWER Low tone, depressed reflexes, hypotonic perioral muscles, deficiency in smooth tongue
movement, skeletal abnormalities of the mouth and skull
How does longer duration of feeding with breast milk affect babies with clefts? - ANSWER It
lowers the incidence of otitis media
What is the challenge for babies with clefts in the lip and palate? - ANSWER Making a seal,
creating a vacuum, and sustaining the feed.
What is the first guiding principal for feeding babies with clefts? - ANSWER Milk removal is
needed in order to make milk.
What is the second guiding principal for feeding babies with clefts? - ANSWER Infant requires
nourishment to remove milk.
When is the best time to express milk for the highest volume? - ANSWER Within 1 hour of birth.
What type of milk had the most calories compared to pumped milk? - ANSWER Hand expressed
milk.
What is the term for expressing milk by hand followed by pumping? - ANSWER Early hand
expression with later addition of pump expression.
What is the technique of power pumping? - ANSWER Try 5 minutes of pumping, followed by a
5-minute pause, repeated for several cycles.
