MDC1 Exam 1 - Med Surg & Davis Fund
books / Comprehensive Study Guide – Expert
Strategies, Review of Key (340+) Quizzes, and
Practice Questions for Guaranteed Success /
Newest 2025/2026.
Terms in this set (345)
acid-base balance The maintenance of arterial blood pH between
7.35 and 7.45 through control of hydrogen ion
production and elimination.
The genetic and
physiologic processes that
control
cellular regulation cellular growth, replication, differentiation, and function to
maintain homeostasis.
clotting A complex, multistep process by which blood forms
a protein-based structure (clot) in an appropriate
area of tissue injury to prevent excessive bleeding
while maintaining whole body blood flow.
cognition The complex integration of mental processes
and intellectual function for the purposes of
reasoning, learning, memory, and personality.
comfort A state of physical well-being, pleasure, and
absence of pain or stress. This definition implies
that comfort has physical and emotional
dimensions.
constipation Hard dry stool that is difficult to pass through the
rectum.
,delirium Acute fluctuating mental confusion.
dementia Chronic mental confusion.
diarrhea Watery stool without solid form.
The excretion of waste from the body by the GI
elimination tract (as feces) and by the renal/urinary system (as
urine).
exemplar Selected health problem or issue that represents
priority concepts.
fluid and electrolyte The regulation of body fluid volume, osmolality,
balance and composition; the regulation of electrolytes by
the processes of filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and
selective excretion.
gas exchange The process of oxygen transport to the cells and
carbon dioxide transport away from the cells through
ventilation and diffusion.
glucose regulation The process of maintaining optimal blood glucose
levels.
immunity Protection from illness or disease that is
maintained by the body's physiologic defense
mechanisms.
infection The invasion of pathogens into the body that multiply
and cause disease or illness.
inflammation A syndrome of normal responses to cellular injury,
allergy, or invasion by pathogens.
mobility The ability of an individual to perform purposeful
physical movement of the body.
nutrition The process of ingesting and using food and fluids to
grow, repair, and maintain optimal body functions.
pain An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
that may be acute or persistent (chronic).
,perfusion Adequate arterial blood flow through the
peripheral tissues (peripheral perfusion) and blood
that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major
body organs (central perfusion).
A life-threatening response of the body to infection
sepsis and widespread inflammation that can cause
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
sensory perception The ability to perceive and interpret sensory input
into one or more meaningful responses.
sexuality A complex integration of physiologic, emotional,
and social aspects of well-being related to
intimacy, selfconcept, and role relationships.
tissue integrity The intactness of the structure and function of the
integument (skin and subcutaneous tissue) and
mucous membranes.
adverse event A variation in the standard of care.
autonomy An ethical principle in which one is capable of
making informed decisions about one’s own care;
also referred to as self-determination or self-
management.
beneficence An ethical principle in which nurses promote
positive actions to help others.
care coordination The deliberate organization of and communication
about patient care activities between two or more
members of the health care team (including the
patient) to facilitate appropriate and continuous
health care to meet that patient's needs.
care transition Actions designed to ensure safe, effective
coordination and continuity of care as patients
experience a change in health status, primary
health care provider, or setting; the nurse plays a
vital role in patient-centered care transition
management.
, case management A process to ensure quality and cost-effective
services and resources to achieve positive
patient outcomes.
The observed outcome of critical thinking and
decision making. It is an iterative process that uses
nursing knowledge to observe and access
clinical judgment presenting situations, identify a prioritized client
concern, and generate the best possible evidence-
based solutions in order to deliver safe client care
(NCSBN, 2019).
culture of safety An environment that provides a blame-free
approach to improving care in high-risk, error-
prone health care settings using interprofessional
collaboration.
delegated responsibility A nursing activity, skill, or procedure that is
transferred from a licensed nurse to a delegate,
usually an LPN/VN or assistive personnel (AP) in a
selected patient care situation.
early warning system A guide for the health care team to quickly
(EWS) (also called an determine a patient's condition on the basis of a
early warning scoring physiologic scoring matrix.
system [EWSS])
ethics A theoretical and reflective domain of human
knowledge that addresses issues and questions
about morality in human choices, actions, character,
and ends.
Evidence-Based Practice A QSEN competency in which the nurse uses the
(EBP) integration of the best current evidence and
practices to make decisions about patient care. It
considers the patient's preferences and values and
one's own clinical expertise for the delivery of
optimal health care.
books / Comprehensive Study Guide – Expert
Strategies, Review of Key (340+) Quizzes, and
Practice Questions for Guaranteed Success /
Newest 2025/2026.
Terms in this set (345)
acid-base balance The maintenance of arterial blood pH between
7.35 and 7.45 through control of hydrogen ion
production and elimination.
The genetic and
physiologic processes that
control
cellular regulation cellular growth, replication, differentiation, and function to
maintain homeostasis.
clotting A complex, multistep process by which blood forms
a protein-based structure (clot) in an appropriate
area of tissue injury to prevent excessive bleeding
while maintaining whole body blood flow.
cognition The complex integration of mental processes
and intellectual function for the purposes of
reasoning, learning, memory, and personality.
comfort A state of physical well-being, pleasure, and
absence of pain or stress. This definition implies
that comfort has physical and emotional
dimensions.
constipation Hard dry stool that is difficult to pass through the
rectum.
,delirium Acute fluctuating mental confusion.
dementia Chronic mental confusion.
diarrhea Watery stool without solid form.
The excretion of waste from the body by the GI
elimination tract (as feces) and by the renal/urinary system (as
urine).
exemplar Selected health problem or issue that represents
priority concepts.
fluid and electrolyte The regulation of body fluid volume, osmolality,
balance and composition; the regulation of electrolytes by
the processes of filtration, diffusion, osmosis, and
selective excretion.
gas exchange The process of oxygen transport to the cells and
carbon dioxide transport away from the cells through
ventilation and diffusion.
glucose regulation The process of maintaining optimal blood glucose
levels.
immunity Protection from illness or disease that is
maintained by the body's physiologic defense
mechanisms.
infection The invasion of pathogens into the body that multiply
and cause disease or illness.
inflammation A syndrome of normal responses to cellular injury,
allergy, or invasion by pathogens.
mobility The ability of an individual to perform purposeful
physical movement of the body.
nutrition The process of ingesting and using food and fluids to
grow, repair, and maintain optimal body functions.
pain An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience
that may be acute or persistent (chronic).
,perfusion Adequate arterial blood flow through the
peripheral tissues (peripheral perfusion) and blood
that is pumped by the heart to oxygenate major
body organs (central perfusion).
A life-threatening response of the body to infection
sepsis and widespread inflammation that can cause
multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
sensory perception The ability to perceive and interpret sensory input
into one or more meaningful responses.
sexuality A complex integration of physiologic, emotional,
and social aspects of well-being related to
intimacy, selfconcept, and role relationships.
tissue integrity The intactness of the structure and function of the
integument (skin and subcutaneous tissue) and
mucous membranes.
adverse event A variation in the standard of care.
autonomy An ethical principle in which one is capable of
making informed decisions about one’s own care;
also referred to as self-determination or self-
management.
beneficence An ethical principle in which nurses promote
positive actions to help others.
care coordination The deliberate organization of and communication
about patient care activities between two or more
members of the health care team (including the
patient) to facilitate appropriate and continuous
health care to meet that patient's needs.
care transition Actions designed to ensure safe, effective
coordination and continuity of care as patients
experience a change in health status, primary
health care provider, or setting; the nurse plays a
vital role in patient-centered care transition
management.
, case management A process to ensure quality and cost-effective
services and resources to achieve positive
patient outcomes.
The observed outcome of critical thinking and
decision making. It is an iterative process that uses
nursing knowledge to observe and access
clinical judgment presenting situations, identify a prioritized client
concern, and generate the best possible evidence-
based solutions in order to deliver safe client care
(NCSBN, 2019).
culture of safety An environment that provides a blame-free
approach to improving care in high-risk, error-
prone health care settings using interprofessional
collaboration.
delegated responsibility A nursing activity, skill, or procedure that is
transferred from a licensed nurse to a delegate,
usually an LPN/VN or assistive personnel (AP) in a
selected patient care situation.
early warning system A guide for the health care team to quickly
(EWS) (also called an determine a patient's condition on the basis of a
early warning scoring physiologic scoring matrix.
system [EWSS])
ethics A theoretical and reflective domain of human
knowledge that addresses issues and questions
about morality in human choices, actions, character,
and ends.
Evidence-Based Practice A QSEN competency in which the nurse uses the
(EBP) integration of the best current evidence and
practices to make decisions about patient care. It
considers the patient's preferences and values and
one's own clinical expertise for the delivery of
optimal health care.
