BIOL 253 A & P I LABORATORY EXAM 2
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
arrector pili muscle - CORRECT ANSWER - FUNCTION: CAUSES HAIR TO
STANDUP
MUSCLE TYPE: SMOOTH MUSCLE & INVOLUNTARY
Langherhans cells - CORRECT ANSWER - What cell is involved in immune responses,
arise from red bone marrow?(intraepidermal macrophages) are active in the immune response.
help other immune cells recognize and destroy a antigen. They are produced in bone marrow.
apocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - -Stimulated during emotional stress & sexual
excitement.
-Perspirations, which consist of same components as eccrine sweat glands plus lipids & protein.
-active @puberty
-skin of axillae groin, areolae, bearded reigns of face, clitoris, & labia minora
-involved in production of pheromones
eccrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - -Regulate body temperature
-waste removal
-soon after birth
They function in thermoregulation and emotional sweating. Note: glands empty onto the skins
surface.
phermones - CORRECT ANSWER - The apocrine gland secretes_______________.
stratum basale (germinativum) - CORRECT ANSWER - -always undergoing mitosis,
pushing toward the surface
, Vitamin D synthesis and activation - CORRECT ANSWER - -Vitamin D is synthesized in
the skin in response to ultraviolet radiation and is also absorbed from the diet.
-It is then transported to the liver, where it undergoes 25-hydroxylation. This metabolite is the
major circulating form of vitamin D.
-The final step in hormone activation, 1-hydroxylation, occurs in the kidney to form calcitriol
events assocated with healing of bone fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - 1) Formation of a
fracture- hematoma begins 6-8 hours after injury when broken blood vessels leak blood into the
surrounding tissue and blood clotting occurs. Swelling and inflammation occur. Phagocytic cells
(neutrophils and macrophages) and osteoclasts begin to remove damaged tissue.
2) Fibrocartilaginous (soft) callus formation -takes about 3 weeks and involves collagen fibers
(from fibroblasts) and fibrocartilage (from chondroblasts) producing repair tissue between the
broken bones.
3) Bony callus-- formation lasts about 3-4 months and occurs when osteogenic cells differentiate
into osteoblasts that replace the fibrocartilage with spongy bone.
4)Bone remodeling--- replaces spongy bone with compact bone. Osteoclasts resorb any bone
fragments.
Roles of collagen - CORRECT ANSWER - - Source of Strength
- Maintaining tissue structure and function
- Cell adhesion
- Chemotaxis
- Cell migration
- Tissue remodeling during growth
- Wound healing
Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - -excessive calcium in the blood
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
arrector pili muscle - CORRECT ANSWER - FUNCTION: CAUSES HAIR TO
STANDUP
MUSCLE TYPE: SMOOTH MUSCLE & INVOLUNTARY
Langherhans cells - CORRECT ANSWER - What cell is involved in immune responses,
arise from red bone marrow?(intraepidermal macrophages) are active in the immune response.
help other immune cells recognize and destroy a antigen. They are produced in bone marrow.
apocrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - -Stimulated during emotional stress & sexual
excitement.
-Perspirations, which consist of same components as eccrine sweat glands plus lipids & protein.
-active @puberty
-skin of axillae groin, areolae, bearded reigns of face, clitoris, & labia minora
-involved in production of pheromones
eccrine glands - CORRECT ANSWER - -Regulate body temperature
-waste removal
-soon after birth
They function in thermoregulation and emotional sweating. Note: glands empty onto the skins
surface.
phermones - CORRECT ANSWER - The apocrine gland secretes_______________.
stratum basale (germinativum) - CORRECT ANSWER - -always undergoing mitosis,
pushing toward the surface
, Vitamin D synthesis and activation - CORRECT ANSWER - -Vitamin D is synthesized in
the skin in response to ultraviolet radiation and is also absorbed from the diet.
-It is then transported to the liver, where it undergoes 25-hydroxylation. This metabolite is the
major circulating form of vitamin D.
-The final step in hormone activation, 1-hydroxylation, occurs in the kidney to form calcitriol
events assocated with healing of bone fracture - CORRECT ANSWER - 1) Formation of a
fracture- hematoma begins 6-8 hours after injury when broken blood vessels leak blood into the
surrounding tissue and blood clotting occurs. Swelling and inflammation occur. Phagocytic cells
(neutrophils and macrophages) and osteoclasts begin to remove damaged tissue.
2) Fibrocartilaginous (soft) callus formation -takes about 3 weeks and involves collagen fibers
(from fibroblasts) and fibrocartilage (from chondroblasts) producing repair tissue between the
broken bones.
3) Bony callus-- formation lasts about 3-4 months and occurs when osteogenic cells differentiate
into osteoblasts that replace the fibrocartilage with spongy bone.
4)Bone remodeling--- replaces spongy bone with compact bone. Osteoclasts resorb any bone
fragments.
Roles of collagen - CORRECT ANSWER - - Source of Strength
- Maintaining tissue structure and function
- Cell adhesion
- Chemotaxis
- Cell migration
- Tissue remodeling during growth
- Wound healing
Hypercalcemia - CORRECT ANSWER - -excessive calcium in the blood
