Exam with complete solutions
According to Piaget, ________ begins when one-year-olds take independent
actions to discover the properties of other people, animals, and things. Infants no
longer respond only to their own bodies (primary reactions) or merely react to
other people or objects (secondary reactions). Instead, they are more creative. -
correct answer ✔✔Tertiary Circular Reactions
A smile evoked by a human face, normally first evident in infants about six weeks
after birth. - correct answer ✔✔Social Smile
Inborn differences between one person and another in emotions, activity, and
self-regulation. It is measured by the person's typical responses to the
environment. - correct answer ✔✔Temperament
An attachment style: a relationship in which an infant obtains both comfort and
confidence from the presence of his or her caregiver. - correct answer ✔✔Secure
Attachment
A program of early-childhood education that originated in the town of Reggio
Emilia, Italy, and that encourages each child's creativity in a carefully designed
setting. - correct answer ✔✔Reggio Emilia
Play that seems to be rough, as in play wrestling or chasing, but in which there is
no intent to harm. - correct answer ✔✔Rough-and-Tumble Play
, A disciplinary technique that involves threatening to withdraw love and support
and that relies on a child's feelings of guilt and gratitude to the parents. - correct
answer ✔✔Psychological Control
A disciplinary technique in which a child is separated from other people for a
specified time. - correct answer ✔✔Time-Out
An early-childhood education program than emphasizes creativity, social
understanding, and emotional growth. It originated in Germany with Rudolf
Steiner, and now is used in thousands of schools throughout the world. - correct
answer ✔✔Waldorf
The time in middle age, usually around age 50, when a woman's menstrual
periods cease and the production of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
drops. - correct answer ✔✔Menopause
Controlling the expression of feelings, is a lifelong endeavor, with ages three to
five of critical importance in its development. - correct answer ✔✔Emotional
Regulation
Pretend play in which children act out various roles and themes in plots or roles
that they create. - correct answer ✔✔Sociodramatic Play
An attachment style: a pattern of attachment in which an infant avoids connection
with the caregiver, as when the infant seems not to care about the caregiver's
presence, departure, or return. - correct answer ✔✔Avoidant Attachment