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Biology 1500 Exam 1 Dowling stuff Questions
And Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass
Science; general view - Answer✔the organization of knowledge in any field (a collection of
facts). The "outcome" of something
science; scientists perspective - Answer✔science is not only the knowledge but the PROCESS by
which we obtain knowledge, the pursuit of knowledge, the "how" of something
knowledge - Answer✔objectively verifiable sense experiences. so it means that we can use
experiments to test things and verify if they are correct.
science...more - Answer✔science is an ACTIVE process
scientific advancement requires active accumulation of knowledge through experimentation.
How does science advance? - Answer✔inductive reasoning (older way), deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning - Answer✔deriving general principles from particular facts, observations
and instances.
problem with it: you are making broad sweeping claims because you are just going off of
observations
NOTE: we use inductive reasoning to generate hypothesis that can be tested through
experimentation, we use observations to generate hypotheses
example: spontaneous generation
Spontaneous generation example of inductive reasoning - Answer✔people thought life arose
from inanimate matter, --flies coming from manure, or spoiled meat
-toads arose from muck
they though this because it is what they observed.
If we cant use inductive reasoning, how doe science advance? - Answer✔from deductive
reasoning
1|Page
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deductive reasoning - Answer✔conclusion follows from stated premise
uses the scientific method, actively doing things
example: Spontaneous generation with Francesco Redi
scientific method - Answer✔an active enterprise, requiring controlled manipulations or a
collection of specific kinds of data to answer focused questions.
The Scientific Cycle - Answer✔hypothesis: assumptions based on observations->
predictions: they are tested through experimentation ----------------------------------->
Test/Data------------------------------------------->
conclusion: often leads to more questions------->
(then back to hypothesis to answer those more questions)
hypothesis - Answer✔a tentative(not certain) assumption made in order to draw out and test
its logical or empirical consequences
Spontaneous generation example of deductive reasoning - Answer✔Francesco Redi (1626-
1697)
hypothesis: flies arise spontaneously from spoiling meat
prediction: we should be able to observe maggots arise from the meat regardless of the
circumstances
Test: place meat in sealed containers and see if maggots arise
3 types of jars; open, gauze with odor, wax no odor
conclusion: spontaneous generation os not where flies come from
How does science advance part 2? - Answer✔continual testing of focused hypotheses (without
rejection) result in acceptance of theories
Note: this is NOT a highly tentative statement
ex: heliocentric theory; the sun is the center is the universe (correct)
Types of Questions - Answer✔descriptive questions, observational/relational questions, and
causal questions
Descriptive questions - Answer✔directed at describing a set a attributes, not understanding the
underlying processes responsible for that appearance (questions that describe something)
ex: what are the components of the body?
2|Page
Biology 1500 Exam 1 Dowling stuff Questions
And Answers |Latest 2025 | Guaranteed Pass
Science; general view - Answer✔the organization of knowledge in any field (a collection of
facts). The "outcome" of something
science; scientists perspective - Answer✔science is not only the knowledge but the PROCESS by
which we obtain knowledge, the pursuit of knowledge, the "how" of something
knowledge - Answer✔objectively verifiable sense experiences. so it means that we can use
experiments to test things and verify if they are correct.
science...more - Answer✔science is an ACTIVE process
scientific advancement requires active accumulation of knowledge through experimentation.
How does science advance? - Answer✔inductive reasoning (older way), deductive reasoning
inductive reasoning - Answer✔deriving general principles from particular facts, observations
and instances.
problem with it: you are making broad sweeping claims because you are just going off of
observations
NOTE: we use inductive reasoning to generate hypothesis that can be tested through
experimentation, we use observations to generate hypotheses
example: spontaneous generation
Spontaneous generation example of inductive reasoning - Answer✔people thought life arose
from inanimate matter, --flies coming from manure, or spoiled meat
-toads arose from muck
they though this because it is what they observed.
If we cant use inductive reasoning, how doe science advance? - Answer✔from deductive
reasoning
1|Page
, ©THESTAR 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1:27PM. A+
deductive reasoning - Answer✔conclusion follows from stated premise
uses the scientific method, actively doing things
example: Spontaneous generation with Francesco Redi
scientific method - Answer✔an active enterprise, requiring controlled manipulations or a
collection of specific kinds of data to answer focused questions.
The Scientific Cycle - Answer✔hypothesis: assumptions based on observations->
predictions: they are tested through experimentation ----------------------------------->
Test/Data------------------------------------------->
conclusion: often leads to more questions------->
(then back to hypothesis to answer those more questions)
hypothesis - Answer✔a tentative(not certain) assumption made in order to draw out and test
its logical or empirical consequences
Spontaneous generation example of deductive reasoning - Answer✔Francesco Redi (1626-
1697)
hypothesis: flies arise spontaneously from spoiling meat
prediction: we should be able to observe maggots arise from the meat regardless of the
circumstances
Test: place meat in sealed containers and see if maggots arise
3 types of jars; open, gauze with odor, wax no odor
conclusion: spontaneous generation os not where flies come from
How does science advance part 2? - Answer✔continual testing of focused hypotheses (without
rejection) result in acceptance of theories
Note: this is NOT a highly tentative statement
ex: heliocentric theory; the sun is the center is the universe (correct)
Types of Questions - Answer✔descriptive questions, observational/relational questions, and
causal questions
Descriptive questions - Answer✔directed at describing a set a attributes, not understanding the
underlying processes responsible for that appearance (questions that describe something)
ex: what are the components of the body?
2|Page
