Individuals 2024 Edition, 15th Edition
By Brian Spilker, Benjamin Ayers, All Chapters 1 - 14
,TABLE OF CONTENTS
S S S
PartSI:SIntroductionStoSTaxation
ChapterS1:SAnSIntroductionStoSTax
ChapterS2:STaxSCompliance,StheSIRS,SandSTaxSAuthorities
ChapterS3:STaxSPlanningSStrategiesSandSRelatedSLimitations
PartSII:SBasicSIndividualSTaxation
ChapterS4:SIndividualSIncomeSTaxSOverview,SDependents,SandSFilingSStatus
ChapterS5:SGrossSIncomeSandSExclusions
ChapterS6:SIndividualSDeductions
ChapterS7:SInvestments
ChapterS8:SIndividualSIncomeSTaxSComputationSandSTaxSCredits
PartSIII:SBusiness-RelatedSTransactions
ChapterS9:SBusinessSIncome,SDeductions,SandSAccountingSMethods
ChapterS10:SPropertySAcquisitionSandSCostSRecovery
ChapterS11:SPropertySDispositions
PartSIV:SSpecializedSTopics
ChapterS12:SCompensation
ChapterS13:SRetirementSSavingsSandSDeferredSCompensation
ChapterS14:STaxSConsequencesSofSHomeSOwnership
,ChapterS1
AnSIntroductionStoSTax
DiscussionSQuestions
(1) [LOS1]SJessica’sSfriendSZacharySonceSstatedSthatSheScouldn’tSunderstandSwhy
someoneSwouldStakeSaStaxScourse.SWhySisSthisSaSratherSnaïveSview?
TaxesSareSaSpartSofSeverydaySlifeSandShaveSaSfinancialSeffectSonSmanySofStheSmajorS personalSdecisionsSth
atSindividualsSfaceS(e.g.,SinvestmentSdecisions,SevaluatingS alternativeSjobSoffers,SsavingSforSeducationSex
penses,SgiftSorSestateSplanning,Setc.).
(2) [LOS1]SWhatSareSsomeSaspectsSofSbusinessSthatSrequireSknowledgeSofStaxation?S WhatSare
SsomeSaspectsSofSpersonalSfinanceSthatSrequireSknowledgeSofStaxation?
TaxesSplaySanSimportantSroleSinSfundamentalSbusinessSdecisionsSsuchSasStheS following:
WhatSorganizationalSformSshouldSaSbusinessSuse?
WhereSshouldStheSbusinessSlocate?
HowSshouldSbusinessSacquisitionsSbeSstructured?
HowSshouldStheSbusinessScompensateSemployees?
WhatSisStheSappropriateSmixSofSdebtSandSequitySforStheSbusiness?
ShouldStheSbusinessSrentSorSownSitsSequipmentSandSproperty?
HowSshouldStheSbusinessSdistributeSprofitsStoSitsSowners?
OneSmustSconsiderSallStransactionScostsS(includingStaxes)StoSevaluateStheSmeritsSofS aStransaction.
CommonSpersonalSfinancialSdecisionsSthatStaxesSinfluenceSinclude:SchoosingS investments,SretirementSpla
nning,SchoosingStoSrentSorSbuySaShome,SevaluatingS alternativeSjobSoffers,SsavingSforSeducationSexpenses,S
andSdoingSgiftSorSestateS planning.
(3) [LOS1]SDescribeSsomeSwaysSinSwhichStaxesSaffectStheSpoliticalSprocessSinStheS UnitedSS
tates.
U.S.SpresidentialScandidatesSoftenSdistinguishSthemselvesSfromStheirSopponents
, basedSuponStheirStaxSrhetoric.SLikewise,StheSmajorSpoliticalSpartiesSgenerallyShaveS verySdiverseSviewsSofSt
heSappropriateSwayStoStaxStheSpublic.SDeterminingSwhoSisS taxed,SwhatSisStaxed,SandShowSmuchSisStaxedS
areSdifficultSquestions.SVotersSmustS haveSaSbasicSunderstandingSofStaxesStoSevaluateStheSmeritsSofSalterna
tiveStaxS proposalsSofferedSbySopposingSpoliticalScandidatesSandStheirSpoliticalSparties.
(4) [LOS2]SCourtneySrecentlySreceivedSaSspeedingSticketSonSherSwayStoStheSuniversity.S HerSfine
SwasS$200.SIsSthisSconsideredSaStax?SWhySorSwhySnot?
TheS$200SspeedingSticketSisSnotSconsideredSaStax.SInstead,SitSisSconsideredSaSfineS orSpenalty.STaxesSdi
fferSfromSfinesSandSpenaltiesSbecauseStaxesSareSnotSintendedS toSpunishSorSpreventSillegalSbehavior.
(5) [LOS2]SMarlonSandSLatoyaSrecentlySstartedSbuildingSaShouse.STheyShadStoSpay
$300StoStheScountySgovernmentSforSaSbuildingSpermit.SIsStheS$300SpaymentSaStax?S WhySorS
whySnot?
TheSbuildingSpermitSisSnotSconsideredSaStaxSbecauseS$300SpaymentSisSdirectlyS linkedStoSaSbenefitSthatSth
eySreceivedS(i.e.,StheSabilityStoSbuildSaShouse).
(6) [LOS2]SToShelpSpaySforStheScity’sSnewSstadium,StheScitySofSBirminghamSrecentlyS enactedS
aS1SpercentSsurchargeSonShotelSrooms.SIsSthisSaStax?SWhySorSwhySnot?
TheS1SpercentSsurchargeSisSaStax.STheS1SpercentSsurchargeSisSanSearmarkedStaxS–
S i.e.,ScollectedSforSaSspecificSpurpose.STheSsurchargeSisSconsideredSaStaxSbecauseS theStaxSpaymentsSmadeS
byStaxpayersSdoSnotSdirectlySrelateStoStheSspecificSbenefitS receivedSbyStheStaxpayers.
(7) [LOS2]SAsSnotedSinSExampleS1-
2,Stolls,SparkingSmeterSfees,SandSannualSlicensingS feesSareSnotSconsideredStaxes.SCanSyouSi
dentifySotherSfeesSthatSareSsimilar?
ThereSareSseveralSpossibleSanswersStoSthisSquestion.SSomeScommonSexamplesS includeSentranceSfeesStoSnat
ionalSparks,StagSfeesSpaidStoSlocal/stateSgovernmentS forSautomobiles,Sboats,Setc.
(8) [LOS2]SIfStheSgeneralSobjectiveSofSourStaxSsystemSisStoSraiseSrevenue,SwhySdoesStheS incomeSt
axSallowSdeductionsSforScharitableScontributionsSandSretirementSplanS contributions?
InSadditionStoStheSgeneralSobjectiveSofSraisingSrevenue,SCongressSusesStheSfederalS taxSsystemStoSencourage
ScertainSbehaviorSandSdiscourageSotherSbehavior.STheS charitableScontributionSdeductionSisSintendedStoSe
ncourageStaxpayersStoSsupportS theSinitiativesSofScharitableSorganizations,SwhereasSdeductionsSforSretire
mentS contributionsSareSintendedStoSencourageSretirementSsavings.SAnotherSobjectiveSofS theStaxSsystemSis
StoSredistributeSwealth.