Biology EOC study guide UPDATED
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What is the study of Biology? - CORRECT ANSWER - The science that seeks to
understand the living world. Studies molecules, cells, organisms, populations of a single
organism, communities of populations living in the same area, and the biosphere.
Contrast unicellular and multicellular organisms. - CORRECT ANSWER - Unicellular
only consists of a single cell, and multicellular organisms consist of many cells.
What is homeostasis? Give an example. - CORRECT ANSWER - Homeostasis is the
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment. Example:
regulating body temperature.
What are the main characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER - The main
characteristics of life include: living things are made up of cells, living things reproduce, living
things are based on a universal genetic code, living things grow and develop, living things use
energy (metabolism), living things respond to their environment, living things maintain a stable
internal environment, and living things change over time (groups change).
What are the steps of a scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER - State the problem,
research, form a hypothesis, experiment using variables, collect data, derive a conclusion.
How do scientists use the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER - Scientists follow
the scientific method in all experiments performed to ensure proper results and data.
What are the purposes of using microscopes in science? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Microscopes aid in magnifying images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided
eye.
, What is an element? - CORRECT ANSWER - An element is a substance consisting
entirely of one type of atom.
What is an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER - An atom is the basic unit of matter.
What is a molecule? - CORRECT ANSWER - A molecule is the smallest unit of
compounds.
What is a compound? - CORRECT ANSWER - A compound is a substance formed by the
chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
Describe the atomic structure of an atom. - CORRECT ANSWER - An atom consists of
protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons(+) and neutrons (neutral) are formed in the
nucleus. The electrons (-) orbit, or move around, the nucleus. The atomic number on the periodic
table is determined by the number of PROTONS present.
Describe the different types of atomic bonding (covalent, ionic, hydrogen) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Covalent bonds form when electrons are shared between atoms. Ionic bonds
form when two or more electrons are transferred (lost or gained) from one atom to another.
Hydrogen bonds (opposite charges) are the strongest bonds that can form between
MOLECULES. Hydrogen bonds are the bonds present in a DNA molecule.
What are solutions? - CORRECT ANSWER - Solutions are a mixture of two or more
substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed. Ex: Salt Water
What is the difference between a solvent and a solute? - CORRECT ANSWER - A solvent
is a substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution. A solute is a substance that is
dissolved in a solvent to make a solution.
What does "polarity" mean in regards to the properties of water? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Polarity involves a substance that has a distinct positive end and a distinct negative end. Water is
an example! Because it is polar, water molecules attract to other water molecules.
ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT
Answers
What is the study of Biology? - CORRECT ANSWER - The science that seeks to
understand the living world. Studies molecules, cells, organisms, populations of a single
organism, communities of populations living in the same area, and the biosphere.
Contrast unicellular and multicellular organisms. - CORRECT ANSWER - Unicellular
only consists of a single cell, and multicellular organisms consist of many cells.
What is homeostasis? Give an example. - CORRECT ANSWER - Homeostasis is the
process by which organisms maintain a relatively stable internal environment. Example:
regulating body temperature.
What are the main characteristics of life? - CORRECT ANSWER - The main
characteristics of life include: living things are made up of cells, living things reproduce, living
things are based on a universal genetic code, living things grow and develop, living things use
energy (metabolism), living things respond to their environment, living things maintain a stable
internal environment, and living things change over time (groups change).
What are the steps of a scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER - State the problem,
research, form a hypothesis, experiment using variables, collect data, derive a conclusion.
How do scientists use the scientific method? - CORRECT ANSWER - Scientists follow
the scientific method in all experiments performed to ensure proper results and data.
What are the purposes of using microscopes in science? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Microscopes aid in magnifying images of structures that are too small to see with the unaided
eye.
, What is an element? - CORRECT ANSWER - An element is a substance consisting
entirely of one type of atom.
What is an atom? - CORRECT ANSWER - An atom is the basic unit of matter.
What is a molecule? - CORRECT ANSWER - A molecule is the smallest unit of
compounds.
What is a compound? - CORRECT ANSWER - A compound is a substance formed by the
chemical combination of two or more elements in definite proportions.
Describe the atomic structure of an atom. - CORRECT ANSWER - An atom consists of
protons, neutrons, and electrons. The protons(+) and neutrons (neutral) are formed in the
nucleus. The electrons (-) orbit, or move around, the nucleus. The atomic number on the periodic
table is determined by the number of PROTONS present.
Describe the different types of atomic bonding (covalent, ionic, hydrogen) - CORRECT
ANSWER - Covalent bonds form when electrons are shared between atoms. Ionic bonds
form when two or more electrons are transferred (lost or gained) from one atom to another.
Hydrogen bonds (opposite charges) are the strongest bonds that can form between
MOLECULES. Hydrogen bonds are the bonds present in a DNA molecule.
What are solutions? - CORRECT ANSWER - Solutions are a mixture of two or more
substances in which the molecules of the substances are evenly distributed. Ex: Salt Water
What is the difference between a solvent and a solute? - CORRECT ANSWER - A solvent
is a substance in which a solute is dissolved to form a solution. A solute is a substance that is
dissolved in a solvent to make a solution.
What does "polarity" mean in regards to the properties of water? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Polarity involves a substance that has a distinct positive end and a distinct negative end. Water is
an example! Because it is polar, water molecules attract to other water molecules.
