biol 1500 exam 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
basic features of a cell - CORRECT ANSWER - plasm membrane; cytosol; chromosomes;
ribosomes
describe prokaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - no nucleus; DNA in nucleoid; no
membrane-bound organelles
describe eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA in nucleus; membrane-bound
organelles; cytoplasm in region between plasma and nucleus
describe plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - selective barrier that allows
sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
describe nuclear envelope - CORRECT ANSWER - encloses nucleus; double membraned
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - build proteins either in cytosol or outside of ER
endomembrane system - CORRECT ANSWER - consists of nuclear envelope, ER, golgi,
lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - CORRECT ANSWER - detoxifies drugs and
poisons; synthesizes lipids; stores calcium ions
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER - studded with ribosomes that
secrete glycoproteins; distribute transport vesicles
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER - modifies products of ER; sorts and packages
materiels
, Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - digest macromolecules; work best in acidic
environments
What is phagocytosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell eating
What are vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - large vesicles derived from the ER and
Golgi apparatus
What are food vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - associated with food digestion
what are contractile vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - found in many freshwater protists,
pump excess water out of cells
what are central vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - found in many mature plant cells,
hold organic compounds and water
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - sites of cellular respiration which generates ATP
what led to the endosymbiont theory? - CORRECT ANSWER - mitochondria and
chloroplasts similarities with bacteria
What is the endosymbiotic theory? - CORRECT ANSWER - early ancestor of eukaryotes
engulfed an oxygen-using non-photosynthetic prokaryotic cells
What are thylakoids? - CORRECT ANSWER - saclike photosynthetic membranes found
in chloroplasts
what is stroma - CORRECT ANSWER - fluid inside chloroplast
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
basic features of a cell - CORRECT ANSWER - plasm membrane; cytosol; chromosomes;
ribosomes
describe prokaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - no nucleus; DNA in nucleoid; no
membrane-bound organelles
describe eukaryotic cells - CORRECT ANSWER - DNA in nucleus; membrane-bound
organelles; cytoplasm in region between plasma and nucleus
describe plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWER - selective barrier that allows
sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and wastes
describe nuclear envelope - CORRECT ANSWER - encloses nucleus; double membraned
ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - build proteins either in cytosol or outside of ER
endomembrane system - CORRECT ANSWER - consists of nuclear envelope, ER, golgi,
lysosomes, vacuoles, and plasma membrane
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) - CORRECT ANSWER - detoxifies drugs and
poisons; synthesizes lipids; stores calcium ions
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - CORRECT ANSWER - studded with ribosomes that
secrete glycoproteins; distribute transport vesicles
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWER - modifies products of ER; sorts and packages
materiels
, Lysosomes - CORRECT ANSWER - digest macromolecules; work best in acidic
environments
What is phagocytosis? - CORRECT ANSWER - Cell eating
What are vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - large vesicles derived from the ER and
Golgi apparatus
What are food vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - associated with food digestion
what are contractile vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - found in many freshwater protists,
pump excess water out of cells
what are central vacuoles? - CORRECT ANSWER - found in many mature plant cells,
hold organic compounds and water
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWER - sites of cellular respiration which generates ATP
what led to the endosymbiont theory? - CORRECT ANSWER - mitochondria and
chloroplasts similarities with bacteria
What is the endosymbiotic theory? - CORRECT ANSWER - early ancestor of eukaryotes
engulfed an oxygen-using non-photosynthetic prokaryotic cells
What are thylakoids? - CORRECT ANSWER - saclike photosynthetic membranes found
in chloroplasts
what is stroma - CORRECT ANSWER - fluid inside chloroplast
