CCU EXAM 4 QUSTIONS & ANSWERS
What should nurses be worried about with old people's skin? - answers - increased
vulnerability to
Injury
Certain diseases
Capillary loops decrease
Decrease hair growth
Thinning at the junction of the dermis
Fewer anchoring sites
Minor injury shearing
What should nurses be worried about with newborn skin? - answers - skin is very thin
Epidermis loosely bound
Sweat glands
Eccrine
Apocrine
Less melanin
What should nurses be worried about with adolscense skin? - answers - skin thickens
Tighter bound
How do nurses protect the skin? - answers - good hygiene
Mild-lipid free soap
Rinse completely, blot dry
How do we stop the break/itch cycle? - answers - tepid bath water
Blotting v/s rubbing
Trap moisture with immediate moisturizing
Avoid vasodilation
Use humidifiers
Limit perspiration
Cotton clothing
Trim nails
How do we break secondary skin infections? - answers - all skin lesions treated as
infectious until proven otherwise
Purulent drainage=usually infection
Standard precautions
Proper disposal of dressings
How do we reverse the inflammatory process in skin infection - answers - type of skin
lesion (oozing, infected, dry) determines treatment
,Inflamed (hot, red, and swollen) and oozing = moisture-retentive dressings (wet
dressings) and soothing lotions
Chronic dry scaling skin=water-soluble emulsions, creams, ointments and pastes
Assess for reaction to treatment (irritation?)
Success depends
Good instructions (most treatment is self-treatment)
Motivation of the person/family
Health-care provider support
Name the 3 catergories of skin infections - answers - bacterial infections
Impetigo
Folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles
Viral infections
Herpes zoster
Herpes simplex: orolabial, genital
Fungal infections: tinea pedis, tinea coporis, tinea capitis, tinea cruris, tinea unguium
What is impetigo - answers - highly contagious
Staphylococci/ streptococci
10% all childhood skin disorders
Intervention
Gently cleans to remove crusts
Hand washing
Short nails
Topical antibiotic
Red sores that look like blisters
Rupture of the red sores
Oozing from the sores
Sores turn into a scab/crusty sore that is yellowish/brownish in color
Assessment of the skin
Observe for thick, golden yellow, crusted lesion on a red base
Numerous skin lesions at various stages present
Infants can have flaccid bullae (blisters) with a clear yellow fluid that slowly darkens.
When these rupture they leave a thin brown to golden yellow coloured crusts
lesions and surrounding skin may feel warm to touch.
regional lymph nodes may be enlarged and/or tender.
risk
Contact precautions
, Universal precautions for 24 hours after
Scarring
S&s: the new scar tissue will have a different texture and quality than the surrounding
tissue. Flat and pale.
Topical treatments, such as vitamin e.
Cellulitis
S&s: red area of skin that tends to expand, swelling, tenderness, pain, warmth, fever,
red spots, blisters, skin dimpling
Treatment: prescription oral antibiotic
Glomerulonephritis
Dark or blood tinged urine, edema, increased breathing effort, high blood pressure,
headache, decreased urine output, lethargy, fatigue.
Tend to improve on their own and often require no specific treatment.
Explain instructions regarding herpes voster and simplex - answers - voster
Instruction regarding
Prescribed antiviral medications
Lesion care
Dressings
Hand hygiene
Simplex
Instruction regarding
prescribed antiviral medications
Prophylactic medication use
Spread of herpes
Measures to reduce contagion of partner or of neonates born to mothers with genital
herpes
Recurrent lifelong
Exacerbation (sunlight trauma...)
Contagious...
Treatment:
Symptomatic
Medications
Candidiasis - answers - "yeast"
Warm moist areas
Treatment:
Nystatin
Skin clean and dry
Parasitic skin infestations - answers - pediculosis (lice): pediculosis capitus, pediculosis
corporus, phthirus pubis
Scabies (mites): sarcoptes scabei
Pediculosis capitus - answers - highly communicable
What should nurses be worried about with old people's skin? - answers - increased
vulnerability to
Injury
Certain diseases
Capillary loops decrease
Decrease hair growth
Thinning at the junction of the dermis
Fewer anchoring sites
Minor injury shearing
What should nurses be worried about with newborn skin? - answers - skin is very thin
Epidermis loosely bound
Sweat glands
Eccrine
Apocrine
Less melanin
What should nurses be worried about with adolscense skin? - answers - skin thickens
Tighter bound
How do nurses protect the skin? - answers - good hygiene
Mild-lipid free soap
Rinse completely, blot dry
How do we stop the break/itch cycle? - answers - tepid bath water
Blotting v/s rubbing
Trap moisture with immediate moisturizing
Avoid vasodilation
Use humidifiers
Limit perspiration
Cotton clothing
Trim nails
How do we break secondary skin infections? - answers - all skin lesions treated as
infectious until proven otherwise
Purulent drainage=usually infection
Standard precautions
Proper disposal of dressings
How do we reverse the inflammatory process in skin infection - answers - type of skin
lesion (oozing, infected, dry) determines treatment
,Inflamed (hot, red, and swollen) and oozing = moisture-retentive dressings (wet
dressings) and soothing lotions
Chronic dry scaling skin=water-soluble emulsions, creams, ointments and pastes
Assess for reaction to treatment (irritation?)
Success depends
Good instructions (most treatment is self-treatment)
Motivation of the person/family
Health-care provider support
Name the 3 catergories of skin infections - answers - bacterial infections
Impetigo
Folliculitis, furuncles, and carbuncles
Viral infections
Herpes zoster
Herpes simplex: orolabial, genital
Fungal infections: tinea pedis, tinea coporis, tinea capitis, tinea cruris, tinea unguium
What is impetigo - answers - highly contagious
Staphylococci/ streptococci
10% all childhood skin disorders
Intervention
Gently cleans to remove crusts
Hand washing
Short nails
Topical antibiotic
Red sores that look like blisters
Rupture of the red sores
Oozing from the sores
Sores turn into a scab/crusty sore that is yellowish/brownish in color
Assessment of the skin
Observe for thick, golden yellow, crusted lesion on a red base
Numerous skin lesions at various stages present
Infants can have flaccid bullae (blisters) with a clear yellow fluid that slowly darkens.
When these rupture they leave a thin brown to golden yellow coloured crusts
lesions and surrounding skin may feel warm to touch.
regional lymph nodes may be enlarged and/or tender.
risk
Contact precautions
, Universal precautions for 24 hours after
Scarring
S&s: the new scar tissue will have a different texture and quality than the surrounding
tissue. Flat and pale.
Topical treatments, such as vitamin e.
Cellulitis
S&s: red area of skin that tends to expand, swelling, tenderness, pain, warmth, fever,
red spots, blisters, skin dimpling
Treatment: prescription oral antibiotic
Glomerulonephritis
Dark or blood tinged urine, edema, increased breathing effort, high blood pressure,
headache, decreased urine output, lethargy, fatigue.
Tend to improve on their own and often require no specific treatment.
Explain instructions regarding herpes voster and simplex - answers - voster
Instruction regarding
Prescribed antiviral medications
Lesion care
Dressings
Hand hygiene
Simplex
Instruction regarding
prescribed antiviral medications
Prophylactic medication use
Spread of herpes
Measures to reduce contagion of partner or of neonates born to mothers with genital
herpes
Recurrent lifelong
Exacerbation (sunlight trauma...)
Contagious...
Treatment:
Symptomatic
Medications
Candidiasis - answers - "yeast"
Warm moist areas
Treatment:
Nystatin
Skin clean and dry
Parasitic skin infestations - answers - pediculosis (lice): pediculosis capitus, pediculosis
corporus, phthirus pubis
Scabies (mites): sarcoptes scabei
Pediculosis capitus - answers - highly communicable
