Public Health 150 Midterm UCLA? || 100% PASSED
ANSWERS!!
Public Health correct answers The science of protecting & improving the health of people
and their communities. This work is achieved by promoting healthy lifestyles, researching
disease and injury prevention, and detecting, preventing and responding to infectious
diseases.
Social Medicine --> Community Medicine --> Preventive Medicine --> Population Health -->
Public Health
Pre-18th Century correct answers -Epidemics such as plague, cholera, smallpox spurred some
public efforts
-Often attributed to poor moral & spiritual condition
-Began reporting/recording deaths attributable to plague
18th Century correct answers -Isolation & quarantine become common measures
-Diseases seen as more controllable via public action
-Establishment of voluntary general hospitals for mentally/physically ill
Edward Jenner & Smallpox correct answers *First vaccination
-3/10 of Smallpox survivors lived blind
-Variolation was experimented: Once someone was infected & survived, they couldn't be
infected-->too risky, so used Cowpox to receive immunity
19th Century correct answers -Filth recognized as a cause of disease & transmission -->
cleanliness prioritized
-Diseases became a social responsibility
-Sanitary Reform Movement (Edwin Chadwick)
-Public Health Act of 1948
Semmelweis and Childbed Fever correct answers -Major cause of death for women after
childbirth
*Semmelweis' hypothesis: hands of physicians & med students were transmitting disease-
causing particles from cadavers to pregnant women
-->Mortality immediately dropped
-Failure of medical community to accept conclusion for years
-Major cause of childbed fever later identified as a streptococcal infection
John Snow and Cholera correct answers Snow: Cholera transmitted through contaminated
water
Farr: Miasmatic theory of disease: transmitted by miasm (cloud, bad air) that clung low to the
Earth's surface
**Data supported Farr BUT John Snow was right!!
Late 19th Century: Bacteriology correct answers -Major improvements in contagious disease
control
-Bacteriologic agents of anthrax, tuberculosis,... discovered in labs
*Germ Theory emerges as a scientific basis for disease transmission
, Late 19th Century: Bacteriology correct answers -First understanding that diseases have
single, specific causes
-New place in public health for experts: engineers, chemists, biologists, physicians
Early 20th Century correct answers -shift toward identification and treatment of individual
cases of diseases
-morbidity was now looked at
-disease prevention --> promotion of overall health
-Food and Drug Act
Mid 20th Century correct answers -expansion of governmental role in personal health
-Social Security Act
>Medicare & Medicaid
--->Also, late 20th century saw concerns of cost of healthcare
21st Century correct answers -Epidemics: H1N1, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,
Ebola, Measles, TB, Ebola, Zika
-Health crises caused by: conflict, natural disasters, disease outbreaks
-Climate change affects health
Core Function #1: Assessment correct answers The ability to conduct public health
surveillance to measure the health of the population and determinants; investigate health
problems and identify causes
Core Function #2: Policy Development correct answers The ability to inform leaders & the
general pop. about health, to develop policy solutions and mobilize support
Core Function #3: Assurance correct answers The ability to ensure the health of the
population by having a competent workforce to enforce laws; to have medical care available
to all; and to evaluate progress as part of a virtuous cycle of quality improvement
10 Essential Services correct answers 1. Monitor health
2. Diagnose and investigate
3. Inform, educate, and empower
4. Mobilize community partnerships
5. Develop policies & plans
6. Enforce laws
7. Link to / Provide care
8. Assure a competent workforce
9. Evaluate
10. Research
Leading COD for last 15 years correct answers Heart disease & Stroke
Most deadly communicable disease correct answers Lower respiratory infections
Cause-Specific Mortality: High Income Countries correct answers < 7% of deaths due to
Group 1 conditions (communicable, maternal, nutritional deficiencies) vs. more than 50% in
low-income countries.........the only Group 1 in high-income is lower respiratory infections
ANSWERS!!
Public Health correct answers The science of protecting & improving the health of people
and their communities. This work is achieved by promoting healthy lifestyles, researching
disease and injury prevention, and detecting, preventing and responding to infectious
diseases.
Social Medicine --> Community Medicine --> Preventive Medicine --> Population Health -->
Public Health
Pre-18th Century correct answers -Epidemics such as plague, cholera, smallpox spurred some
public efforts
-Often attributed to poor moral & spiritual condition
-Began reporting/recording deaths attributable to plague
18th Century correct answers -Isolation & quarantine become common measures
-Diseases seen as more controllable via public action
-Establishment of voluntary general hospitals for mentally/physically ill
Edward Jenner & Smallpox correct answers *First vaccination
-3/10 of Smallpox survivors lived blind
-Variolation was experimented: Once someone was infected & survived, they couldn't be
infected-->too risky, so used Cowpox to receive immunity
19th Century correct answers -Filth recognized as a cause of disease & transmission -->
cleanliness prioritized
-Diseases became a social responsibility
-Sanitary Reform Movement (Edwin Chadwick)
-Public Health Act of 1948
Semmelweis and Childbed Fever correct answers -Major cause of death for women after
childbirth
*Semmelweis' hypothesis: hands of physicians & med students were transmitting disease-
causing particles from cadavers to pregnant women
-->Mortality immediately dropped
-Failure of medical community to accept conclusion for years
-Major cause of childbed fever later identified as a streptococcal infection
John Snow and Cholera correct answers Snow: Cholera transmitted through contaminated
water
Farr: Miasmatic theory of disease: transmitted by miasm (cloud, bad air) that clung low to the
Earth's surface
**Data supported Farr BUT John Snow was right!!
Late 19th Century: Bacteriology correct answers -Major improvements in contagious disease
control
-Bacteriologic agents of anthrax, tuberculosis,... discovered in labs
*Germ Theory emerges as a scientific basis for disease transmission
, Late 19th Century: Bacteriology correct answers -First understanding that diseases have
single, specific causes
-New place in public health for experts: engineers, chemists, biologists, physicians
Early 20th Century correct answers -shift toward identification and treatment of individual
cases of diseases
-morbidity was now looked at
-disease prevention --> promotion of overall health
-Food and Drug Act
Mid 20th Century correct answers -expansion of governmental role in personal health
-Social Security Act
>Medicare & Medicaid
--->Also, late 20th century saw concerns of cost of healthcare
21st Century correct answers -Epidemics: H1N1, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome,
Ebola, Measles, TB, Ebola, Zika
-Health crises caused by: conflict, natural disasters, disease outbreaks
-Climate change affects health
Core Function #1: Assessment correct answers The ability to conduct public health
surveillance to measure the health of the population and determinants; investigate health
problems and identify causes
Core Function #2: Policy Development correct answers The ability to inform leaders & the
general pop. about health, to develop policy solutions and mobilize support
Core Function #3: Assurance correct answers The ability to ensure the health of the
population by having a competent workforce to enforce laws; to have medical care available
to all; and to evaluate progress as part of a virtuous cycle of quality improvement
10 Essential Services correct answers 1. Monitor health
2. Diagnose and investigate
3. Inform, educate, and empower
4. Mobilize community partnerships
5. Develop policies & plans
6. Enforce laws
7. Link to / Provide care
8. Assure a competent workforce
9. Evaluate
10. Research
Leading COD for last 15 years correct answers Heart disease & Stroke
Most deadly communicable disease correct answers Lower respiratory infections
Cause-Specific Mortality: High Income Countries correct answers < 7% of deaths due to
Group 1 conditions (communicable, maternal, nutritional deficiencies) vs. more than 50% in
low-income countries.........the only Group 1 in high-income is lower respiratory infections
