Human Biology ATAR- Metabolism Exam
Questions and Answers
Metabolism - Correct Answers -The sum of all chemical processes occurring in an
organism at one time. It is concerned with the management of material and energy
resources within the cell. A combination of chemical reactions through which an
organism builds up or breaks down materials.
Anabolic Pathway - Correct Answers -Pathways that consume energy to build larger,
complicated molecules from simpler ones.
Small -> big
Eg: photosynthesis
Fermentation - Correct Answers -A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of
ATP from glucose in the abcense of oxygen.
It produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
This process only produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule and must generate NAD+
What happens in lactic acid fermentation? - Correct Answers -Lactic acid makes its way
to the liver and oxygen is added returning the lactic acid back in pyruvic acid and
eventually back to glucose. This requires ATP.
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - Correct Answers -A nucleotide that is composed of
adenosine and two linked phosphate groups, and that is converted to ATP for the
storage of energy in living cells.
Catabolic Pathways - Correct Answers -Pathways that releases energy by breaking
down complex molecules to simpler compounds,
Big -> Small
Eg: cellular respiration
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - Correct Answers -An energy molecule used to shuttle
energy between catabolic and anabolic reactions. Energy is released from ATP through
the loss of phosphate groups.
Sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three negatively charged
phosphates.
Phosphorylation - Correct Answers -When ATP gives a phosphate group to another
molecule. Phosphorylated molecules have more energy and can do the work of the cell.
Questions and Answers
Metabolism - Correct Answers -The sum of all chemical processes occurring in an
organism at one time. It is concerned with the management of material and energy
resources within the cell. A combination of chemical reactions through which an
organism builds up or breaks down materials.
Anabolic Pathway - Correct Answers -Pathways that consume energy to build larger,
complicated molecules from simpler ones.
Small -> big
Eg: photosynthesis
Fermentation - Correct Answers -A catabolic process that makes a limited amount of
ATP from glucose in the abcense of oxygen.
It produces a characteristic end product, such as ethyl alcohol or lactic acid.
This process only produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule and must generate NAD+
What happens in lactic acid fermentation? - Correct Answers -Lactic acid makes its way
to the liver and oxygen is added returning the lactic acid back in pyruvic acid and
eventually back to glucose. This requires ATP.
Adenosine Diphosphate (ADP) - Correct Answers -A nucleotide that is composed of
adenosine and two linked phosphate groups, and that is converted to ATP for the
storage of energy in living cells.
Catabolic Pathways - Correct Answers -Pathways that releases energy by breaking
down complex molecules to simpler compounds,
Big -> Small
Eg: cellular respiration
ATP (adenosine triphosphate) - Correct Answers -An energy molecule used to shuttle
energy between catabolic and anabolic reactions. Energy is released from ATP through
the loss of phosphate groups.
Sugar ribose, nitrogenous base adenine, and a chain of three negatively charged
phosphates.
Phosphorylation - Correct Answers -When ATP gives a phosphate group to another
molecule. Phosphorylated molecules have more energy and can do the work of the cell.
