C963 - Objective Assessment Superset New Actual Questions and Answers 2025 Update 100% Correct.

1. Major contributors to social contract theory: Hobbes, Locke, Reasseau
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2. Social Contract Theory: We need food, clothing and shelter to survive and
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nothing should interfere with our ability to obtain them.We may also choose to
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believe in a god.The belief gives definition to our existance.Therefore it is important we
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define ourselves as individuals.
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3. Enlightenment Influence on Constitution: Bill of Rights and the Second ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




Amendment, Ninth Amendment
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4. Bill of Rights (Enlightenment): The first eight Bill of Rights
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5. Declaration of Independence (Enlightenment): people have rights of life, liber- ty, ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




and the pursuit of happiness
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6. Articles of Confederation weaknesses: No executive, no judicial, no power to
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tax, no power to regulate trade
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7. Articles of Confederation - Strengths: Provided direction for the Revolution, the
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ability to conduct diplomacy with Europe, and deal with territorial issues and Native
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American relations.
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8. New Jersey Plan: The proposal at the Constitutional Convention that called
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for equal representation of each state in Congress regardless of the state's
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population.
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9. Virginia Plan: Proposal to create a strong national government ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




10. Constitutional Convention: A meeting in Philadelphia in 1787 that produced a ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




new constitution
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11. Three-Fifths compromise: Agreement that each slave counted as three-fifths ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




of a person in determining representation in the House for representation and
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taxation purposes (negated by the 13th amendment). Bicameral congress.
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12. Checks and Balances: A system that allows each branch of government to limit the ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




powers of the other branches in order to prevent abuse of power
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13. Separation of Powers: Constitutional division of powers among the legislative, ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




executive, and judicial branches, with the legislative branch making law, the execu-
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tive applying and enforcing the law, and the judiciary interpreting the law
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14. Federalists: A term used to describe supporters of the Constitution ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




during ratification debates in state legislatures.
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15. Anti-Federalists: Opponents of the American Constitution at the time when the ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




states were contemplating its adoption.
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,16. Ratifying the Constitution: Article VII, 9 out of 13 states had to agree, it was
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ratified at state conventions
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17. Federalist #10 (factions): Elites can never take over rule of the government due to
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too many factions.
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18. Federalist #51 (Madison): Separation of powers, checks and balances
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19. Separations of Powers: The division of the federal government into three
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branches each with its own powers
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, 20. Government Branches: Three sections of the US government: legislative, ex- ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




ecutive, and judicial. Each branch has powers that restrict the other branches
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powers.
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21. How are laws made and enforced using the separation of powers: Congress
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originates laws
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Judicial branch reviews laws for constitutionality
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Executive branch enforces laws ikzi ikzi ikzi




22. system of checks and balances: Constitutional system in which each branch ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




of government places limits on the power of other branches
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23. Several checks the judicial branch has on the legislative and executive ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




branches: Executive:
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Can overturn actions of the president with judicial review if the actions violate the
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Constitution
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Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary
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Legislative:
Can overturn acts of Congress as unconstitutional if they violate the law
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ikzi Can influence laws by interpretation
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Serve during good behavior to maintain independence of judiciary
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24. Several checks the legislative branch has on the judicial and executive ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




branches: Judicial:
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Senate must approve judges and justices ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




Controls jurisdiction of the courts ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




ikzi Determines size of Supreme Court ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi




House can impeach judges and Senate can remove them by two-thirds vote
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Executive:
Can override a presidential veto by a two-thirds vote in both chambers Must
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ikzi approve treaties by a two-thirds vote in the Senate ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi ikzi