Biochemistry Exam Recent Study Material with
100% Correct Solutions
Histones are _________ Charged and are rich in _________ Amino Acids
- Positively
- Lysine and Arginine "LA"
DNA Methylation occurs on which Nucleotides?
Cytosine and Adenine
Cytosine is _________ and turned to Uracil
Deaminated
Cytosine → Uracil
Add ________ to Uracil to form _________
Methyl Group
Thymine
Uracil → Thymine
Purine Synthesis requires
GAG
- Glycine
- Aspartate
- Glutamine
Pyrimidine Synthesis Requires
,- Aspartate
- Carbamoyl Phosphate
- Leflunomide Function?
- Used to Treat?
- Inhibits Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase
Treat:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
Methotrexate (MTX),
Trimethoprim (TMP),
Pyrimethamine
Function?
- Inhibit Dihydrofolate Reductase
- ↓DTMP
- 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Function?
Inhibits Thymidylate Synthase
- Forms 5F-dUMP
- Inhibits Thymidylate Synthase
- ↓DTMP
Why do you prescribe Folate (Leucovorin) with both 5-FU and MTX/TMP?
- Folate Increases the Potency of 5-FU
- Reduces the Side Effects of MTX/TMP
,- 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Function?
- Used to Treat?
- Inhibit De Novo Purine Synthesis
- Along with it's Prodrug: Azathioprine
Treat:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Leukemias
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is inhibited by?
XO (Xanthine Oxidase)
Mycophenolate, Ribavirin Function?
- Inhibits Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase
Mycophenolate Used to Treat?
Organ Transplant to Prevent Rejection
- Ribavirin Used to Treat?
- Influenza
- Hepatitis C
- Hydroxyurea Function?
- Inhibits Ribonucleotide Reductase
- Inhibits DNA Synthesis
Hydroxyurea is used to treat?
, - Sickle Cell Anemia
- Patients with SCA have a mutation in Adult Hemoglobin, causing Sickling
- Hydroxyurea inreases the production of Fetal Hemoglobin, reducing Sickling
Xanthine Oxidase is inhibited by?
Allopurinol
Febuxostat
Allopurinol/Febuxostat are used to treat?
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome mode of transmission?
X-Linked Recessive
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
- Defect:
- Results:
- Symptoms:
Defect:
- HGPRT
Results in:
- Excess Uric Acid Production
- Compensated Excess De Novo Purine Synthesis
Symptoms:
- H: Hyperuricemia
100% Correct Solutions
Histones are _________ Charged and are rich in _________ Amino Acids
- Positively
- Lysine and Arginine "LA"
DNA Methylation occurs on which Nucleotides?
Cytosine and Adenine
Cytosine is _________ and turned to Uracil
Deaminated
Cytosine → Uracil
Add ________ to Uracil to form _________
Methyl Group
Thymine
Uracil → Thymine
Purine Synthesis requires
GAG
- Glycine
- Aspartate
- Glutamine
Pyrimidine Synthesis Requires
,- Aspartate
- Carbamoyl Phosphate
- Leflunomide Function?
- Used to Treat?
- Inhibits Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase
Treat:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
Methotrexate (MTX),
Trimethoprim (TMP),
Pyrimethamine
Function?
- Inhibit Dihydrofolate Reductase
- ↓DTMP
- 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) Function?
Inhibits Thymidylate Synthase
- Forms 5F-dUMP
- Inhibits Thymidylate Synthase
- ↓DTMP
Why do you prescribe Folate (Leucovorin) with both 5-FU and MTX/TMP?
- Folate Increases the Potency of 5-FU
- Reduces the Side Effects of MTX/TMP
,- 6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) Function?
- Used to Treat?
- Inhibit De Novo Purine Synthesis
- Along with it's Prodrug: Azathioprine
Treat:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Leukemias
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
6-Mercaptopurine (6-MP) is inhibited by?
XO (Xanthine Oxidase)
Mycophenolate, Ribavirin Function?
- Inhibits Inosine Monophosphate Dehydrogenase
Mycophenolate Used to Treat?
Organ Transplant to Prevent Rejection
- Ribavirin Used to Treat?
- Influenza
- Hepatitis C
- Hydroxyurea Function?
- Inhibits Ribonucleotide Reductase
- Inhibits DNA Synthesis
Hydroxyurea is used to treat?
, - Sickle Cell Anemia
- Patients with SCA have a mutation in Adult Hemoglobin, causing Sickling
- Hydroxyurea inreases the production of Fetal Hemoglobin, reducing Sickling
Xanthine Oxidase is inhibited by?
Allopurinol
Febuxostat
Allopurinol/Febuxostat are used to treat?
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome mode of transmission?
X-Linked Recessive
Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
- Defect:
- Results:
- Symptoms:
Defect:
- HGPRT
Results in:
- Excess Uric Acid Production
- Compensated Excess De Novo Purine Synthesis
Symptoms:
- H: Hyperuricemia
