Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology 14th Edi
m m m m m m m m
tion Hall Test Bank m m m
Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Int
m m m m m m m m m m m m
ernal Environment”
m
TestmBank
1. Them mostm abundantm typem of m cellm in m them human m body m ism which m of m them following?
A. Neuron
B. Epithelialm cell
C. Red m blood m cell
D. Whitem blood m cell
E. Vascularmsmooth mmusclemcell
F. Skeletalmmuscle mcell
ANS:mC
m
2. Themmostmabundantmsubstance min mthemhuman mbody mandmthemapproximate mpercentage mo
f mthatmsubstance min mthembody mismwhich mof mthemfollowing?
A. Protein,m 30%
B. Protein,m 60%
C. Water,m30%
D. Water,m60%
E. Carbohydrate, m 30%
F. Carbohydrate, m60%
ANS:mD
m
3. Amlargemvolume mof mblood mismtransfused mto mamperson mwhose mbaroreceptormblood mpressur
emcontrolmsystemmismnotmfunctioningmand marterialmblood mpressure mrisesmfrommthemnormalmle
velm of m100 mto m160 mmmmHg.mIf mthemsamemvolume mof mblood misminfused minto mthemsamemperso
n mwhen mthembaroreceptormsystemmismfunctioningmand mthismtimemthemarterialmpressure mincrea
sesmfrommthemnormalmlevelmfromm100 mmmmHgmup mto m120 mmmmHg,mcalculate mthemgain mof mth
em baroreceptormsystem min mthismperson.
A. -3
B. -2
C. -1
D. 0
, E.m +1
F.m +2
G.m +3 mAN
S:mB
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmsubstancesmhasmthemhighestmextracellularmfluid mto mintracellula
rmfluid mconcentration mratio mformmostmmammalian mcells?
A. Sodiumm ions
B. Potassium m ions
C. Carbon m dioxide
D. Glucose
E. Protein
ANS:mA
m
5. Exchange mof msubstancesmbetween mthemcardiovascularmsystemmand mtheminterstitialmflui
d moccursmmainly min mwhich mof mthemfollowing?
A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
E. Veins
ANS:mC
m
6. Which mof mthemfollowingmismthemapproximate mdistance mfrommthemcapillariesmto mmostmcel
lsmof mthembody?
A. Lessmthan m50 mangstroms
B. Lessmthan m50 mmicrons
C. Lessmthan m50 mmillimeters
D. Lessmthan m 100 m angstroms
E. Lessmthan m 100 m microns
F. Lessmthan m100 mmillimeter
smANS:mA
7. When mamperson mismatmrest,mhowmmuch mtimemismrequired mformthemblood min mthemcirculationm
to mtraverse mthementiremcirculatory mcircuit?
A. 1 msecond
B. 1 mminute
C. 3 mminutes
D. 4 mminutes
E. 5 mminutes
ANS:mB
m
,8. mfeedback mismoften mreferred mto masma m"vicious mcycle"mbecause mitmleads mto m
minstability mand msometimesmdeath.
A. Postitive,m progressive
B. Positive,m diminished
C. Negative,m progressive
D. Negative,m diminished
E. Adaptive,mprogressive
ANS:mA
m
9. Which m of m them followingm ism an m example m of m positivem feedback m in m them body?
A. Clottingm of m blood
B. Return m of m blood m pressure m toward m normalm afterm am hemorrhage
C. Increased m respiration m ratem caused m by m accumulation m of m carbon m dioxide m in m them blood
D. Decreased msympathetic mnervousmsystem mactivity mthatmoccursmin mresponse mto mincrease
d mblood mpressure
ANS:mA
Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
m m m m m m
TestmBank
Referm to m them followingm listm to m answerm questionsm 1-3:
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Agranularm endoplasmic m reticulum
D. Granularm endoplasmic m reticulum
E. Golgim apparatus
F. Endosomes
G. Peroxisomes
H. Lysosomes
I. Cytosol
Identify mthemcellularmlocation mformeach mof mthemfollowingmstepsminvolved min mthemsynthesisma
nd mpackagingmof mamsecreted mprotein.
Initiation mof mtranslation.m
ANS:mI
m
, Protein msortingmand mpackaging.m
ANS:mE
m
Genemtranscription. m
ANS:mB
m
4. Which m of m them followingm ism truem form both m pinocytosism and m phagocytosis?
A. Involvesm them recruitmentm of m actin m filaments
B. Occursm spontaneously m and m non-selectively
C. Permitsm them uptake m of m bacterium m into m them cytosol
D. Ism only m observed m in m macrophagesm and m neutrophils
E. DoesmnotmrequiremAT
PmANS:mA
5. Them cellm membrane m ism LEASTm permeable m to m which m of m them following?
A. Sodium
B. Oxygen
C. Ethanol
D. Carbon m Dioxide
E. Water
ANS:mA
m
6. Them termm “glycocalyx” m refersm to:
A. Themnegatively mcharged mcarbohydrate mchainsmthatmprotrude minto mthemcytosolmfro
mmglycolipidsmand mintegralmglycoproteins
B. Them negatively m charged m carbohydrate m layerm on m them outerm cellm surface
C. Them layerm of m anionsm aligned m on m them cytosolic m surface m of m them plasmam membrane
D. Them largem glycogen m storesm found m in m “fast”m muscles
E. Ammechanism mof mcell-
cellmattachmentmANS:mB
7. Proteinsmaremsorted mformtheirmdelivery mto mlysosomes,msecretory mvesiclesmandmthemplasm
ammembrane min mthe:
A. Golgim apparatus
B. smooth m endoplasmic m reticulum
C. nucleus
D. endocytotic mvesicle
ANS:mA
m
8. Ubiquinone, man melectron macceptormin mthemelectron mtransportmchain m(oxidativ
emphosphorylation), mismfound min mthe:
m m m m m m m m
tion Hall Test Bank m m m
Chapter 1. Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the “Int
m m m m m m m m m m m m
ernal Environment”
m
TestmBank
1. Them mostm abundantm typem of m cellm in m them human m body m ism which m of m them following?
A. Neuron
B. Epithelialm cell
C. Red m blood m cell
D. Whitem blood m cell
E. Vascularmsmooth mmusclemcell
F. Skeletalmmuscle mcell
ANS:mC
m
2. Themmostmabundantmsubstance min mthemhuman mbody mandmthemapproximate mpercentage mo
f mthatmsubstance min mthembody mismwhich mof mthemfollowing?
A. Protein,m 30%
B. Protein,m 60%
C. Water,m30%
D. Water,m60%
E. Carbohydrate, m 30%
F. Carbohydrate, m60%
ANS:mD
m
3. Amlargemvolume mof mblood mismtransfused mto mamperson mwhose mbaroreceptormblood mpressur
emcontrolmsystemmismnotmfunctioningmand marterialmblood mpressure mrisesmfrommthemnormalmle
velm of m100 mto m160 mmmmHg.mIf mthemsamemvolume mof mblood misminfused minto mthemsamemperso
n mwhen mthembaroreceptormsystemmismfunctioningmand mthismtimemthemarterialmpressure mincrea
sesmfrommthemnormalmlevelmfromm100 mmmmHgmup mto m120 mmmmHg,mcalculate mthemgain mof mth
em baroreceptormsystem min mthismperson.
A. -3
B. -2
C. -1
D. 0
, E.m +1
F.m +2
G.m +3 mAN
S:mB
4. Which mof mthemfollowingmsubstancesmhasmthemhighestmextracellularmfluid mto mintracellula
rmfluid mconcentration mratio mformmostmmammalian mcells?
A. Sodiumm ions
B. Potassium m ions
C. Carbon m dioxide
D. Glucose
E. Protein
ANS:mA
m
5. Exchange mof msubstancesmbetween mthemcardiovascularmsystemmand mtheminterstitialmflui
d moccursmmainly min mwhich mof mthemfollowing?
A. Arteries
B. Arterioles
C. Capillaries
D. Venules
E. Veins
ANS:mC
m
6. Which mof mthemfollowingmismthemapproximate mdistance mfrommthemcapillariesmto mmostmcel
lsmof mthembody?
A. Lessmthan m50 mangstroms
B. Lessmthan m50 mmicrons
C. Lessmthan m50 mmillimeters
D. Lessmthan m 100 m angstroms
E. Lessmthan m 100 m microns
F. Lessmthan m100 mmillimeter
smANS:mA
7. When mamperson mismatmrest,mhowmmuch mtimemismrequired mformthemblood min mthemcirculationm
to mtraverse mthementiremcirculatory mcircuit?
A. 1 msecond
B. 1 mminute
C. 3 mminutes
D. 4 mminutes
E. 5 mminutes
ANS:mB
m
,8. mfeedback mismoften mreferred mto masma m"vicious mcycle"mbecause mitmleads mto m
minstability mand msometimesmdeath.
A. Postitive,m progressive
B. Positive,m diminished
C. Negative,m progressive
D. Negative,m diminished
E. Adaptive,mprogressive
ANS:mA
m
9. Which m of m them followingm ism an m example m of m positivem feedback m in m them body?
A. Clottingm of m blood
B. Return m of m blood m pressure m toward m normalm afterm am hemorrhage
C. Increased m respiration m ratem caused m by m accumulation m of m carbon m dioxide m in m them blood
D. Decreased msympathetic mnervousmsystem mactivity mthatmoccursmin mresponse mto mincrease
d mblood mpressure
ANS:mA
Chapter 2. The Cell and Its Functions
m m m m m m
TestmBank
Referm to m them followingm listm to m answerm questionsm 1-3:
A. Nucleolus
B. Nucleus
C. Agranularm endoplasmic m reticulum
D. Granularm endoplasmic m reticulum
E. Golgim apparatus
F. Endosomes
G. Peroxisomes
H. Lysosomes
I. Cytosol
Identify mthemcellularmlocation mformeach mof mthemfollowingmstepsminvolved min mthemsynthesisma
nd mpackagingmof mamsecreted mprotein.
Initiation mof mtranslation.m
ANS:mI
m
, Protein msortingmand mpackaging.m
ANS:mE
m
Genemtranscription. m
ANS:mB
m
4. Which m of m them followingm ism truem form both m pinocytosism and m phagocytosis?
A. Involvesm them recruitmentm of m actin m filaments
B. Occursm spontaneously m and m non-selectively
C. Permitsm them uptake m of m bacterium m into m them cytosol
D. Ism only m observed m in m macrophagesm and m neutrophils
E. DoesmnotmrequiremAT
PmANS:mA
5. Them cellm membrane m ism LEASTm permeable m to m which m of m them following?
A. Sodium
B. Oxygen
C. Ethanol
D. Carbon m Dioxide
E. Water
ANS:mA
m
6. Them termm “glycocalyx” m refersm to:
A. Themnegatively mcharged mcarbohydrate mchainsmthatmprotrude minto mthemcytosolmfro
mmglycolipidsmand mintegralmglycoproteins
B. Them negatively m charged m carbohydrate m layerm on m them outerm cellm surface
C. Them layerm of m anionsm aligned m on m them cytosolic m surface m of m them plasmam membrane
D. Them largem glycogen m storesm found m in m “fast”m muscles
E. Ammechanism mof mcell-
cellmattachmentmANS:mB
7. Proteinsmaremsorted mformtheirmdelivery mto mlysosomes,msecretory mvesiclesmandmthemplasm
ammembrane min mthe:
A. Golgim apparatus
B. smooth m endoplasmic m reticulum
C. nucleus
D. endocytotic mvesicle
ANS:mA
m
8. Ubiquinone, man melectron macceptormin mthemelectron mtransportmchain m(oxidativ
emphosphorylation), mismfound min mthe:
