MTLE Elementary Pedagogy Exam
Questions and Answers | Get it 100%
Correct!!
Generativity vs. Stagnation Stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Erikson's SEVENTH
Stage--> Successfully nurturing others and providing legacies brings feelings of
accomplishment and usefulness OR failure, shallow world involvement (Middle
Adulthood).
Integrity vs. Despair Stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Erikson's EIGHTH Stage-->
Involves reevaluating what we have done in our lives. If we feel we have done
well we have a sense of integrity, otherwise we experience gloom and doubt.
(60 and older).
Piaget's stages of cognitive development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
sensorimotor stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
birth to nearly 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in
terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
Page 1 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,preoperational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language
but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
concrete operational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events
formal operational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people
begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Piaget's Theory (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔comes from a cognitive-developmental
perspective and addresses the qualitative changes in children's thought
processes from infancy through adolescence. Piaget proposed that infants are
born with sensory and reflexive skills that they use to engage the environment
and ultimately construct mental representations of it. He proposed four stages,
during which children first develop representational abilities and then learn to
manipulate those representations using "operations," which include mental
transformations. Most school-age children have developed what Piaget called
Page 2 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,concrete operations - they have moved beyond the preoperational thinking of
early childhood (i.e., egocentric, nonlogical) and can think logically about
concrete, real-life objects and events but cannot yet reason abstractly or think
about hypothetical situations.
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔1. Children's thought
structures develop through interaction with individuals in their environments,
informed by the culture in which they live.
2. They learn the tools for communicating and the norms of behavior.
-These concepts form the basis for later decision-making, reasoning, and other
thought processes.
3. Scaffolding
4. Zone of proximal development (ZPD).
-Tasks above ZPD cannot be completed independently and often cannot be
completed even with scaffolding
-Tasks in the ZPD that are appropriately scaffolded are soon mastered and can
be completed independently.
Zones of Proximal Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔(Vygotsky) distance
between what an individaul can accomplish on independently and what he or
Page 3 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, she can accomplish with the guidance and encouragement of a more skilled
partner (develop quickly or slowly depends on these zones)
Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔preconventional,
conventional, postconventional
preconventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Before age nine--> first level of
Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is
governed by the consequences of the behavior; self-interested and egocentric
conventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Early adolescence--> second level of
Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is
governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
postconventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Adolescense and Adulthood
(college aged or older)--> third level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development
in which the person's behavior is governed by moral principles that have been
decided on by the individual and that may be in disagreement with accepted
social norms
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Young children
reason preconventionally, making judgments about moral behavior based on
the likelihood of rewards or punishments. School-age children typically reason
Page 4 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Questions and Answers | Get it 100%
Correct!!
Generativity vs. Stagnation Stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Erikson's SEVENTH
Stage--> Successfully nurturing others and providing legacies brings feelings of
accomplishment and usefulness OR failure, shallow world involvement (Middle
Adulthood).
Integrity vs. Despair Stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Erikson's EIGHTH Stage-->
Involves reevaluating what we have done in our lives. If we feel we have done
well we have a sense of integrity, otherwise we experience gloom and doubt.
(60 and older).
Piaget's stages of cognitive development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔1. sensorimotor
2. preoperational
3. concrete operational
4. formal operational
sensorimotor stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
birth to nearly 2 years of age) during which infants know the world mostly in
terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities
Page 1 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,preoperational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage (from
about 2 to about 6 or 7 years of age) during which a child learns to use language
but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of concrete logic
concrete operational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (from about 6 or 7 to 11 years of age) during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events
formal operational stage (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔in Piaget's theory, the stage of
cognitive development (normally beginning about age 12) during which people
begin to think logically about abstract concepts
Piaget's Theory (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔comes from a cognitive-developmental
perspective and addresses the qualitative changes in children's thought
processes from infancy through adolescence. Piaget proposed that infants are
born with sensory and reflexive skills that they use to engage the environment
and ultimately construct mental representations of it. He proposed four stages,
during which children first develop representational abilities and then learn to
manipulate those representations using "operations," which include mental
transformations. Most school-age children have developed what Piaget called
Page 2 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
,concrete operations - they have moved beyond the preoperational thinking of
early childhood (i.e., egocentric, nonlogical) and can think logically about
concrete, real-life objects and events but cannot yet reason abstractly or think
about hypothetical situations.
Vygotsky's Sociocultural Theory (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔1. Children's thought
structures develop through interaction with individuals in their environments,
informed by the culture in which they live.
2. They learn the tools for communicating and the norms of behavior.
-These concepts form the basis for later decision-making, reasoning, and other
thought processes.
3. Scaffolding
4. Zone of proximal development (ZPD).
-Tasks above ZPD cannot be completed independently and often cannot be
completed even with scaffolding
-Tasks in the ZPD that are appropriately scaffolded are soon mastered and can
be completed independently.
Zones of Proximal Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔(Vygotsky) distance
between what an individaul can accomplish on independently and what he or
Page 3 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
, she can accomplish with the guidance and encouragement of a more skilled
partner (develop quickly or slowly depends on these zones)
Kohlberg's Stages of Moral Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔preconventional,
conventional, postconventional
preconventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Before age nine--> first level of
Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is
governed by the consequences of the behavior; self-interested and egocentric
conventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Early adolescence--> second level of
Kohlberg's stages of moral development in which the child's behavior is
governed by conforming to the society's norms of behavior
postconventional morality (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Adolescense and Adulthood
(college aged or older)--> third level of Kohlberg's stages of moral development
in which the person's behavior is governed by moral principles that have been
decided on by the individual and that may be in disagreement with accepted
social norms
Kohlberg's Theory of Moral Development (Ch. 1) - ANSWER ✔✔Young children
reason preconventionally, making judgments about moral behavior based on
the likelihood of rewards or punishments. School-age children typically reason
Page 4 of 91
COPYRIGHT©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER:
619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
