HESI PREP - GREEN ELSEVIER BOOK
PEDIATRICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What would be viewed as devastating to an adolescent in the hospital ? - ANSWER-
Ilness, treatments, and procedures that alter their appearance.
after _______ months , their cognitive development allows them to remember pain. -
ANSWER-6 months
____________ fear intrusive procedures - ANSWER-toddlers
____________ fear body mutiliation - ANSWER-preschoolers
___________ concern regarding change in body image - ANSWER-Adolescents
Children as young as ______ are able to report the location and degree of pain they
are going through - ANSWER-3 years old
Nonverbal signs of pain - ANSWER-grimacing
irritability
restlessness
difficulty sleeping or feeding
What are some physiological signs of pain in a child ? - ANSWER-Heart rate
elevated
Increased Resp rate
Diaphoresis
Decreased oxygen levels
CRIES can be used for what ages? - ANSWER-32 to 60 weeks of gestational age
FACES pain rating scale and Poker Chip scale is used for what ages? - ANSWER-
Preschool age and older
Numeric pain scale can be used for what age group ? - ANSWER-9 years old and
older
What is the Oucher pain scale ? - ANSWER-its used for children 1-3 using culturally
specific photographs of different levels of pain and discomfort
,Who is the FLACC scaled used for ? - ANSWER-Non verbal children
Facial Expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry and Consolability
Pain interventions for toddlers and preschoolers - ANSWER-distraction
Pain intervention for school aged children and adolescents - ANSWER-guided
imagery
What is rubeola? - ANSWER-Measles
its transmitted by direct contact of droplets from
Prodromal Phase : s/s fever and upper respiratory symptoms
What are the classic symptoms of the Measles ? - ANSWER-Photophobia
Kopek spots on the buccal mucosa
rash the begins on face and spreads downward
What is the paramyxovirus ? - ANSWER-Mumps
Symptoms include : fever, headache, malaise, parotid gland swelling and
tenderness, manifestations include submaxillary and sublingual infection, orchitis
and meningoencephalitis
Its transmitted by droplets
Maintain bed rest until swelling subsides
What are the German Measles? - ANSWER-Rubella
Common viral disease that has teratogenic effects on fetus during 1st trimester of
pregnancy
Transmitted by droplets
Rash that starts on face and moves rapidly down body
Rash will disappear within 3 days
What is Pertussis? - ANSWER-Whooping Cough
Acute infectious respiratory disease usually in infancy
Caused by gram negative bacillus
Transmitted by direct droplet contact
,Vaccine is recommended for all people! ( dTap )
Vaccine is given at 2,4,6 and 15 to 18 months. Another is given between 4-6 years of
age
What is Varicella ? - ANSWER-Chickenpox
Viral disease with skin lesions
Leisons begin on trunk and spread to face and extremities
Transmitted through direct contact , spread or contaminated objects
2 doses of vaccine are recommended for everyone
First dose given 12-15 months of age
Second dose 4-6 years of age
What are you steps of nursing care for a child with a communicable disease? -
ANSWER-Isolate child during period of communicability
Treat fever with NON ASPIRIN product
Report occurence to health care department
Prevent child from scratching
Administer diphenhydramine hydrochloride for itching
WASH HANDS
administer vaccines
What should you educated parents about the German measles with multiple kids? -
ANSWER-children with the German measles and can pose a serious threat to
unborn children if the mom is pregnant.
Who population does iron deficiency commonly occur in for young people? -
ANSWER-12-36 months
adolescent females
also females in child bearing years
What is the recommended amount of Vitamin D in a day ? - ANSWER-400 IU/daily
What vitamins should preschool and school aged children be sure to get enough of
but normally do not ? - ANSWER-Vitamin A, C, B6, B12
What can help determine nutritional status ? What Labs? - ANSWER-Plasma, blood
cells, urine, tissues from liver, bone, hair , fingernails.
, Hgb, Hct, albumin, creatinine, nitrogen
What are causes of diarrhea? - ANSWER-Infection
Malabsorption problems
Inflammatory disease
Dietary factors
What conditions are associated as a result of diarrhea? - ANSWER-Dehydration
Metabolic Acidosis
Shock
What are signs of dehydration in young children ? - ANSWER-Poor skin
turgor/tenting
Absence of tears
Dry and stick mucous membranes
weight loss
depressed fontanelle
decreased urine output
acidotic state
What are laboratory signs of acidosis ? - ANSWER-Loss of Bicarb = pH < 7.35
Loss of Na and K through stools
Elevated Hct
Elevated BUN
What are signs of shock ? - ANSWER-Decreased BP
Rapid, weak pulse
Skin : gray , cool and clammy
Delayed cap refill greater than 4 +
Changed in mental status
PEDIATRICS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
What would be viewed as devastating to an adolescent in the hospital ? - ANSWER-
Ilness, treatments, and procedures that alter their appearance.
after _______ months , their cognitive development allows them to remember pain. -
ANSWER-6 months
____________ fear intrusive procedures - ANSWER-toddlers
____________ fear body mutiliation - ANSWER-preschoolers
___________ concern regarding change in body image - ANSWER-Adolescents
Children as young as ______ are able to report the location and degree of pain they
are going through - ANSWER-3 years old
Nonverbal signs of pain - ANSWER-grimacing
irritability
restlessness
difficulty sleeping or feeding
What are some physiological signs of pain in a child ? - ANSWER-Heart rate
elevated
Increased Resp rate
Diaphoresis
Decreased oxygen levels
CRIES can be used for what ages? - ANSWER-32 to 60 weeks of gestational age
FACES pain rating scale and Poker Chip scale is used for what ages? - ANSWER-
Preschool age and older
Numeric pain scale can be used for what age group ? - ANSWER-9 years old and
older
What is the Oucher pain scale ? - ANSWER-its used for children 1-3 using culturally
specific photographs of different levels of pain and discomfort
,Who is the FLACC scaled used for ? - ANSWER-Non verbal children
Facial Expression, Leg movement, Activity, Cry and Consolability
Pain interventions for toddlers and preschoolers - ANSWER-distraction
Pain intervention for school aged children and adolescents - ANSWER-guided
imagery
What is rubeola? - ANSWER-Measles
its transmitted by direct contact of droplets from
Prodromal Phase : s/s fever and upper respiratory symptoms
What are the classic symptoms of the Measles ? - ANSWER-Photophobia
Kopek spots on the buccal mucosa
rash the begins on face and spreads downward
What is the paramyxovirus ? - ANSWER-Mumps
Symptoms include : fever, headache, malaise, parotid gland swelling and
tenderness, manifestations include submaxillary and sublingual infection, orchitis
and meningoencephalitis
Its transmitted by droplets
Maintain bed rest until swelling subsides
What are the German Measles? - ANSWER-Rubella
Common viral disease that has teratogenic effects on fetus during 1st trimester of
pregnancy
Transmitted by droplets
Rash that starts on face and moves rapidly down body
Rash will disappear within 3 days
What is Pertussis? - ANSWER-Whooping Cough
Acute infectious respiratory disease usually in infancy
Caused by gram negative bacillus
Transmitted by direct droplet contact
,Vaccine is recommended for all people! ( dTap )
Vaccine is given at 2,4,6 and 15 to 18 months. Another is given between 4-6 years of
age
What is Varicella ? - ANSWER-Chickenpox
Viral disease with skin lesions
Leisons begin on trunk and spread to face and extremities
Transmitted through direct contact , spread or contaminated objects
2 doses of vaccine are recommended for everyone
First dose given 12-15 months of age
Second dose 4-6 years of age
What are you steps of nursing care for a child with a communicable disease? -
ANSWER-Isolate child during period of communicability
Treat fever with NON ASPIRIN product
Report occurence to health care department
Prevent child from scratching
Administer diphenhydramine hydrochloride for itching
WASH HANDS
administer vaccines
What should you educated parents about the German measles with multiple kids? -
ANSWER-children with the German measles and can pose a serious threat to
unborn children if the mom is pregnant.
Who population does iron deficiency commonly occur in for young people? -
ANSWER-12-36 months
adolescent females
also females in child bearing years
What is the recommended amount of Vitamin D in a day ? - ANSWER-400 IU/daily
What vitamins should preschool and school aged children be sure to get enough of
but normally do not ? - ANSWER-Vitamin A, C, B6, B12
What can help determine nutritional status ? What Labs? - ANSWER-Plasma, blood
cells, urine, tissues from liver, bone, hair , fingernails.
, Hgb, Hct, albumin, creatinine, nitrogen
What are causes of diarrhea? - ANSWER-Infection
Malabsorption problems
Inflammatory disease
Dietary factors
What conditions are associated as a result of diarrhea? - ANSWER-Dehydration
Metabolic Acidosis
Shock
What are signs of dehydration in young children ? - ANSWER-Poor skin
turgor/tenting
Absence of tears
Dry and stick mucous membranes
weight loss
depressed fontanelle
decreased urine output
acidotic state
What are laboratory signs of acidosis ? - ANSWER-Loss of Bicarb = pH < 7.35
Loss of Na and K through stools
Elevated Hct
Elevated BUN
What are signs of shock ? - ANSWER-Decreased BP
Rapid, weak pulse
Skin : gray , cool and clammy
Delayed cap refill greater than 4 +
Changed in mental status
