PEDS HESI VERSION 2 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A nurse is assessing a child admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of rheumatic
fever. The nurse asks the child's mother which significant question during the
assessment?
a. has your child had difficulty urinating?
b. has any family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
c. has any family member had a gastrointestinal disorder in the past few weeks?
d. has your child been exposed to anyone with chickenpox? - ANSWER-has any
family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
An infant brought to the emergency room is unresponsive and in respiratory distress.
The nurse opens the infant's airway by which method?
a. hyperextension
b. jaw thrust
c. tongue-jaw lift
d. head tilt/ chin lift - ANSWER-tongue-jaw lift
"A child with a tracheal obstruction is brought to the emergency room by emergency
medical services. The child has aspirated a marble, and the foreign body is removed
in the emergency room by direct laryngoscopy. After the procedure, the nurse
informs the mother of the child that:"
a. the child will need to be hospitalized for observation
b. the child may go home with a prescription for antibiotics
c. the child will need to return to the hospital for a chest x-ray in 1 week
d. the child will require a bronchoscopy for follow up evaluation in 1 month -
ANSWER-the child will need to be hospitalized for observation
A nurse is teaching the client taking medications by inhalation about the advantages
of a newly prescribed spacer device. The nurse determines the need for further
teaching if the client states that the spacer device:
a. reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day
b. reduces the chance of yeast infection because large drops arn't deposited on the
oral tissues
c. disperses medication more deeply and uniformly
d. reduces the need to coordinate timing between pressing the inhaler and
inspiration - ANSWER-reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day
A client is taking albuterol (Ventolin) by inhalation but cannot cough up secretions.
The nurse teaches the client to do which of the following to best help clear the
bronchial secretions?
a. administer an extra dose before bedtime
b. take in increased amounts of fluids every day
c. get more exercise each day
d. Use a dehumidifier in the home - ANSWER-take in increased amounts of fluids
every day
,"A client taking albuterol (Ventolin) experiences a severe episode of wheezing, which
the nurse interprets as bronchospasm. A telephone call is made to the physician's
office to report the occurrence. The nurse does which of the following while waiting
for the physician to return the call?"
a. administer the next dose of albuterol as scheduled
b. withholds the next dose of albuterol
c. administer a double dose of albuterol
d. administers half the dose of albuterol - ANSWER-withholds the next dose of
albuterol
"A client is unable to expectorate sputum for a sputum sample, and the nurse is
preparing to obtain the sample via saline inhalation. The nurse instructs the client to
inhale the warm saline vapor via nebulizer by:"
a. hold the nebulizer under the nose
b. keeping the lips closed lightly over the mouthpiece
c. keeping the lips closed tightly over the mouthpiece
d. alternating one vapor breath with one breath from room air - ANSWER-keeping
the lips closed lightly over the mouthpiece
A 5-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for heart surgery to repair the tetralogy
of Fallot. The nurse reviews the child's record and notes that the child has clubbed
fingers. The nurse understands that the clubbing is most likely caused by:
a. peripheral hypoxia
b. delayed physical growth
c. chronic hypertension
d. destruction of bone marrow - ANSWER-peripheral hypoxia
"A 10-month-old infant is hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using
knowledge of growth and development according to Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget,
the nurse should do which of the following to meet the infant's developmental
needs?"
a. wash hands, wear a mask and keep the infant as quiet as possible
b. follow the home feeding schedule and allow the infant to be held only when the
parents visit
c. restrain the infant continuously to prevent tubes from being dislodged
d. provide a consistent routine, as well as touching, rocking, and cuddling throughout
the hospitalization - ANSWER-provide a consistent routine, as well as touching,
rocking, and cuddling throughout the hospitalization
A nurse is developing a postoperative plan of care for an infant who will undergo a
pyloromyotomy for the treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The nurse
documents in the plan that the infant should be placed in which position in the
postoperative period?
a. supine with the head of the bed elevated
b. prone with the head of the bed elevated
c. flat on the nonoperative side
d. flat on the operative side - ANSWER-prone with the head of the bed elevated
A clinic nurse is performing an assessment on a child. Which finding indicates the
presence of an inguinal hernia?
, a. painless inguinal swelling that appears when the child cries or strains
b. complaints of difficulty defecating
c. complaints of a dribbling urinary stream
d. absence of the tests with scrotum - ANSWER-painless inguinal swelling that
appears when the child cries or strains
The nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with a hernia regarding
measures that will aid in reducing the hernia. The nurse determines that the parents
understand these measures if they state which of the following?
a. we will be sure to give our child a fleet enema every day to prevent constipation
b. we will make sure that our child participates in physical activity every day
c. we will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by our child
d. we will encourage our child to cough every few hours on a daily basis - ANSWER-
we will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by our child
A nurse is caring for a child after an inguinal hernia repair. Which finding would
indicate that the surgical repair was effective?
a. abdominal distention
b. absence of inguinal swelling with crying
c. a clean, dry incision
d. an adequate flow of urine - ANSWER-absence of inguinal swelling with crying
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of an infant who had
surgical repair of an inguinal hernia. The nurse instructs the parents to do which of
the following to prevent infection at the surgical site?
a. change the diapers as soon as they become damp
b. report a fever immediately
c. soak the infant in a tub bath twice a day for the next 5 days
d. restrict the infant's physical activity - ANSWER-change the diapers as soon as
they become damp
"When obtaining a history from parents of a 5 month old child suspected of having
intussusception, which assessment area would be most important for the nurse to
address?"
a. pattern of abdominal pain
b. known allergies
c. dietary intake during the past 24 hours
d. usual pattern of bowel movements - ANSWER-pattern of abdominal pain
A nurse is assessing a child after hydrostatic reduction for intussusception. The
nurse would expect to observe which finding after this procedure?
a. severe colicy-type pain with vomiting
b. currant jelly like stools
c. passage of barium or water soluble contrast with stools
d. severe abdominal distention - ANSWER-passage of barium or water soluble
contrast with stools
"A nurse is caring for a child with intussusception. During care, the child passes a
normal brown stool. The most appropriate nursing action is to:"
a. report the passage of a normal brown stool to the physician
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
A nurse is assessing a child admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of rheumatic
fever. The nurse asks the child's mother which significant question during the
assessment?
a. has your child had difficulty urinating?
b. has any family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
c. has any family member had a gastrointestinal disorder in the past few weeks?
d. has your child been exposed to anyone with chickenpox? - ANSWER-has any
family member had a sore throat within the past few weeks?
An infant brought to the emergency room is unresponsive and in respiratory distress.
The nurse opens the infant's airway by which method?
a. hyperextension
b. jaw thrust
c. tongue-jaw lift
d. head tilt/ chin lift - ANSWER-tongue-jaw lift
"A child with a tracheal obstruction is brought to the emergency room by emergency
medical services. The child has aspirated a marble, and the foreign body is removed
in the emergency room by direct laryngoscopy. After the procedure, the nurse
informs the mother of the child that:"
a. the child will need to be hospitalized for observation
b. the child may go home with a prescription for antibiotics
c. the child will need to return to the hospital for a chest x-ray in 1 week
d. the child will require a bronchoscopy for follow up evaluation in 1 month -
ANSWER-the child will need to be hospitalized for observation
A nurse is teaching the client taking medications by inhalation about the advantages
of a newly prescribed spacer device. The nurse determines the need for further
teaching if the client states that the spacer device:
a. reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day
b. reduces the chance of yeast infection because large drops arn't deposited on the
oral tissues
c. disperses medication more deeply and uniformly
d. reduces the need to coordinate timing between pressing the inhaler and
inspiration - ANSWER-reduces the frequency of medication to only once per day
A client is taking albuterol (Ventolin) by inhalation but cannot cough up secretions.
The nurse teaches the client to do which of the following to best help clear the
bronchial secretions?
a. administer an extra dose before bedtime
b. take in increased amounts of fluids every day
c. get more exercise each day
d. Use a dehumidifier in the home - ANSWER-take in increased amounts of fluids
every day
,"A client taking albuterol (Ventolin) experiences a severe episode of wheezing, which
the nurse interprets as bronchospasm. A telephone call is made to the physician's
office to report the occurrence. The nurse does which of the following while waiting
for the physician to return the call?"
a. administer the next dose of albuterol as scheduled
b. withholds the next dose of albuterol
c. administer a double dose of albuterol
d. administers half the dose of albuterol - ANSWER-withholds the next dose of
albuterol
"A client is unable to expectorate sputum for a sputum sample, and the nurse is
preparing to obtain the sample via saline inhalation. The nurse instructs the client to
inhale the warm saline vapor via nebulizer by:"
a. hold the nebulizer under the nose
b. keeping the lips closed lightly over the mouthpiece
c. keeping the lips closed tightly over the mouthpiece
d. alternating one vapor breath with one breath from room air - ANSWER-keeping
the lips closed lightly over the mouthpiece
A 5-year-old child is admitted to the hospital for heart surgery to repair the tetralogy
of Fallot. The nurse reviews the child's record and notes that the child has clubbed
fingers. The nurse understands that the clubbing is most likely caused by:
a. peripheral hypoxia
b. delayed physical growth
c. chronic hypertension
d. destruction of bone marrow - ANSWER-peripheral hypoxia
"A 10-month-old infant is hospitalized for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Using
knowledge of growth and development according to Erik Erikson and Jean Piaget,
the nurse should do which of the following to meet the infant's developmental
needs?"
a. wash hands, wear a mask and keep the infant as quiet as possible
b. follow the home feeding schedule and allow the infant to be held only when the
parents visit
c. restrain the infant continuously to prevent tubes from being dislodged
d. provide a consistent routine, as well as touching, rocking, and cuddling throughout
the hospitalization - ANSWER-provide a consistent routine, as well as touching,
rocking, and cuddling throughout the hospitalization
A nurse is developing a postoperative plan of care for an infant who will undergo a
pyloromyotomy for the treatment of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The nurse
documents in the plan that the infant should be placed in which position in the
postoperative period?
a. supine with the head of the bed elevated
b. prone with the head of the bed elevated
c. flat on the nonoperative side
d. flat on the operative side - ANSWER-prone with the head of the bed elevated
A clinic nurse is performing an assessment on a child. Which finding indicates the
presence of an inguinal hernia?
, a. painless inguinal swelling that appears when the child cries or strains
b. complaints of difficulty defecating
c. complaints of a dribbling urinary stream
d. absence of the tests with scrotum - ANSWER-painless inguinal swelling that
appears when the child cries or strains
The nurse is providing instructions to the parents of a child with a hernia regarding
measures that will aid in reducing the hernia. The nurse determines that the parents
understand these measures if they state which of the following?
a. we will be sure to give our child a fleet enema every day to prevent constipation
b. we will make sure that our child participates in physical activity every day
c. we will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by our child
d. we will encourage our child to cough every few hours on a daily basis - ANSWER-
we will provide comfort measures to reduce any crying periods by our child
A nurse is caring for a child after an inguinal hernia repair. Which finding would
indicate that the surgical repair was effective?
a. abdominal distention
b. absence of inguinal swelling with crying
c. a clean, dry incision
d. an adequate flow of urine - ANSWER-absence of inguinal swelling with crying
A nurse is providing home care instructions to the parents of an infant who had
surgical repair of an inguinal hernia. The nurse instructs the parents to do which of
the following to prevent infection at the surgical site?
a. change the diapers as soon as they become damp
b. report a fever immediately
c. soak the infant in a tub bath twice a day for the next 5 days
d. restrict the infant's physical activity - ANSWER-change the diapers as soon as
they become damp
"When obtaining a history from parents of a 5 month old child suspected of having
intussusception, which assessment area would be most important for the nurse to
address?"
a. pattern of abdominal pain
b. known allergies
c. dietary intake during the past 24 hours
d. usual pattern of bowel movements - ANSWER-pattern of abdominal pain
A nurse is assessing a child after hydrostatic reduction for intussusception. The
nurse would expect to observe which finding after this procedure?
a. severe colicy-type pain with vomiting
b. currant jelly like stools
c. passage of barium or water soluble contrast with stools
d. severe abdominal distention - ANSWER-passage of barium or water soluble
contrast with stools
"A nurse is caring for a child with intussusception. During care, the child passes a
normal brown stool. The most appropriate nursing action is to:"
a. report the passage of a normal brown stool to the physician
