Comprehensive HHA Exam Questions & Answers

By voicing concerns about the patient, the nurse functions as an ____________ to improve the quality of care - ANSWERSadvocate When nurses treat individuals, families, and communities to improve disparities present in the health care system, they promote respect and social justice - ANSWERSrespect Nurses continually learn and promote health as part of their ongoing professional responsibility - ANSWERSongoing professional responsibility Health assessment is the method by which nurses gather subjective and objective data - ANSWERSobtain subjective and objective data _____________ actions taken by the nurse to promote health. They usually begin with a verb and have a time frame - ANSWERSnursing interventions The nurse will use the _____________ to assess patients perspective about the relationship between smoking and lung disease. The patient's family experience, he may have some personal beliefs that influence his motivation to stop smoking, which the nurse must assess - ANSWERShealth belief model Because surgery involves all body system, it is important to perform a ____________ assessment - ANSWERScomprehensive __________ is used in all phases of the nursing process - ANSWERScritical thinking In a comprehensive assessment, the nurse collects subjective and objective data. These include a history of the current problem, medical history, and common symptoms, as well as head to toe physical exam - ANSWERSexamination of body systems In the medical model, the provider evaluates the medical diagnosis such as MI. The provider may order some diagnostic tests to evaluate the extent of damage. The nurse assesses the pts response to the MI, such as fluid retention or arrythmias. Additionally, the nurse assesses functional abilities, such as coping, role performance, and activity tolerance - ANSWERSfunctional framework ____________ data are open to interpretation; only the patient knows what they are - ANSWERSsubjective ___________data are measurable and visible signs; such as a facial grimace. - ANSWERSobjective Patient reports ________ data - ANSWERSprimary Nurses collect __________ data from other sources such as the family, chart, or staff. Pain is what the patient says it is. - ANSWERSsecondary During the ________ phase, the nurse collects data. - ANSWERSworking The ____________ phase is when the nurse looks at the chart before talking with the patient. In the beginning the nurse introduces self and at the closing summarizes. - ANSWERSbeginning The patient is crying after being given a diagnosis with a poor prognosis. The best response from the nurse is.......(being present and using silence are an effective tools in such circumstances) - ANSWERS"i'll stay with you (gets a tissue)" Lines between parents show _________ a double slash through the line indicates ________ - ANSWERSmarriage divorce The mother of an infant with severe asthma is extremely anxious. The nurse is treating the patient in the ER. When collecting the history, the best response of the nurse is....(this is an emergency assessment, so it is important to gather the history. While acknowledging, it also focuses the conversation back on the infant. Once the infant is stabilized, the nurse will have the opportunity to talk with the mother about her feelings) - ANSWERS"You seem worried, but I need to ask a few questions." _____________ address important big concepts of life and death. - ANSWERSvalues __________ addresses the daily duties or tasks - ANSWERSrole Assessment of _____________ perception focuses on how the patient thinks about himself/herself. - ANSWERSself-perception _____________ is in response to a stressor - ANSWERScoping To assess self-perception the nurse asks - ANSWERSHow would you describe yourself? The nurse assessing an older adult focuses the health history on - ANSWERSsensory deficits illness history lifestyle factors The nurse performs patient teaching after assessing that the nutritional history reveals that the patient generally consumes igh fat, high calorie diet. This critical thinking - ANSWERSuses subjective data to analyze findings and intervene In older adults, both SBP and DBP increase due to increased stiffness of arterial walls. Temperature in the older adults tend to be in the lower range. - ANSWERST 120/80 The best way to assess the patient's RR is by: - ANSWERSask the patient to breath normally for one minute The patient's radial pulse is weak and thready. The next action of the nurse is to - ANSWERScompare findings with previous findings and opposite extremity Assessing for a pulse deficit provides an indirect evaluation of the heart's ability to eject enough blood to produce a peripheral pulse. When a pulse deficit is is present, the radial pulse is less than the apical pulse. - ANSWERSt The nurse notes an irregular radial pulse in a patient. Further evaluation includes assessing for a - ANSWERSpulse deficit Which actions will result in an inaccurate BP reading? A) obtaining a BP immediately after the patient has entered the room B)Asking the patient to hold out his or her arm above heart level. C) pumping the cuff 10 mmhg above the palpated SBP - ANSWERSABC It is recommended to pump the cuff ________ above the last sound - ANSWERS20-30 Adult patients may have variations in pulse rates with - ANSWERSexercise An auscultatory gap is defined as.. A. a drop in the SBP of 15 mm Hg or more with position change B. A period of silence heard between Korotkoff sounds C. the difference between the apical and radial pulse D. SBP minus the DBP - ANSWERSb Which of the following findings during the general survey may indicate a change mental status? - ANSWERSdisheveled appearance rapid speech lethargy ___________ are nonpalpable, defined lesions larger than 1 cm - ANSWERSpatches skin patches - ANSWERS _______ have the same characteristics as patches but are less than 1 cm - ANSWERSmacules macules - ANSWERS _________ are solid, raised, palpable lesions less than 1 cm - ANSWERSpapules papules - ANSWERS ________ are papules larger than 1 cm - ANSWERSplaque Pinch a fold of skin just below the midpoint of one of the clavicles and allow the skin to recoil to normal. To assess turgor in an adult, the most reliable method is to pinch a fold of skin on the anterior chest. - ANSWERSanterior chest _______________ is a highly contagious infectious disease. It occurs most frequently in children. - ANSWERSvaricella (chicken pox) ______ is a rash of macules and papules - ANSWERSmeasles _________ is generally localized to one area of the body and consists of grouped vesicles on an erythematous base - ANSWERSherpes simplex __________ is a macular and papular rash - ANSWERSroseola _________ are single lesions in close proximity to a larger lesion - ANSWERSsatelite lesions that are totally separate from one another - ANSWERSdiscrete lesions that have merged together so that individual lesions are not distinguishable - ANSWERSconfluent lesions that follow a pathway - ANSWERSzosteriform excessive accumulation of fibrin tissue in response to wound healing - ANSWERSkeloid ___________ exagerated skin lines as a result of chronic irritation or scratching - ANSWERSlichenification dried secretion from a primary lesion - ANSWERScrust _______ results from excessive proliferation of the upper epidermal skin layers without normal shedding of dead cells - ANSWERSscale the skin layers thin with aging resulting in decreased skin turgor - ANSWERStrue __________ are palpable erythematous lesions containing pus or other infectious material - ANSWERSpustules cysts can contain serous as well as infectious substances and extend into the deeper layers of skin - ANSWERStrue _______ are solid - ANSWERSpapules __________ are small, thin roofed lesions containing clear serous fluid - ANSWERSvesicles T/F Thyroid gland is often nonpalpable. With no signs or symptoms of hypo/hyperthyroidism, a nonpalpable thyroid would be a normal finding - ANSWERSTrue Which of the following descriptions is most consistent with .a patient who has hypothyroidism? -slightly obese female who complaints of cold intolerance, brittle hair, and dry skin - ANSWERStrue (pt with hypothyroidism would likely demonstrate clinical signs and symptoms of a low metabolic rate resulting from relative depletion of circulating thyroid hormone) Infected lymph nodes are usually tender. Fixed, hard, or irregular nodes should be further evaluated as a sign of possible cancer - ANSWERSTrue While assessing the skin of a 24 yo pt, the nurse notes decreased skin turgor. The nurse should further assess for s/s of - ANSWERSdehydration Which of the following best describes the instructions the nurse should give a pt when assessing the thyroid from the posterior approach? - ANSWERSplease tilt your head slightly down to one side During assessment of the thyroid, it is helpful for the patient to relax the sternocleinomastoid muscle by turning the head slightly and lowering is slightly toward the chin. This positions makes it easier for the nurse to palpate each lobe of the thyroid. - ANSWERSTrue