NRSG 245 Pharmacology Exam 1
Correct Questions And Answers 2025
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how were most early treatments discovered? - Answer - accident
what is aspirin used for? - Answer - pain and fever
what is morphine derived from? - Answer - poppy juice (opium plant)
what is morphine used for? - Answer - pain relief
before released to the public, what must drugs be tested for? - Answer - efficacy and safety
what is a drug? - Answer - a chemical that is introduced into the body to cause some kind of change
what is pharmacology? - Answer - the study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
what is clinical pharmacology? - Answer - study of drugs in humans
what is pharmacotherapeutics? - Answer - the medical use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat
disease, or to prevent pregnancy
what are the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug? - Answer - effectiveness, safety, selectivity
what is the most important property of a drug? - Answer - effectiveness
name the properties of an ideal drug - Answer - -effectiveness
,-safety
-selectivity
-reversible action
-predictability
-ease of administration
-freedom from drug interactions
-low cost
-chemical stability
-simple generic name
do "safe" drugs exist? - Answer - no, there is no such thing as a safe drug, all drugs can cause harm
is there any such thing as a selective drug? - Answer - no, all drugs can cause side effects
what is the objective of drug therapy? - Answer - to provide maximum benefit with minimum harm
What are the 5 rights of medication administration? - Answer - -right drug
-right patient
-right dose
-right route
-right time
what is the "tall man" system? - Answer - a system to mitigate drug errors between medications with
similar names
example: hydrALAzine vs. hydrOXYzine
how can errors concerning the "right patient" be mitigated? - Answer - scannable drugs labels and
armbands
,what does PO mean? - Answer - by mouth (per os)
what does IV mean? - Answer - intravenous
what does IM mean? - Answer - intramuscular
what does q24 mean? - Answer - once daily
what does BID or q12 mean? - Answer - twice daily
what does TID or q8 mean? - Answer - three times daily
outside of the "5 rights", what other "rights" need to be included? - Answer - -right assessment
-right evaluation
-right documentation
-patient's right to education
-patient's right to refusal
Who is the last line of defense against medication errors? - Answer - the nurse
name the 8 aspects of drug therapy - Answer - -preadministration assessment
-dosage and administration
-promoting therapeutic effects
-minimizing adverse effects
-minimizing adverse interactions
-making PRN decisions
-evaluating responses to medications
-managing toxicity
, what does PRN mean? - Answer - as needed (pro re nata)
what does all drug therapy begin with? - Answer - assessment of the patient
what does the preadministration assessment include? - Answer - -collect baseline data needed to
evaluate therapeutic and adverse responses
-identify high risk patients
-assess the patient's capacity for self-care
what is the objective of the preadministration assessment? - Answer - to reduce risk
what is the purpose of collecting baseline data? - Answer - to determine the effectiveness of the drug or
identify potential toxicity
vital signs include: - Answer - BP, pulse, respirations, temp, SpO2
laboratory studies include: - Answer - electrolytes, kidney function, liver function
what components identify a patient as "high risk"? - Answer - -liver and/or kidney impairment
-genetic factors
-drug allergies
-life span considerations
what might put a patient at risk for poor self-care? - Answer - -reduced visual acuity
-limited intellectual ability
-severe mental illness
-limited manual dexterity
Correct Questions And Answers 2025
Save
how were most early treatments discovered? - Answer - accident
what is aspirin used for? - Answer - pain and fever
what is morphine derived from? - Answer - poppy juice (opium plant)
what is morphine used for? - Answer - pain relief
before released to the public, what must drugs be tested for? - Answer - efficacy and safety
what is a drug? - Answer - a chemical that is introduced into the body to cause some kind of change
what is pharmacology? - Answer - the study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
what is clinical pharmacology? - Answer - study of drugs in humans
what is pharmacotherapeutics? - Answer - the medical use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat
disease, or to prevent pregnancy
what are the 3 most important properties of an ideal drug? - Answer - effectiveness, safety, selectivity
what is the most important property of a drug? - Answer - effectiveness
name the properties of an ideal drug - Answer - -effectiveness
,-safety
-selectivity
-reversible action
-predictability
-ease of administration
-freedom from drug interactions
-low cost
-chemical stability
-simple generic name
do "safe" drugs exist? - Answer - no, there is no such thing as a safe drug, all drugs can cause harm
is there any such thing as a selective drug? - Answer - no, all drugs can cause side effects
what is the objective of drug therapy? - Answer - to provide maximum benefit with minimum harm
What are the 5 rights of medication administration? - Answer - -right drug
-right patient
-right dose
-right route
-right time
what is the "tall man" system? - Answer - a system to mitigate drug errors between medications with
similar names
example: hydrALAzine vs. hydrOXYzine
how can errors concerning the "right patient" be mitigated? - Answer - scannable drugs labels and
armbands
,what does PO mean? - Answer - by mouth (per os)
what does IV mean? - Answer - intravenous
what does IM mean? - Answer - intramuscular
what does q24 mean? - Answer - once daily
what does BID or q12 mean? - Answer - twice daily
what does TID or q8 mean? - Answer - three times daily
outside of the "5 rights", what other "rights" need to be included? - Answer - -right assessment
-right evaluation
-right documentation
-patient's right to education
-patient's right to refusal
Who is the last line of defense against medication errors? - Answer - the nurse
name the 8 aspects of drug therapy - Answer - -preadministration assessment
-dosage and administration
-promoting therapeutic effects
-minimizing adverse effects
-minimizing adverse interactions
-making PRN decisions
-evaluating responses to medications
-managing toxicity
, what does PRN mean? - Answer - as needed (pro re nata)
what does all drug therapy begin with? - Answer - assessment of the patient
what does the preadministration assessment include? - Answer - -collect baseline data needed to
evaluate therapeutic and adverse responses
-identify high risk patients
-assess the patient's capacity for self-care
what is the objective of the preadministration assessment? - Answer - to reduce risk
what is the purpose of collecting baseline data? - Answer - to determine the effectiveness of the drug or
identify potential toxicity
vital signs include: - Answer - BP, pulse, respirations, temp, SpO2
laboratory studies include: - Answer - electrolytes, kidney function, liver function
what components identify a patient as "high risk"? - Answer - -liver and/or kidney impairment
-genetic factors
-drug allergies
-life span considerations
what might put a patient at risk for poor self-care? - Answer - -reduced visual acuity
-limited intellectual ability
-severe mental illness
-limited manual dexterity
