Chapter 7 – Energy Metabolism
· Distinguish between anabolism and catabolism.
•Anabolism: building body compounds
•Requires energy
•Catabolism: breaking down body compounds
•Releases energy
· Recall the breakdown products of digestion from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are digested in the intestine, where they are broken
down into their basic units:
● Carbohydrates into sugars.
● Proteins into amino acids.
● Fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
· What is ATP and what is it used for?
ATP, is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. When one
phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called
hydrolysis, energy is released, and ATP is converted to adenosine diphosphate ADP
· What is the primary advantage of aerobic respiration versus anaerobic metabolism of
glucose in terms of how much ATP is produced by it?
Aerobic respiration yields up to 36 ATP (glycolysis, krebs cycle, oxidative
phosphorylation).
Anaerobic yields 2 ATP (Glycolysis, fermentation).
Therefore, the major advantage of aerobic respiration is that it produces a lot of ATP
and can take advantage of any food source.
· What is the primary advantage of anaerobic metabolism of glucose versus aerobic
respiration in terms of rate of ATP production?
Aerobic processes produce up to 38 ATP per glucose. Anaerobic processes yield only 2
ATP per glucose, but it does so very quickly and without the need for oxygen.
· How do we perform anaerobic metabolism of glucose? How is lactate formed? Is it
reversible?
· Distinguish between anabolism and catabolism.
•Anabolism: building body compounds
•Requires energy
•Catabolism: breaking down body compounds
•Releases energy
· Recall the breakdown products of digestion from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are digested in the intestine, where they are broken
down into their basic units:
● Carbohydrates into sugars.
● Proteins into amino acids.
● Fats into fatty acids and glycerol.
· What is ATP and what is it used for?
ATP, is the principal molecule for storing and transferring energy in cells. When one
phosphate group is removed by breaking a phosphoanhydride bond in a process called
hydrolysis, energy is released, and ATP is converted to adenosine diphosphate ADP
· What is the primary advantage of aerobic respiration versus anaerobic metabolism of
glucose in terms of how much ATP is produced by it?
Aerobic respiration yields up to 36 ATP (glycolysis, krebs cycle, oxidative
phosphorylation).
Anaerobic yields 2 ATP (Glycolysis, fermentation).
Therefore, the major advantage of aerobic respiration is that it produces a lot of ATP
and can take advantage of any food source.
· What is the primary advantage of anaerobic metabolism of glucose versus aerobic
respiration in terms of rate of ATP production?
Aerobic processes produce up to 38 ATP per glucose. Anaerobic processes yield only 2
ATP per glucose, but it does so very quickly and without the need for oxygen.
· How do we perform anaerobic metabolism of glucose? How is lactate formed? Is it
reversible?
