DXA ARRT EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT.
Osteoporosis - ANSWERSCondition that affects especially older woman and is
characterized by decrease in bone mass with decrease in density and enlargement of
bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness
WHO Osteoporosis definition - ANSWERSBone density with a T-score of 2.5 or more
standard deviations below peak bone mass
Severe osteoporosis - ANSWERST-score of -2.5 and. hx of 1 or more osteoporotic fx
Primary type 1 osteoporosis - ANSWERSaccelerated loss of bone density that occurs in
postmenopausal woman due to estrogen deficiency
Primary type 1 affects what type of bone - ANSWERSporous trabecular bone
Symptoms of type 1 - ANSWERSVertebral fx
proximal femur/ hip fx
distal radius/ colles fx
Type 1 affected by - ANSWERSdecrease parathyroid hormone
decrease Ca absorption
decrease vit D absorption
Primary type 2 osteoporosis - ANSWERSSenile or age related. In both men and woman
over the age of 70
Type 2 affects what kind of bone - ANSWERSBoth trabecular ad cortical bone
Trabecular bone loss occurs faster than cortical bone
Type 2 affected by - ANSWERSDecrease parathyroid hormone
decrease Ca absorption
decease vit D production
Secondary osteoporosis - ANSWERScaused by 1 or more diseases or condition
caused by life style choices
Functions of bones - ANSWERSSupportive structure of the body
Cortical bone - ANSWERSsmooth, hard mineral material solid dense and hard
80% of skeletal weight
made up of a blend of hydroxyapatite and collagen proteins
, Trabecular bone - ANSWERSporous network of thin needle like strands of bone
found at the ends of long bones, under areas when're tendons attach in vertebral bodies
in flat bones
20% of skeletal weight
House marrow: supply of RBC and reserve for fat and minerals
Osteoclasts - ANSWERSCells responsible for resorption of old bones
Found in small pits called hoships lucunae
regulate Ca concentration in blood by breaking bone down when additional Ca is
needed
regulated by hormones
Osteoblasts - ANSWERScells that create new bone
make material called asteroids
made up mostly of collagen
Remodeling cycle - ANSWERSReactive stage
Reparative stage
Remodeling
Factors affecting remodeling - ANSWERSAge, auto immune disease, digestive and GI
disorders, hormonal disorders, blood disease and cancer
Genetic risk factors - ANSWERSSeveral genetic variations influence bone mineral
density
still not completely understood
Endocrine risk factors - ANSWERSCan cause secondary osteoporosis
Diabests, breast cx, celiac disease, chron's disease, depression, epilepsy, hyperthyroid,
RA
Nutritional risk factors - ANSWERSnot maintaining a healthy diet
Lack of Ca and vit D
Lifestyle risk factors - ANSWERSSmoking, heavy drinking, unbalanced diet, sedentary
lifestyle
Medication risk factors - ANSWERSSteroid use of 5 mg per day for 3 months
Thyroid hormone medication
Anticoagulants
Antidepressants
Bone Mass Measurement Act - ANSWERSPassed by congress in 1997
Put into affect July 1998
Mandated uniform medicare coverage for bone mass measurement
ANSWERS 100% CORRECT.
Osteoporosis - ANSWERSCondition that affects especially older woman and is
characterized by decrease in bone mass with decrease in density and enlargement of
bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness
WHO Osteoporosis definition - ANSWERSBone density with a T-score of 2.5 or more
standard deviations below peak bone mass
Severe osteoporosis - ANSWERST-score of -2.5 and. hx of 1 or more osteoporotic fx
Primary type 1 osteoporosis - ANSWERSaccelerated loss of bone density that occurs in
postmenopausal woman due to estrogen deficiency
Primary type 1 affects what type of bone - ANSWERSporous trabecular bone
Symptoms of type 1 - ANSWERSVertebral fx
proximal femur/ hip fx
distal radius/ colles fx
Type 1 affected by - ANSWERSdecrease parathyroid hormone
decrease Ca absorption
decrease vit D absorption
Primary type 2 osteoporosis - ANSWERSSenile or age related. In both men and woman
over the age of 70
Type 2 affects what kind of bone - ANSWERSBoth trabecular ad cortical bone
Trabecular bone loss occurs faster than cortical bone
Type 2 affected by - ANSWERSDecrease parathyroid hormone
decrease Ca absorption
decease vit D production
Secondary osteoporosis - ANSWERScaused by 1 or more diseases or condition
caused by life style choices
Functions of bones - ANSWERSSupportive structure of the body
Cortical bone - ANSWERSsmooth, hard mineral material solid dense and hard
80% of skeletal weight
made up of a blend of hydroxyapatite and collagen proteins
, Trabecular bone - ANSWERSporous network of thin needle like strands of bone
found at the ends of long bones, under areas when're tendons attach in vertebral bodies
in flat bones
20% of skeletal weight
House marrow: supply of RBC and reserve for fat and minerals
Osteoclasts - ANSWERSCells responsible for resorption of old bones
Found in small pits called hoships lucunae
regulate Ca concentration in blood by breaking bone down when additional Ca is
needed
regulated by hormones
Osteoblasts - ANSWERScells that create new bone
make material called asteroids
made up mostly of collagen
Remodeling cycle - ANSWERSReactive stage
Reparative stage
Remodeling
Factors affecting remodeling - ANSWERSAge, auto immune disease, digestive and GI
disorders, hormonal disorders, blood disease and cancer
Genetic risk factors - ANSWERSSeveral genetic variations influence bone mineral
density
still not completely understood
Endocrine risk factors - ANSWERSCan cause secondary osteoporosis
Diabests, breast cx, celiac disease, chron's disease, depression, epilepsy, hyperthyroid,
RA
Nutritional risk factors - ANSWERSnot maintaining a healthy diet
Lack of Ca and vit D
Lifestyle risk factors - ANSWERSSmoking, heavy drinking, unbalanced diet, sedentary
lifestyle
Medication risk factors - ANSWERSSteroid use of 5 mg per day for 3 months
Thyroid hormone medication
Anticoagulants
Antidepressants
Bone Mass Measurement Act - ANSWERSPassed by congress in 1997
Put into affect July 1998
Mandated uniform medicare coverage for bone mass measurement
