WGU Introduction to Cryptography - C839 (EC-Council CES) UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers

WGU Introduction to Cryptography - C839
(EC-Council CES) UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
CrypTool - CORRECT ANSWER - Software which allows encryption of text using
historic algorithms


The Enigma Machine - CORRECT ANSWER - In World War II the Germans made use of
an electro-mechanical rotor based cipher Known as The Enigma Machine.


Allied cipher machines used in WWII included the British TypeX and the American SIGABA.


The ADFGVX Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - invented by Colonel Fritz Nebel in 1918.
The key for this algorithm is a six-by-six square of letters, used to encode a 36-letter alphabet.


The Playfair Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - invented in 1854 by Charles Wheatstone.


The Playfair cipher uses a five-by-five table containing a keyword or key phrase.


Breaking the Vigenère Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - In 1863, Friedrich Kasiski was the
first person to publish a successful general attack on the Vigenère Cipher


The Vigenère Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - This is perhaps the most widely known
multi-alphabet substitution cipher. invented in 1553 by Giovan Battista Bellaso. Uses a series of
different Caesar ciphers based on the letters of a keyword.


The Cipher Disk - CORRECT ANSWER - The cipher disk was invented by Leon Alberti
in 1466. each time you turned the disk, you used a new cipher. It was literally a disk you turned
to encrypt plaintext.

,Multi-Alphabet Substitution - CORRECT ANSWER - Use of multiple substitution
alphabets.
Example:Cipher Disk, Vigenere Cipher, Enigma Machine


Scytale - CORRECT ANSWER - This was a cylinder tool used by the Greeks, and is often
specifically attributed to the Spartans. Physical cylinder that was used to encrypt messages.


ROT13 Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - It is essentially the Caesar cipher always using a
rotation or shift of 13 characters.


The ATBASH Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - Hebrew scribes copying religious texts
used this cipher.
substitutes the first letter of the alphabet for the
last, and the second letter for the second-to-the-last, etc.


The Caesar Cipher - CORRECT ANSWER - You can choose to shift any number of letters,
either left or right. If you choose to shift two to
the right, that would be a +2; if you choose to shift four to the left, that would be a -4.


Mono-Alphabet Substitution - CORRECT ANSWER - These algorithms
simply substitute one character of cipher text for each character of plain text.


Examples: Atbash Cipher, Caesar Cipher, Rot13


Symmetric Cryptography - CORRECT ANSWER - It is simply any algorithm where the
key used to decrypt a message is the same key used to encrypt.


Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWER - Changes to one character in the plain text affect
multiple characters in the cipher text.

, Confusion - CORRECT ANSWER - Confusion attempts to make the relationship between
the statistical frequencies of the cipher text and the actual key as complex as possible. This
occurs by using a complex substitution algorithm.


Avalanche - CORRECT ANSWER - a small change yields large effects in the output, This
is Fiestel's variation on Claude Shannon's concept of diffusion.


Kerckhoffs's Principle - CORRECT ANSWER - This principle states that a cryptosystem
should be secure even if everything about the system, except the key, is publicly known.


Substitution - CORRECT ANSWER - Substitution is changing some part of the plaintext
for some matching part of the Cipher Text.


Transposition - CORRECT ANSWER - Transposition is the swapping of blocks of
ciphertext.


binary numbers - CORRECT ANSWER - there are three operations not found in normal
math:
AND, OR, and XOR operations.


Binary AND - CORRECT ANSWER - If both numbers have a one in both places, then the
resultant number is a one.


1101
1001
------
1001


Binary OR - CORRECT ANSWER - The OR operation checks to see whether there is a
one in either or both numbers in a given place. If so the resulting number is an one.