,Chapter 01: Nursing Today
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected
poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald
came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary
Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded
the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
nursing practice is the nurse following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the
registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous
level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in
home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical
situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge
gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the
organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or
orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing
care and establish long-range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the
situation is an advanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but
the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
DIF:Apply (application)
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
demonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse
may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability
means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing
care provided.
DIF:Apply (application)
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
implementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
, A vmanager vcoordinates vthe vactivities vof vmembers vof vthe vnursing vstaff vin vdelivering vnursing
vcare vand vhas vpersonnel, vpolicy, vand vbudgetary vresponsibility vfor va vspecific vnursing vunit vor
vfacility. vAs van veducator, vyou vexplain vconcepts vand vfacts vabout vhealth, vdescribe vthe vreason
vfor vroutine vcare vactivities, vdemonstrate vprocedures vsuch vas vself-care vactivities, vreinforce
vlearning vor vpatient vbehavior, vand vevaluate vthe vpatient’s vprogress vin vlearning. vAs va vpatient
vadvocate, vyou vprotect vyour vpatient’s vhuman vand vlegal vrights vand vprovide vassistance vin
vasserting vthese vrights vif vthe vneed varises. vAs va vcaregiver, vyou vhelp vpatients vmaintain vand
vregain vhealth, vmanage vdisease vand vsymptoms, vand vattain va vmaximal vlevel vfunction vand
vindependence vthrough vthe vhealing vprocess.
DIF:Apply v(application)
OBJ:Discuss vthe vroles vand vcareer vopportunities vfor vnurses. TOP: vImplementation
vMSC: v Management vof vCare
6. The vnurse vhas vbeen vworking vin vthe vclinical vsetting vfor vseveral vyears vas van vadvanced
vpractice vnurse. vHowever, vthe vnurse vhas va vstrong vdesire vto vpursue vresearch vand vtheory
vdevelopment. vTo vfulfill vthis vdesire, vwhich vprogram vshould vthe vnurse vattend?
a. Doctor vof vNursing vScience vdegree v(DNSc)
b. Doctor vof vPhilosophy vdegree v(PhD)
c. Doctor vof vNursing vPractice vdegree v(DNP)
d. Doctor vin vthe vScience vof vNursing vdegree v(DSN)
ANS: v B
Some vdoctoral vprograms vprepare vnurses vfor vmore vrigorous vresearch vand vtheory vdevelopment
vand vaward vthe vresearch-oriented vDoctor vof vPhilosophy v(PhD) vin vnursing. vProfessional
vdoctoral vprograms vin vnursing v(DSN vor vDNSc) vprepare vgraduates vto vapply vresearch vfindings
vto vclinical vnursing. vThe vDNP vis va vpractice vdoctorate vthat vprepares vadvanced vpractice vnurses
vsuch vas vnurse vpractitioners.
DIF:Understand v (comprehension)
OBJ:Compare vand vcontrast vthe veducational vprograms vavailable vfor vprofessional vregistered vnurse
v(RN) veducation. TOP: v Teaching/Learning MSC: v Management vof vCare
7. A vnurse vattends va vworkshop von vcurrent vnursing vissues vprovided vby vthe vAmerican
Nurses vAssociation. vWhich vtype vof veducation vdid vthe vnurse vreceive?
v
a.Graduate veducation
b.Inservice veducation
c.Continuing veducation
d.Registered vnurse veducation
ANS: v C
Continuing veducation vinvolves vformal, vorganized veducational vprograms voffered vby
vuniversities, vhospitals, vstate vnurses vassociations, vprofessional vnursing vorganizations, vand
veducational vand vhealth vcare vinstitutions. vAfter vobtaining va vbaccalaureate vdegree vin vnursing,
vyou vcan vpursue vgraduate veducation vleading vto va vmaster’s vor vdoctoral vdegree vin vany vnumber
vof vgraduate vfields, vincluding vnursing. vInservice veducation vprograms vare vinstruction vor
vtraining vprovided vby va vhealth vcare vfacility vor vinstitution. vRegistered vnurse veducation vis vthe
veducation vpreparation vfor van vindividual vintending vto vbe van vRN.
DIF:Apply v(application)
OBJ:Compare vand vcontrast vthe veducational vprograms vavailable vfor vprofessional vregistered vnurse v(RN)
Potter: Fundamentals of Nursing, 11th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which nurse most likely kept records on sanitation techniques and the effects on health?
a. Florence Nightingale
b. Mary Nutting
c. Clara Barton
d. Lillian Wald
ANS: A
Nightingale was the first practicing nurse epidemiologist. Her statistical analyses connected
poor sanitation with cholera and dysentery. Mary Nutting, Clara Barton, and Lillian Wald
came after Nightingale, each contributing to the nursing profession in her own way. Mary
Nutting was instrumental in moving nursing education into universities. Clara Barton founded
the American Red Cross. Lillian Wald helped open the Henry Street Settlement.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)
OBJ:Discuss the influence of social, historical, political, and economic changes on nursing practices.
TOP: Evaluation MSC: Health Promotion and Maintenance
2. The nurse prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcome. Which standard of
nursing practice is the nurse following?
a. Assessment
b. Diagnosis
c. Planning
d. Implementation
ANS: C
In planning, the registered nurse develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to
attain expected outcomes. During assessment, the registered nurse collects comprehensive
data pertinent to the patient’s health and/or the situation. In diagnosis, the registered nurse
analyzes the assessment data to determine the diagnoses or issues. During implementation, the
registered nurse implements (carries out) the identified plan.
DIF:Understand (comprehension)
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Planning
MSC: Management of Care
3. An experienced medical-surgical nurse chooses to work in obstetrics. Which level of
proficiency is the nurse upon initial transition to the obstetrical floor?
a. Novice
b. Proficient
c. Competent
d. Advanced beginner
ANS: A
, A beginning nursing student or any nurse entering a situation in which there is no previous
level of experience (e.g., an experienced operating room nurse chooses to now practice in
home health) is an example of a novice nurse. A proficient nurse perceives a patient’s clinical
situation as a whole, is able to assess an entire situation, and can readily transfer knowledge
gained from multiple previous experiences to a situation. A competent nurse understands the
organization and specific care required by the type of patients (e.g., surgical, oncology, or
orthopedic patients). This nurse is a competent practitioner who is able to anticipate nursing
care and establish long-range goals. A nurse who has had some level of experience with the
situation is an advanced beginner. This experience may only be observational in nature, but
the nurse is able to identify meaningful aspects or principles of nursing care.
DIF:Apply (application)
OBJ:Discuss the development of professional nursing roles. TOP: Evaluation
MSC: Management of Care
4. A nurse assesses a patient’s fluid status and decides that the patient needs to drink more fluids.
The nurse then encourages the patient to drink more fluids. Which concept is the nurse
demonstrating?
a. Licensure
b. Autonomy
c. Certification
d. Accountability
ANS: B
Autonomy is an essential element of professional nursing that involves the initiation of
independent nursing interventions without medical orders. To obtain licensure in the United
States, the RN candidate must pass the NCLEX-RN. Beyond the NCLEX-RN, the nurse
may choose to work toward certification in a specific area of nursing practice. Accountability
means that you are responsible, professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing
care provided.
DIF:Apply (application)
OBJ:Discuss the roles and career opportunities for nurses. TOP: Implementation
MSC: Management of Care
5. A nurse prepares the budget and policies for an intensive care unit. Which role is the nurse
implementing?
a. Educator
b. Manager
c. Advocate
d. Caregiver
ANS: B
, A vmanager vcoordinates vthe vactivities vof vmembers vof vthe vnursing vstaff vin vdelivering vnursing
vcare vand vhas vpersonnel, vpolicy, vand vbudgetary vresponsibility vfor va vspecific vnursing vunit vor
vfacility. vAs van veducator, vyou vexplain vconcepts vand vfacts vabout vhealth, vdescribe vthe vreason
vfor vroutine vcare vactivities, vdemonstrate vprocedures vsuch vas vself-care vactivities, vreinforce
vlearning vor vpatient vbehavior, vand vevaluate vthe vpatient’s vprogress vin vlearning. vAs va vpatient
vadvocate, vyou vprotect vyour vpatient’s vhuman vand vlegal vrights vand vprovide vassistance vin
vasserting vthese vrights vif vthe vneed varises. vAs va vcaregiver, vyou vhelp vpatients vmaintain vand
vregain vhealth, vmanage vdisease vand vsymptoms, vand vattain va vmaximal vlevel vfunction vand
vindependence vthrough vthe vhealing vprocess.
DIF:Apply v(application)
OBJ:Discuss vthe vroles vand vcareer vopportunities vfor vnurses. TOP: vImplementation
vMSC: v Management vof vCare
6. The vnurse vhas vbeen vworking vin vthe vclinical vsetting vfor vseveral vyears vas van vadvanced
vpractice vnurse. vHowever, vthe vnurse vhas va vstrong vdesire vto vpursue vresearch vand vtheory
vdevelopment. vTo vfulfill vthis vdesire, vwhich vprogram vshould vthe vnurse vattend?
a. Doctor vof vNursing vScience vdegree v(DNSc)
b. Doctor vof vPhilosophy vdegree v(PhD)
c. Doctor vof vNursing vPractice vdegree v(DNP)
d. Doctor vin vthe vScience vof vNursing vdegree v(DSN)
ANS: v B
Some vdoctoral vprograms vprepare vnurses vfor vmore vrigorous vresearch vand vtheory vdevelopment
vand vaward vthe vresearch-oriented vDoctor vof vPhilosophy v(PhD) vin vnursing. vProfessional
vdoctoral vprograms vin vnursing v(DSN vor vDNSc) vprepare vgraduates vto vapply vresearch vfindings
vto vclinical vnursing. vThe vDNP vis va vpractice vdoctorate vthat vprepares vadvanced vpractice vnurses
vsuch vas vnurse vpractitioners.
DIF:Understand v (comprehension)
OBJ:Compare vand vcontrast vthe veducational vprograms vavailable vfor vprofessional vregistered vnurse
v(RN) veducation. TOP: v Teaching/Learning MSC: v Management vof vCare
7. A vnurse vattends va vworkshop von vcurrent vnursing vissues vprovided vby vthe vAmerican
Nurses vAssociation. vWhich vtype vof veducation vdid vthe vnurse vreceive?
v
a.Graduate veducation
b.Inservice veducation
c.Continuing veducation
d.Registered vnurse veducation
ANS: v C
Continuing veducation vinvolves vformal, vorganized veducational vprograms voffered vby
vuniversities, vhospitals, vstate vnurses vassociations, vprofessional vnursing vorganizations, vand
veducational vand vhealth vcare vinstitutions. vAfter vobtaining va vbaccalaureate vdegree vin vnursing,
vyou vcan vpursue vgraduate veducation vleading vto va vmaster’s vor vdoctoral vdegree vin vany vnumber
vof vgraduate vfields, vincluding vnursing. vInservice veducation vprograms vare vinstruction vor
vtraining vprovided vby va vhealth vcare vfacility vor vinstitution. vRegistered vnurse veducation vis vthe
veducation vpreparation vfor van vindividual vintending vto vbe van vRN.
DIF:Apply v(application)
OBJ:Compare vand vcontrast vthe veducational vprograms vavailable vfor vprofessional vregistered vnurse v(RN)
