zoology exam 5 questions with correct
answers
11. The ostracoderms
a. are the adult form of the ammocoete.
b. were the first vertebrate to have jaws.
c. are an extinct group of heavily armored, jawless fish.
d. were the first fish with paired fins that led to paired appendages.
e. were the first jawed animals - Answer-c. are an extinct group of heavily armored,
jawless fish.
12. The cladistic use of the term "fish"
a. applies to a monophyletic group of aquatic vertebrates.
b. includes all swimming animals from the amphioxus lancelet up to but not including
the true amphibians.
c. would also include the common ancestor with land vertebrates (including us) and
a strict cladist would then include us in "fish."
d. only includes aquatic vertebrates with gills.
e. reflects any vertebrate that is adapted to water. - Answer-c. would also include the
common ancestor with land vertebrates (including us) and a strict cladist would then
include us in "fish."
13. The most primitive of the early fishes were the
a. Agnathans.
b. Gnathostomes.
c. Acanthodians.
d. Lobe-finned fishes.
e. Ray-finned fishes. - Answer-a. Agnathans.
14. The cartilaginous fishes do NOT include
a. skates.
b. rays.
c. sharks.
d. eels.
e. All of the choices are cartilaginous fishes
f. All of the choices are correct - Answer-d. eels.
15. Hagfishes
a. are entirely fresh water animals.
b. are parasitic.
c. have a complex but well-researched reproductive cycle.
d. generate enormous quantities of slime if disturbed.
e. All of the choices are correct - Answer-d. generate enormous quantities of slime if
disturbed.
16. The hagfish has a keen sense of
,a. depth and water pressure in order to control its swim bladder.
b. smell and touch in order to locate dead and dying fish.
c. sight in order to locate dying fish and annelids, molluscs, and crustaceans.
d. hearing in order to locate prey in dark depths.
e. All of the choices are well-developed in hagfish - Answer-b. smell and touch in
order to locate dead and dying fish
17. Shark characteristics include e. All of the choices are unique shark traits
a. having internal fertilization.
b. having isosmotic blood (compared to that of marine water) due to high
concentrations of urea and trimethylamine oxide.
c. having teeth of modified placoid scales.
d. being able to detect bioelectric fields.
e. Having a swim bladded to control buoyancy - Answer-(all of the choices are
correct except for e)
18. The lateral-line of a shark is used for
a. Detecting and locating objects and moving animals in the water.
b. Excretion of urea and water.
c. Detecting odors.
d. Secreting mucus as a swimming lubricant.
e. Detecting the heat of prey animals. - Answer-a. Detecting and locating objects and
moving animals in the water.
19. Sharks have __________ scales.
a. placoid
b. ctenoid
c. cycloid
d. ganoid
e. polyploid - Answer-a. placoid
20. Shark reproduction and development involves
a. clearing a bottom area in order that the female can lay eggs and the male can
deposit sperm over them.
b. no production of yolk at all but the first development of a primitive placenta in all
sharks.
c. substantial care of young after the eggs are laid or young are born.
d. cases of oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous strategies.
e. a larval stage quite different from the adult. - Answer-d. cases of oviparous,
ovoviviparous, and viviparous strategies.
21. The spiral valve in the intestine of a shark serves to
a. release strong acids to aid digestion.
b. function as a liver in producing bile salts.
c. entrap food molecules in a mucus strand.
d. slow passage of food and increase absorptive surface area.
e. propel food through the tract at a faster rate - Answer-d. slow passage of food and
increase absorptive surface area.
22. Ampullary organs of Lorenzini
, a. are located along the lateral-line of a shark.
b. help the shark see prey at night.
c. help the shark detect bioelectric fields at a close range.
d. detect orientation similar to that perceived by our semicircular canals.
e. amplify sounds of a struggling prey from great distances. - Answer-c. help the
shark detect bioelectric fields at a close range.
23. The ovoviviparous sharks are those that
a. lay eggs after external fertilization.
b. bear their young alive after retaining the eggs in the oviduct but with no further
nourishment except from that of the yolk.
c. lay eggs after internal fertilization.
d. bear their young alive after external fertilization.
e. feed developing young a nutritious "uterine milk." - Answer-b. bear their young
alive after retaining the eggs in the oviduct but with no further nourishment except
from that of the yolk.
24. The most diverse fish group is the
a. ray-finned fishes.
b. lung-fishes.
c. lobe-finned fishes.
d. cartilaginous fishes.
e. None of the choices are correct - Answer-a. ray-finned fishes
25. A representative of the ray-finned fish group, the chondrosteans, is the
a. gar.
b. sturgeon.
c. coelacanth.
d. bowfin.
e. carp. - Answer-b. sturgeon.
26. Representatives of the most primitive non-teleost neopterygians are the
a. gar and bowfin.
b. sturgeon and paddle-fish.
c. coelacanths.
d. minnows and suckers.
e. carp and buffalo fish - Answer-a. gar and bowfin.
27. What feature(s) separates a shark from a blue-gill?
a. Gill slits versus operculum
b. Cartilage versus bones
c. Internal versus external fertilization
d. No swim bladder versus swim bladder
e. All of the choices are correct distinctions - Answer-e. All of the choices are correct
distinctions
28. In schooling, fish rely on sensitivity to vibration and water currents. This is
provided by cells called neuromasts located inside
a. caudal fin.
b. gills.
answers
11. The ostracoderms
a. are the adult form of the ammocoete.
b. were the first vertebrate to have jaws.
c. are an extinct group of heavily armored, jawless fish.
d. were the first fish with paired fins that led to paired appendages.
e. were the first jawed animals - Answer-c. are an extinct group of heavily armored,
jawless fish.
12. The cladistic use of the term "fish"
a. applies to a monophyletic group of aquatic vertebrates.
b. includes all swimming animals from the amphioxus lancelet up to but not including
the true amphibians.
c. would also include the common ancestor with land vertebrates (including us) and
a strict cladist would then include us in "fish."
d. only includes aquatic vertebrates with gills.
e. reflects any vertebrate that is adapted to water. - Answer-c. would also include the
common ancestor with land vertebrates (including us) and a strict cladist would then
include us in "fish."
13. The most primitive of the early fishes were the
a. Agnathans.
b. Gnathostomes.
c. Acanthodians.
d. Lobe-finned fishes.
e. Ray-finned fishes. - Answer-a. Agnathans.
14. The cartilaginous fishes do NOT include
a. skates.
b. rays.
c. sharks.
d. eels.
e. All of the choices are cartilaginous fishes
f. All of the choices are correct - Answer-d. eels.
15. Hagfishes
a. are entirely fresh water animals.
b. are parasitic.
c. have a complex but well-researched reproductive cycle.
d. generate enormous quantities of slime if disturbed.
e. All of the choices are correct - Answer-d. generate enormous quantities of slime if
disturbed.
16. The hagfish has a keen sense of
,a. depth and water pressure in order to control its swim bladder.
b. smell and touch in order to locate dead and dying fish.
c. sight in order to locate dying fish and annelids, molluscs, and crustaceans.
d. hearing in order to locate prey in dark depths.
e. All of the choices are well-developed in hagfish - Answer-b. smell and touch in
order to locate dead and dying fish
17. Shark characteristics include e. All of the choices are unique shark traits
a. having internal fertilization.
b. having isosmotic blood (compared to that of marine water) due to high
concentrations of urea and trimethylamine oxide.
c. having teeth of modified placoid scales.
d. being able to detect bioelectric fields.
e. Having a swim bladded to control buoyancy - Answer-(all of the choices are
correct except for e)
18. The lateral-line of a shark is used for
a. Detecting and locating objects and moving animals in the water.
b. Excretion of urea and water.
c. Detecting odors.
d. Secreting mucus as a swimming lubricant.
e. Detecting the heat of prey animals. - Answer-a. Detecting and locating objects and
moving animals in the water.
19. Sharks have __________ scales.
a. placoid
b. ctenoid
c. cycloid
d. ganoid
e. polyploid - Answer-a. placoid
20. Shark reproduction and development involves
a. clearing a bottom area in order that the female can lay eggs and the male can
deposit sperm over them.
b. no production of yolk at all but the first development of a primitive placenta in all
sharks.
c. substantial care of young after the eggs are laid or young are born.
d. cases of oviparous, ovoviviparous, and viviparous strategies.
e. a larval stage quite different from the adult. - Answer-d. cases of oviparous,
ovoviviparous, and viviparous strategies.
21. The spiral valve in the intestine of a shark serves to
a. release strong acids to aid digestion.
b. function as a liver in producing bile salts.
c. entrap food molecules in a mucus strand.
d. slow passage of food and increase absorptive surface area.
e. propel food through the tract at a faster rate - Answer-d. slow passage of food and
increase absorptive surface area.
22. Ampullary organs of Lorenzini
, a. are located along the lateral-line of a shark.
b. help the shark see prey at night.
c. help the shark detect bioelectric fields at a close range.
d. detect orientation similar to that perceived by our semicircular canals.
e. amplify sounds of a struggling prey from great distances. - Answer-c. help the
shark detect bioelectric fields at a close range.
23. The ovoviviparous sharks are those that
a. lay eggs after external fertilization.
b. bear their young alive after retaining the eggs in the oviduct but with no further
nourishment except from that of the yolk.
c. lay eggs after internal fertilization.
d. bear their young alive after external fertilization.
e. feed developing young a nutritious "uterine milk." - Answer-b. bear their young
alive after retaining the eggs in the oviduct but with no further nourishment except
from that of the yolk.
24. The most diverse fish group is the
a. ray-finned fishes.
b. lung-fishes.
c. lobe-finned fishes.
d. cartilaginous fishes.
e. None of the choices are correct - Answer-a. ray-finned fishes
25. A representative of the ray-finned fish group, the chondrosteans, is the
a. gar.
b. sturgeon.
c. coelacanth.
d. bowfin.
e. carp. - Answer-b. sturgeon.
26. Representatives of the most primitive non-teleost neopterygians are the
a. gar and bowfin.
b. sturgeon and paddle-fish.
c. coelacanths.
d. minnows and suckers.
e. carp and buffalo fish - Answer-a. gar and bowfin.
27. What feature(s) separates a shark from a blue-gill?
a. Gill slits versus operculum
b. Cartilage versus bones
c. Internal versus external fertilization
d. No swim bladder versus swim bladder
e. All of the choices are correct distinctions - Answer-e. All of the choices are correct
distinctions
28. In schooling, fish rely on sensitivity to vibration and water currents. This is
provided by cells called neuromasts located inside
a. caudal fin.
b. gills.
