Juvenile Justice Exam #2 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Community-oriented policing - CORRECT ANSWER - his is designed to prevent crime
and build better communities, solve the causes of crime, provide services to the community, and
keep the peace. This has lofty goals, but the key to community policing is that the police and the
community are working together to deal with criminality. They want to be proactive and get
juveniles to stop before they start. They do this by forming community partnerships. The police
will be involved with citizens and others to help deal with the crime prevention problem. The
idea is that if citizens are involved in the process, the police and the communities can do better
jobs in reducing recidivism and solving crimes. They can use programs like neighborhood watch,
working with schools to provide programs to reduce delinquency, programs that teach about
bullying, or reducing juvenile delinquency and to help the victims of crime. This is working
more with public relations because its a good way to make the police good. These are programs
such as the citizens police academy, DARE, etc.
Problem-oriented policing - CORRECT ANSWER - This is designed to resolve a certain
problem that they're having. This is more designed to reduce recidivism and secondary crime
prevention. This is more like the scientific method approach to solving a crime problem. They
use the SARA approach.
S. Scan and gather information to figure out what the problem is.
A. Analysis which means that you analyze the situation. - You determine the problem, the cause
and come up with a solution.
R. Response - You implement the solution.
A. Assessment - Making sure the solution that is developed and implemented is effective. This is
effective because they make sure what they're doing is effective.
Confidentiality laws - CORRECT ANSWER - Statutes that protect the identity and records
of juvenile offenders in an attempt to avoid the stigmatization that comes with adjudication.
Sight and sound separated - CORRECT ANSWER - The concept that juveniles should not
be able to see or hear adults offenders when taken into police custody.
, Juvenile justice + delinquency prevention act required sight and sound separation between
juveniles and adult offenders (this means that juvenile offenders cannot see or hear adults, which
might mean that they'll be in total isolation).
Custody - CORRECT ANSWER - Essentially the same as arrest for adults.
Curfew - CORRECT ANSWER - A municipal ordinance that restricts the hours a juvenile
can be out in public.
Truancy - CORRECT ANSWER - A status offense making it illegal for youths not to
attend school. The most common types of status offenses are usually running away from home,
truancy, and curfew violations.
Protective custody - CORRECT ANSWER - Taking a minor into police custody to protect
him or her from possible harm.
Intake officer - CORRECT ANSWER - The person at a mention facility responsible for
processing a juvenile into the facility. They often have the authority to refuse to take a juvenile
into custody.
D.A.R.E. program - CORRECT ANSWER - A controversial school-based program
designed to encourage youths to avoid drugs. This program accounts for a lot of resources
expended, but not much in return in the way of deterrence. This was originally created to build a
stronger relationship between the police and the youth, which it did, and to encourage youth to
avoid drugs, which it hasn't. In 1994, the Bureau of Justice Statistics proved its ineffectiveness.
G.R.E.A.T. program - CORRECT ANSWER - A police program in which officers go to
schools to educate youths on the dangers of gangs.
Procedural rights - CORRECT ANSWER - Rights that govern the process by which a
hearing or court action will proceed.
, Substantive rights - CORRECT ANSWER - Rights that protect an individual against
arbitrary and unreasonable action.
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt - CORRECT ANSWER - The facts and evidence are
entirely convincing and satisfy that the person committed the act beyond any reasonable doubt,
sometimes equated with 95% certainty.
Preponderance of the evidence - CORRECT ANSWER - Evidence which is of greater
weight or more convincing than evidence that is offered in opposition to it. Sometimes referred
to as more than 50% percent, more than half of the level of certainty.
Totality of circumstances - CORRECT ANSWER - The test used to determine if a
juvenile's waiver of rights was knowing and voluntary.
Expunging or sealing - CORRECT ANSWER - Allows for the erasure or destruction of
juvenile records once a juvenile reaches the age of majority.
Preventive detention - CORRECT ANSWER - The holding of a juvenile without bond or
bail prior to his or her adjudication hearing.
Jurisdiction - CORRECT ANSWER - The court authority granted by law to hear a case.
Diversion - CORRECT ANSWER - A procedure by which the juvenile is removed from
the juvenile justice process and provided with treatment services.
Detention center - CORRECT ANSWER - A facility designed for short-term secure
confinement of the juvenile prior to court disposition or execution of a court order.
Detention hearing - CORRECT ANSWER - A hearing held in juvenile court during which
the judge decides whether the current detention of the juvenile is justified and whether continued
detention is warranted.
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Community-oriented policing - CORRECT ANSWER - his is designed to prevent crime
and build better communities, solve the causes of crime, provide services to the community, and
keep the peace. This has lofty goals, but the key to community policing is that the police and the
community are working together to deal with criminality. They want to be proactive and get
juveniles to stop before they start. They do this by forming community partnerships. The police
will be involved with citizens and others to help deal with the crime prevention problem. The
idea is that if citizens are involved in the process, the police and the communities can do better
jobs in reducing recidivism and solving crimes. They can use programs like neighborhood watch,
working with schools to provide programs to reduce delinquency, programs that teach about
bullying, or reducing juvenile delinquency and to help the victims of crime. This is working
more with public relations because its a good way to make the police good. These are programs
such as the citizens police academy, DARE, etc.
Problem-oriented policing - CORRECT ANSWER - This is designed to resolve a certain
problem that they're having. This is more designed to reduce recidivism and secondary crime
prevention. This is more like the scientific method approach to solving a crime problem. They
use the SARA approach.
S. Scan and gather information to figure out what the problem is.
A. Analysis which means that you analyze the situation. - You determine the problem, the cause
and come up with a solution.
R. Response - You implement the solution.
A. Assessment - Making sure the solution that is developed and implemented is effective. This is
effective because they make sure what they're doing is effective.
Confidentiality laws - CORRECT ANSWER - Statutes that protect the identity and records
of juvenile offenders in an attempt to avoid the stigmatization that comes with adjudication.
Sight and sound separated - CORRECT ANSWER - The concept that juveniles should not
be able to see or hear adults offenders when taken into police custody.
, Juvenile justice + delinquency prevention act required sight and sound separation between
juveniles and adult offenders (this means that juvenile offenders cannot see or hear adults, which
might mean that they'll be in total isolation).
Custody - CORRECT ANSWER - Essentially the same as arrest for adults.
Curfew - CORRECT ANSWER - A municipal ordinance that restricts the hours a juvenile
can be out in public.
Truancy - CORRECT ANSWER - A status offense making it illegal for youths not to
attend school. The most common types of status offenses are usually running away from home,
truancy, and curfew violations.
Protective custody - CORRECT ANSWER - Taking a minor into police custody to protect
him or her from possible harm.
Intake officer - CORRECT ANSWER - The person at a mention facility responsible for
processing a juvenile into the facility. They often have the authority to refuse to take a juvenile
into custody.
D.A.R.E. program - CORRECT ANSWER - A controversial school-based program
designed to encourage youths to avoid drugs. This program accounts for a lot of resources
expended, but not much in return in the way of deterrence. This was originally created to build a
stronger relationship between the police and the youth, which it did, and to encourage youth to
avoid drugs, which it hasn't. In 1994, the Bureau of Justice Statistics proved its ineffectiveness.
G.R.E.A.T. program - CORRECT ANSWER - A police program in which officers go to
schools to educate youths on the dangers of gangs.
Procedural rights - CORRECT ANSWER - Rights that govern the process by which a
hearing or court action will proceed.
, Substantive rights - CORRECT ANSWER - Rights that protect an individual against
arbitrary and unreasonable action.
Proof beyond a reasonable doubt - CORRECT ANSWER - The facts and evidence are
entirely convincing and satisfy that the person committed the act beyond any reasonable doubt,
sometimes equated with 95% certainty.
Preponderance of the evidence - CORRECT ANSWER - Evidence which is of greater
weight or more convincing than evidence that is offered in opposition to it. Sometimes referred
to as more than 50% percent, more than half of the level of certainty.
Totality of circumstances - CORRECT ANSWER - The test used to determine if a
juvenile's waiver of rights was knowing and voluntary.
Expunging or sealing - CORRECT ANSWER - Allows for the erasure or destruction of
juvenile records once a juvenile reaches the age of majority.
Preventive detention - CORRECT ANSWER - The holding of a juvenile without bond or
bail prior to his or her adjudication hearing.
Jurisdiction - CORRECT ANSWER - The court authority granted by law to hear a case.
Diversion - CORRECT ANSWER - A procedure by which the juvenile is removed from
the juvenile justice process and provided with treatment services.
Detention center - CORRECT ANSWER - A facility designed for short-term secure
confinement of the juvenile prior to court disposition or execution of a court order.
Detention hearing - CORRECT ANSWER - A hearing held in juvenile court during which
the judge decides whether the current detention of the juvenile is justified and whether continued
detention is warranted.
