AP Biology Metabolism & Enzymes
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is life built on? - CORRECT ANSWER - chemical reactions
What forms bonds between molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER - -dehydration synthesis
-anabolic reactions
What breaks bonds between molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER - -hydrolysis
-catabolic reactions
What kinds of chemical reactions release energy? - CORRECT ANSWER - -exergonic
ex. digesting polymers = less organization= lower energy state
-hydrolysis= catabolism(breaking down)
What kinds of chemical reactions require the input of energy? - CORRECT ANSWER --
endergonic
-building polymers= more organization= higher energy state
-dehydration synthesis= anabolism(building up)
What is the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Exergonic reactions release energy while endergonic reactions require energy.
What is Delta G? - CORRECT ANSWER - The change in free energy= ability to do work.
Catabolic pathways - CORRECT ANSWER - -release energy by breaking down complex
molecules into simpler compounds
, ex. digestive enzymes break down food to release energy
Anabolic pathways - CORRECT ANSWER - -consume energy to build complex molecules
from simple ones
ex. amino acids link to form muscle protein
What is Thermodynamics the study of? - CORRECT ANSWER - Thermodynamics is the
study of energy transformations that occur in nature.
What is a closed system? - CORRECT ANSWER - -It is isolated from its surroundings
ex. liquid in a thermos
What is an open system? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Energy and matter can be transferred
between the system and its surroundings
ex. organisms are open systems and difficult to apply to thermodynamics because everything
interacts differently with each other.
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER - -the energy of the
universe is constant
-Energy can be transferred and transformed.
-Energy cannot be created or destroyed
-Also called the principle of Conservation of Energy
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER - -every energy
transfer or transformation increases the entropy(disorder) of the universe
-During every energy transfer or transformation, some energy is unusable, often lost as heat
What is free energy? - CORRECT ANSWER - -part of a system's energy available to perform
work
-Delta G= change in free energy
UPDATED ACTUAL Exam Questions and
CORRECT Answers
What is life built on? - CORRECT ANSWER - chemical reactions
What forms bonds between molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER - -dehydration synthesis
-anabolic reactions
What breaks bonds between molecules? - CORRECT ANSWER - -hydrolysis
-catabolic reactions
What kinds of chemical reactions release energy? - CORRECT ANSWER - -exergonic
ex. digesting polymers = less organization= lower energy state
-hydrolysis= catabolism(breaking down)
What kinds of chemical reactions require the input of energy? - CORRECT ANSWER --
endergonic
-building polymers= more organization= higher energy state
-dehydration synthesis= anabolism(building up)
What is the difference between endergonic and exergonic reactions? - CORRECT ANSWER -
Exergonic reactions release energy while endergonic reactions require energy.
What is Delta G? - CORRECT ANSWER - The change in free energy= ability to do work.
Catabolic pathways - CORRECT ANSWER - -release energy by breaking down complex
molecules into simpler compounds
, ex. digestive enzymes break down food to release energy
Anabolic pathways - CORRECT ANSWER - -consume energy to build complex molecules
from simple ones
ex. amino acids link to form muscle protein
What is Thermodynamics the study of? - CORRECT ANSWER - Thermodynamics is the
study of energy transformations that occur in nature.
What is a closed system? - CORRECT ANSWER - -It is isolated from its surroundings
ex. liquid in a thermos
What is an open system? - CORRECT ANSWER - -Energy and matter can be transferred
between the system and its surroundings
ex. organisms are open systems and difficult to apply to thermodynamics because everything
interacts differently with each other.
What is the First Law of Thermodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER - -the energy of the
universe is constant
-Energy can be transferred and transformed.
-Energy cannot be created or destroyed
-Also called the principle of Conservation of Energy
What is the Second Law of Thermodynamics? - CORRECT ANSWER - -every energy
transfer or transformation increases the entropy(disorder) of the universe
-During every energy transfer or transformation, some energy is unusable, often lost as heat
What is free energy? - CORRECT ANSWER - -part of a system's energy available to perform
work
-Delta G= change in free energy
